Thandizo la radiation

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsa ntchito ma x-ray, ma particles, kapena njere zamagetsi kuti aphe maselo a khansa.

Maselo a khansa amachuluka mofulumira kuposa maselo abwinobwino m'thupi. Chifukwa ma radiation ndi owopsa kumaselo omwe akukula mwachangu, ma radiation amawononga ma cell a khansa kuposa ma cell wamba. Izi zimalepheretsa maselo a khansa kuti akule ndikugawana, ndikupangitsa kufa kwama cell.

Mankhwala a radiation amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi mitundu yambiri ya khansa. Nthawi zina, radiation ndi chithandizo chokha chofunikira. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuphatikiza mankhwala ena monga opaleshoni kapena chemotherapy ku:

• Chepetsani chotupa momwe mungathere musanachite opareshoni
• Thandizani kuti khansayo isabwererenso pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni kapena chemotherapy
• Pewani zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsa chotupa, monga kupweteka, kupanikizika, kapena kutuluka magazi
• Chitani khansa yomwe singathe kuchotsedwa ndi opaleshoni
• Chitani khansa m'malo mochita opareshoni

MITUNDU YA CHITSANZO CHA MAWU

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yothandizira ma radiation imaphatikizapo zakunja, zamkati, komanso zotsekemera.

CHithandizo CHAKULEMBEDWA KWA MALO

Ma radiation akunja ndiye mawonekedwe ofala kwambiri. Njirayi imayang'anitsitsa ma x-ray kapena ma particles amphamvu kwambiri pachotupa kuchokera kunja kwa thupi. Njira zatsopano zimathandizira kwambiri osawononga minofu pang'ono. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Mphamvu ya radiotherapy (IMRT)
• Radiotherapy yotsogozedwa ndi zithunzi (IGRT)
• Stereotactic radiotherapy (ma radiosurgery)

Thandizo la Proton ndi mtundu wina wa radiation yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa. M'malo mogwiritsa ntchito ma x-ray kuwononga maselo a khansa, mankhwala a proton amagwiritsa ntchito tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatchedwa ma proton. Chifukwa sichimawononga pang'ono minofu yathanzi, mankhwala a proton amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pama khansa omwe ali pafupi kwambiri ndi ziwalo zovuta za thupi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu ina ya khansa.

CHITHANDIZO CHOLEMBEDWA NDI MALANGIZO

Kutentha kwa mkati kumayikidwa mkati mwathupi lanu.

• Njira imodzi imagwiritsira ntchito nthanga za radioactive zomwe zimayikidwa mwachindunji kapena pafupi ndi chotupacho. Njirayi imatchedwa brachytherapy, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya prostate. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza pochizira mawere, khomo lachiberekero, mapapo, ndi khansa zina.
• Njira inanso ndiyo kulandira ma radiation mwa kumwa, kumeza mapiritsi, kapena kudzera mu IV. Ma radiation amadzimadzi amayenda mthupi lanu lonse, kufunafuna ndikupha ma cell a khansa. Khansa ya chithokomiro imatha kuthandizidwa motere.

CHITHANDIZO CHOTHANDIZA MALANGIZO (IORT)

Dzuwa lamtunduwu limagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi ya opaleshoni pochotsa chotupa. Chotupacho chikangotulutsidwa ndipo dotoloyo asanatseke chekeni, ma radiation amatumizidwa kumalo omwe anali ndi chotupacho. IORT imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zotupa zomwe sizinafalikire ndipo ma cell ang'onoang'ono a chotupa amatha kukhalabe chotupa chachikulu chikachotsedwa.

Poyerekeza ndi cheza chakunja, zabwino za IORT zitha kuphatikizira:

• Ndi malo okha otupa omwe amayang'aniridwa kotero pamakhala zovuta zochepa pamatenda athanzi
• Mlingo umodzi wokha wa radiation umaperekedwa
• Amapereka mlingo wocheperako wa radiation

ZINTHU ZINA ZIMENE ZAKUCHITITSA CHITSANZO CHA MAWU

Mankhwalawa amatha kuwononga kapena kupha maselo athanzi. Imfa yamaselo athanzi imatha kubweretsa zovuta.

Zotsatirazi zimadalira kuchuluka kwa radiation, komanso kuti mumalandira kangati mankhwalawa. Kuchepetsa kwa dzuwa kumatha kubweretsa kusintha kwa khungu, monga tsitsi, khungu lofiira kapena loyaka, kupindika kwa khungu, kapenanso kutulutsa khungu lakunja.

Zotsatira zina zoyipa zimadalira gawo lomwe thupi limalandira ma radiation:

• Mimba
• Ubongo
• Chifuwa
• Pachifuwa
• Pakamwa ndi khosi
• Pelvic (pakati pa chiuno)
• Prostate

Chithandizo; Khansa - radiation; Thandizo la radiation - mbewu za radioactive; Mphamvu ya radiotherapy (IMRT); Chithunzi chotsogozedwa ndi radiotherapy (IGRT); Chithandizo cha ma radiation; Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) - chithandizo cha radiation; Stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) -kuthandizira ma radiation; Opaleshoni radiotherapy; Proton radiotherapy-radiation chithandizo

• Ma stereosactic radiosurgery - kutulutsa

• Thandizo la radiation

Czito BG, Calvo FA, Haddock MG, Blitzlau R, Willett CG. Kutsekemera kwa intraoperative. Mu: Gunderson LL, Tepper JE, olemba., Eds. Gunderson ndi Tepper's Clinical Radiation Oncology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: mutu 22.

Doroshow JH. Yandikirani kwa wodwala khansa. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 169.

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Thandizo la radiation pochiza khansa. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/radiation-therapy. Idasinthidwa pa Januware 8, 2019. Idapezeka pa Ogasiti 5, 2020.

Zeman EM, Schreiber EC, Tepper JE. Maziko a radiation radiation. Mu: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, olemba. Chipatala cha Abeloff's Oncology. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 27.