Poizoni wakupopera

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zoyipa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chopumira kapena kumeza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Nkhaniyi ndi yongodziwa zambiri. MUSAMAGWIRITSE NTCHITO pofuna kuchiza kapena kusamalira poizoni weniweni. Ngati inu kapena munthu amene muli naye muli ndi chidziwitso, itanani nambala yanu yadzidzidzi (monga 911), kapena malo omwe muli poizoni kwanuko atha kufikiridwa mwachindunji poyimbira foni ya nambala yaulere ya Poison Help (1-800-222-1222) kuchokera kulikonse ku United States.

Mitundu yambiri yotetezera tizilombo imakhala ndi DEET (N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide) monga chogwiritsira ntchito. DEET ndi imodzi mwazipopera zochepa zomwe zimagwira ntchito kuthamangitsa nsikidzi. Ndibwino kuti mupewe matenda omwe udzudzu umafalikira. Zina mwa izo ndi malungo, malungo a dengue, ndi kachilombo ka West Nile.

Zina zopopera zopanda pake zimakhala ndi ma pyrethrins. Pyrethrins ndi mankhwala opangidwa kuchokera ku maluwa a chrysanthemum. Nthawi zambiri imawerengedwa kuti ndi yopanda poizoni, koma imatha kupangitsa kupuma ngati mupuma kambiri.

Opopera tizilombo amagulitsidwa pansi pa mayina osiyanasiyana.

Zizindikiro zogwiritsa ntchito kupopera kachilomboka zimasiyana, kutengera mtundu wa kutsitsi kwake.

Zizindikiro za kumeza zopopera zomwe zili ndi pyrethrins ndi:

• Kupuma kovuta
• Kutsokomola
• Kutaya tcheru (kugona), kuchokera pamlingo wama oksijeni wamagazi kukhala wopanda malire
• Kugwedezeka (ngati kwakukulu kumeza)
• Kugwidwa (ngati kwakukulu kumeza)
• Kukhumudwa m'mimba, kuphatikiza kukokana, kupweteka m'mimba, ndi nseru
• Kusanza

M'munsimu muli zizindikiro zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opopera omwe ali ndi DEET m'malo osiyanasiyana amthupi.

MASO, MAKUTU, MPhuno, NDI THOSO

• Kuwotcha kwakanthawi ndi kufiira, ngati DEET imathiridwa mu ziwalo za thupi. Kusamba m'derali kumapangitsa kuti zizindikirazo zizichoka. Kutentha kwa diso kungafune mankhwala.

MTIMA NDI MWAZI (NGATI DZIKO LAPANSI LAKUMIRA)

• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Kugunda kwapang'onopang'ono kwambiri

DZIKO LAPANSI

• Kusowa poyenda.
• Coma (kusowa poyankha).
• Kusokonezeka.
• Kusowa tulo komanso kusintha kwa malingaliro. Zizindikirozi zimatha kupezeka ndikugwiritsa ntchito DEET yayitali (yopitilira 50% ndende).
• Imfa.
• Kugwidwa.

DEET ndiowopsa makamaka kwa ana aang'ono. Kugonana kumatha kuchitika kwa ana ang'ono omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi DEET pakhungu lawo kwanthawi yayitali. Kusamala kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito zinthu zokha zomwe zili ndi zochepa za DEET. Izi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa. Zida zomwe zili ndi DEET mwina siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa makanda.

Khungu

• Ming'oma kapena khungu lofewa komanso kupsa mtima. Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofatsa ndipo zimatha mankhwalawo akatsukidwa pakhungu.
• Khungu lowopsa lomwe limaphatikizapo kuphulika, kuwotcha, ndi mabala okhazikika pakhungu. Zizindikirozi zimatha kupezeka ngati wina agwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi DEET kwakanthawi yayitali. Asitikali kapena oyang'anira masewera amatha kugwiritsa ntchito izi.

