Ntchito Yothandizira Madokotala (PA)

MBIRI YA UTUMIKI

Pulogalamu yoyamba yophunzitsira ya Physician Assistant (PA) idakhazikitsidwa ku 1965 ku Duke University ndi Dr. Eugene Stead.

Mapulogalamu amafuna kuti ofunsira akhale ndi digiri ya bachelor. Olembera amafunikiranso chidziwitso pazachipatala, monga katswiri wazachipatala, wothandizira ma ambulansi, wophunzitsa zaumoyo, namwino wololedwa, kapena namwino wothandizana nawo. Wapakati PA wophunzira ali ndi digiri ya bachelor m'munda wina komanso pafupifupi zaka 4 zokumana nazo zokhudzana ndiumoyo. Mapulogalamu amaphunziro a PAs nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi makoleji azachipatala. Amasiyana miyezi 25 mpaka 27 m'litali. Mapulogalamu amapatsa digiri ya master akamaliza.

Ophunzira oyamba a PA anali makamaka amisili ankhondo. Anatha kukulitsa chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso chomwe adalandira m'gulu lankhondo kuti atenge gawo pantchito yoyang'anira. Udindo wothandizira adotolo walola ma PA kuti azigwira ntchito zomwe madokotala amangochita kale. Izi zikuphatikiza kutenga mbiri, kuwunika, kuwunika, ndi kuwongolera odwala.

Kafukufuku wambiri awona kuti ma PA amatha kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala chamtengo wapatali, chofanana ndi cha dokotala, pafupifupi 80% yazikhalidwe zomwe zimawoneka m'malo oyang'anira chisamaliro choyambirira.

ZOCHITIKA ZOCHITA

Wothandizira adokotala amakhala wokonzeka, wamaphunziro komanso wazachipatala, kuti athe kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala motsogozedwa ndi kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala wa zamankhwala (MD) kapena dokotala wa osteopathic medicine (DO). Ntchito za PA zimaphatikizapo ntchito yodziwitsa, yothandizira, yodzitetezera, komanso kukonza zaumoyo.

Ma PA m'ma 50 onse, Washington, DC, ndi Guam ali ndi mwayi wololeza. Othandizira ena sangalandire chindapusa chachinsinsi cha ena (inshuwaransi) pazantchito zawo, koma ntchito zawo amalipiritsa kudzera kwa omwe akuyang'anira kapena owalemba ntchito.

ZOCHITA ZOCHITA

Ma PAs amachita zochitika zosiyanasiyana pafupifupi pafupifupi madera onse azachipatala ndi zamankhwala. Ambiri amachita m'malo oyang'anira chisamaliro choyambirira, kuphatikiza zochita pabanja. Madera ena omwe anthu amachita ndi maopareshoni wamba, ukatswiri wa opareshoni, ndi mankhwala azadzidzidzi. Ena onse amatenga nawo mbali pophunzitsa, kufufuza, kuyang'anira, kapena ntchito zina zosagwirizana ndi zamankhwala.

PA amatha kuchita chilichonse panjira yomwe dokotala amasamalira. Izi zimathandiza madokotala kuti agwiritse ntchito luso lawo komanso chidziwitso chawo m'njira yothandiza kwambiri. Ma PAs amachita mdera lakumidzi komanso lamkati. Kukhoza ndi kufunitsitsa kwa ma PA kuti azigwiritsa ntchito madera akumidzi kwathandizira magawidwe azisamaliro pakati pa anthu onse.

MALANGIZO A KULAMULIRA

Monga ntchito zina zambiri, othandizira othandizira amayendetsedwa pamagulu awiri osiyana. Ali ndi zilolezo ku boma malinga ndi malamulo ena aboma. Chitsimikizo chimakhazikitsidwa kudzera m'bungwe ladziko. Zofunikira pakukhala ndi zocheperako sizigwirizana m'maiko onse.

Chilolezo: Malamulo omwe ali ndi chilolezo cha PA atha kusiyanasiyana pakati pamaboma. Komabe, pafupifupi mayiko onse amafunikira chiphaso chadziko asanapatsidwe chilolezo.

Malamulo onse aboma amafuna kuti a PAs azikhala ndi dokotala woyang'anira. Dokotala ameneyu sayenera kukhala pamalo amodzi ndi PA. Mayiko ambiri amalola kuyang'aniridwa ndi adokotala kudzera pakulankhulana patelefoni ndi maulendo obwera nthawi ndi nthawi. Kuyang'anira madotolo ndi ma PAs nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chizolowezi chowunikira, ndipo nthawi zina mapulaniwa amaperekedwa ndi mabungwe aboma.

Chitsimikizo: Kumayambiriro kwa ntchitoyi, AAPA (American Association of Physician Assistants) adalumikizana ndi AMA (American Medical Association) ndi National Board of Medical Examiners kuti apange mayeso oyeserera dziko.

Mu 1975, bungwe lodziyimira palokha, National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants, lidakhazikitsidwa kuti liziwonetsa pulogalamu yotsimikizira. Pulogalamuyi imaphatikizaponso mayeso olowera, kupitiliza maphunziro azachipatala, ndikuyesanso kwakanthawi kokhazikika kuti abwezeretsenso. Othandizira azachipatala okha omwe amaliza maphunziro pamapulogalamu ovomerezeka ndipo amaliza ndikusunga chizindikirocho ndi omwe angagwiritse ntchito ziphasozo PA-C (zovomerezeka).

Kuti mumve zambiri, pitani ku American Academy of Physician Assistants - www.aapa.org kapena National Commission of Certification of Physician Assistants - www.nccpa.net.

• Mitundu ya othandizira azaumoyo

Ballweg R. Mbiri ya ntchitoyi komanso zomwe zikuchitika pakadali pano. Mu: Ballweg R, Brown D, Vetrosky DT, Ritsema TS, eds. Wothandizira Madokotala: Upangiri Waku Kuchita Zamankhwala. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 2.

Goldgar C, Crouse D, Morton-Rias D. Kutsimikizika kwabwino kwa othandizira madokotala: kuvomerezeka, kupereka ziphaso, kupereka ziphaso, ndi mwayi. Mu: Ballweg R, Brown D, Vetrosky DT, Ritsema TS, eds. Wothandizira Madokotala: Upangiri Waku Kuchita Zamankhwala. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 6.