Mlembi: Virginia Floyd
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 6 Ogasiti 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 17 Novembala 2024
Anonim
Kukula kwakung'ono - Mankhwala
Kukula kwakung'ono - Mankhwala

Ana ndi ana azaka zapakati pa 1 mpaka 3.

MAPHUNZIRO A KUKULA KWA MWANA

Luso lokulitsa kuzindikira (kalingaliridwe) kofanana ndi ana aang'ono ndi awa:

  • Kugwiritsa ntchito zida kapena zida koyambirira
  • Kutsatira zowonera (kenako pambuyo pake, zosawoneka) kusuntha (kusuntha kuchokera kumalo kupita kwina) kwa zinthu
  • Kumvetsetsa kuti zinthu ndi anthu alipo, ngakhale simungathe kuziwona (chinthu ndi kukhazikika kwa anthu)

Kukula kwaumwini komanso chikhalidwe chamunthawi ino kumayang'ana kwambiri pakuphunzira kwa mwana kuti azolowere zofuna za anthu. Pakadali pano, ana amayesa kudzilamulira pawokha komanso kudzidalira.

Zochitika zazikuluzikuluzi ndizofanana ndi ana omwe ali mgulu laling'ono. Pakhoza kukhala kusiyanasiyana. Lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza kukula kwa mwana wanu.

KUKULA KWA THUPI

Izi ndi zizindikiro zakukula kwa thupi kwa mwana wakhanda.

Luso la GROSS MOTOR (kugwiritsa ntchito minofu yayikulu m'miyendo ndi manja)

  • Imayima yokha bwino miyezi 12.
  • Amayenda bwino miyezi 12 mpaka 15. (Ngati mwana sakuyenda miyezi 18, lankhulani ndi wothandizira.)
  • Amaphunzira kuyenda kumbuyo ndikukwera masitepe mothandizidwa miyezi 16 mpaka 18.
  • Amadumpha m'malo pafupifupi miyezi 24.
  • Amakwera njinga yamoto itatu ndipo amayimilira kwakanthawi phazi limodzi pafupifupi miyezi 36.

LABWINO MOTOR luso (ntchito ya minofu yaing'ono m'manja ndi zala)


  • Amapanga nsanja yama cubes anayi mozungulira miyezi 24
  • Amalemba miyezi 15 mpaka 18
  • Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito supuni pofika miyezi 24
  • Mungathe kujambula bwalo pofika miyezi 24

KUKULA KWA ZINENERO

  • Gwiritsani ntchito mawu awiri kapena atatu (kupatula amayi kapena dada) pa miyezi 12 mpaka 15
  • Amamvetsetsa ndikutsatira malamulo osavuta (monga "kubweretsa kwa amayi") pa miyezi 14 mpaka 16
  • Tchulani zithunzi za zinthu ndi nyama pa miyezi 18 mpaka 24
  • Amaloza kumatupi omwe amatchedwa miyezi 18 mpaka 24
  • Iyamba kuyankha ikaitanidwa ndi dzina miyezi 15
  • Kuphatikiza mawu awiri pamiyezi 16 mpaka 24 (Pali mibadwo yambiri momwe ana amatha kuphatikiza mawu kukhala ziganizo. Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani mwana wanu ngati mwana wakhanda sangathe kupanga ziganizo pofika miyezi 24.)
  • Amadziwa zogonana komanso zaka 36 miyezi

KULIMBIKITSA KANTHU

  • Ikuwonetsa zosowa zina polemba miyezi 12 mpaka 15
  • Amayang'ana chithandizo akakhala pamavuto ndi miyezi 18
  • Amathandizira kuvula ndikuyika zinthu pofika miyezi 18 mpaka 24
  • Mverani nkhani mukawonetsedwa zithunzi ndipo mutha kufotokoza zomwe zachitika posachedwa miyezi 24
  • Atha kutenga nawo mbali pakuyerekeza ngati masewera osavuta ndi miyezi 24 mpaka 36

MAKHALIDWE


Ana aang'ono nthawi zonse amayesetsa kukhala odziyimira pawokha. Mutha kukhala ndi nkhawa zachitetezo komanso zovuta zamalangizo. Phunzitsani mwana wanu malire oyenera motsutsana ndi zosayenera.

Ana aang'ono akafuna kuchita zinthu zatsopano, amakhumudwa komanso kukwiya. Kupumira, kulira, kukuwa, ndi kupsa mtima nthawi zambiri kumachitika.

Ndikofunikira kwa mwana panthawiyi kuti:

  • Phunzirani pa zokumana nazo
  • Dalirani malire pakati pazikhalidwe zovomerezeka ndi zosavomerezeka

CHITETEZO

Chitetezo cha ana ndichofunika kwambiri.

  • Dziwani kuti mwanayo tsopano amatha kuyenda, kuthamanga, kukwera, kudumpha, ndikufufuza. Kutsimikizira ana mnyumba ndikofunikira kwambiri panthawi yatsopanoyi. Ikani zitseko zenera, zitseko pamakwerero, maloko a kabati, maloko a chimbudzi, zokutira zamagetsi, ndi zina zotetezera kuti mwana akhale otetezeka.
  • Ikani mwana wakhanda pampando wamagalimoto mukakwera galimoto.
  • Musasiye mwana wamng'ono yekha ngakhale kwa nthawi yochepa. Kumbukirani, ngozi zambiri zimachitika m'zaka zazing'ono kuposa nthawi ina iliyonse yaubwana.
  • Pangani malamulo omveka bwino osasewera m'misewu kapena kuwoloka popanda wamkulu.
  • Kugwa ndi komwe kumayambitsa kuvulala. Sungani zitseko kapena zitseko kuti masitepe atseke. Gwiritsani ntchito alonda pamawindo onse pamwamba pa pansi. Osasiya mipando kapena makwerero m'malo omwe angayese mwana wakhanda. Amatha kuyesa kukwera kuti akafufuze zazitali zatsopano. Gwiritsani ntchito alonda apakona pamipando m'malo omwe mwana wakhanda amayenda, kusewera, kapena kuthamanga.
  • Poizoni ndi omwe amachititsa mwana wakhanda kudwala ndikufa. Sungani mankhwala onse mu kabati yokhoma. Sungani zinthu zonse za poizoni (zopukutira, zidulo, zothetsera, chlorine bleach, madzi opepuka, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kapena ziphe) mukabati kapena kabati yotsekedwa. Zomera zambiri zapakhomo ndi zam'munda, monga ndowe, zimatha kudwala kapena kufa ngati zidya. Funsani omwe amapereka kwa mwana wanu mndandanda wa zomera zomwe zimapezeka poizoni.
  • Ngati m'nyumba muli mfuti, sungani kuti itsitsidwe ndikutsekedwa pamalo achitetezo.
  • Sungani ana oyenda kutali ndi khitchini ndi chipata cha chitetezo. Ikani nawo playpen kapena mpando wapamwamba mukamagwira ntchito. Izi zithetsa ngozi yakupsa.
  • Osasiya mwana wopanda womuyang'anira pafupi ndi dziwe, chimbudzi chotseguka, kapena bafa. Kamwana kakang'ono kangamire, ngakhale m'madzi osaya m'bafa. Maphunziro osambira a kholo ndi mwana atha kukhala njira yabwino komanso yosangalatsa kwa ana kuti azisewera m'madzi. Ana sangaphunzire kusambira ndipo sangakhale patokha pafupi ndi madzi.

MALANGIZO OLErera


  • Ana akuyenera kuphunzira malamulo ovomerezeka. Khalani okhazikika pamakhalidwe (monga momwe mumafunira kuti mwana wanu azichita) ndikuwonetsa zosayenera mwa mwanayo. Mphotho ya machitidwe abwino. Apatseni nthawi yopumira pamakhalidwe oyipa, kapena popitilira malire.
  • Mawu omwe mwana amakonda kwambiri angawoneke ngati "NO !!!" Osatengera chizolowezi choipa. Osagwiritsa ntchito kufuula, kukwapula, kapena kuwopseza kuti mulange mwana.
  • Phunzitsani ana mayina oyenerera a ziwalo zathupi.
  • Kupsyinjika kwapadera, mikhalidwe ya mwanayo.
  • Phunzitsani malingaliro okondweretsa, zikomo, ndikugawana ndi ena.
  • Muwerengereni mwanayo nthawi zonse. Izi zithandizira kukulitsa maluso amawu.
  • Kuchita zinthu mosasinthasintha ndichinsinsi. Zosintha zazikulu pamachitidwe awo ndizovuta kwa iwo. Aloleni azipuma nthawi zonse, kugona pabedi, chakudya, komanso nthawi yakudya.
  • Ana sayenera kuloledwa kudya zokhwasula-khwasula tsiku lonse. Zakudya zochepa kwambiri zimatha kuchotsa chikhumbo chodya chakudya chopatsa thanzi nthawi zonse.
  • Kuyenda ndi mwana wakhanda kapena kukhala ndi alendo kunyumba kungasokoneze machitidwe a mwanayo. Izi zitha kupangitsa mwanayo kukwiya. Muzochitika izi, mutsimikizireni mwana ndikuyesetsa kubwerera kuzolowera modekha.
  • Kukula kwakung'ono

Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Zochitika zofunika kwambiri: mwana wanu zaka ziwiri. www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/milestones/milestones-2yr.html. Idasinthidwa pa Disembala 9, 2019. Idapezeka pa Marichi 18, 2020.

Carter RG, Feigelman S. Chaka chachiwiri. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 23.

Feldman HM, Chaves-Gnecco D. Ana otukuka / machitidwe. Mu: Zitelli BJ, McIntire SC, Nowalk AJ, eds. Zitelli ndi Davis ’Atlas of Pediatric Physical Diagnosis. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 3.

Hazen EP, Abrams AN, Muriel AC. Kukula kwa mwana, unyamata, komanso kukula kwa munthu wamkulu. Mu: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, olemba. Chipatala cha Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Wachiwiri ed. Zowonjezera; 2016: chap 5.

Reimschisel T. Kuchedwa kwachitukuko padziko lonse lapansi. Mu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, olemba. Neurology ya Bradley mu Kuchita Zachipatala. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: mutu 8.

Thorn J. Kukula, machitidwe, komanso thanzi lam'mutu. Mu: Chipatala cha Johns Hopkins; Hughes HK, Kahl LK, okonza. Chipatala cha Johns Hopkins: Harriet Lane Handbook. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 9.

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