MIMBA NDI ZINTHU (Ngati WINA AMAMENYA CHIWERENGERO CHaching'ono)

• Wokwiya pang'ono mpaka kukwiya m'mimba
• Nseru ndi kusanza

Pakadali pano, vuto lalikulu kwambiri la poizoni wa DEET ndikuwonongeka kwamanjenje. Imfa ndi yotheka kwa anthu omwe amayamba kuwonongeka kwamanjenje kuchokera ku DEET.

MUSAMUPANGITSE munthuyo kupatula ngati atayikidwa poyizoni kapena wothandizira zaumoyo atakuwuzani. Ngati mankhwalawa ali pakhungu kapena pamaso, thirani madzi ambiri osachepera mphindi 15.

Ngati munthu ameza mankhwalawo, mum'patse madzi kapena mkaka nthawi yomweyo, pokhapokha ngati wothandizira akukuuzani kuti musatero. MUSAMAPE chilichonse chakumwa ngati munthuyo ali ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kumeza. Izi zimaphatikizapo kusanza, kugwedezeka, kapena kuchepa kwa chidwi. Ngati munthuyo apumira mankhwalawo, musunthire ku mpweya wabwino nthawi yomweyo.

Dziwani izi:

• Msinkhu wa munthu, kulemera kwake, ndi momwe alili
• Dzina la malonda (zosakaniza ndi mphamvu, ngati zikudziwika)
• Nthawi yomwe imamezedwa kapena kupumira
• Kuchuluka kumeza kapena kupuma

Malo omwe muli poizoni kwanuko atha kufikiridwa mwachindunji mwa kuyimbira foni nambala yaulere ya dziko lonse (1-800-222-1222) kuchokera kulikonse ku United States. Nambala yochezera iyi ikulolani kuti mulankhule ndi akatswiri pankhani yakupha. Akupatsani malangizo ena.

Uwu ndi ntchito yaulere komanso yachinsinsi. Malo onse oletsa poizoni ku United States amagwiritsa ntchito nambala iyi. Muyenera kuyimba ngati muli ndi mafunso aliwonse okhudzana ndi poyizoni kapena kupewa poyizoni. SIYENERA kukhala mwadzidzidzi. Mutha kuyimba pazifukwa zilizonse, maola 24 patsiku, masiku 7 pasabata.

Tengani chidebecho kuchipatala, ngati zingatheke.

Woperekayo amayesa ndikuwunika zizindikilo zofunika za munthuyo, kuphatikiza kutentha, kugunda, kupuma, komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi. Zizindikiro zidzachiritsidwa.

Munthuyo akhoza kulandira:

• Kuyesa magazi ndi mkodzo
• Chithandizo chopumira, kuphatikiza mpweya woperekedwa kudzera mu chubu kudzera mkamwa kupita m'mapapu, ndi makina opumira (mpweya wabwino)
• Bronchoscopy: kamera yoyikidwa pakhosi kuti iwoneke pamayendedwe am'mlengalenga ndi m'mapapu
• X-ray pachifuwa
• ECG (electrocardiogram, kapena kutsata mtima)
• Zamadzimadzi kudzera mumtsempha (IV)
• Mankhwala ochizira zovuta za poyizoni
• Kusamba khungu (kuthirira), mwina kwa maola angapo kwa masiku angapo

Kwa opopera omwe ali ndi ma pyrethrins:

• Kuti muwone mosavuta kapena kupuma pang'ono, kuchira kuyenera kuchitika.
• Kuvuta kwambiri kupuma kumatha kusokoneza moyo wanu.

Kwa zopopera zomwe zili ndi DEET:

Pogwiritsidwa ntchito monga momwe tafotokozera pang'ono, DEET siyowopsa. Ndiwo tizilombo tomwe timakonda kutetezera kupewa matenda omwe udzudzu umafalitsa. Nthawi zambiri ndichisankho chanzeru kugwiritsa ntchito DEET kuthana ndi udzudzu, poyerekeza ndi chiwopsezo cha matenda aliwonse, ngakhale kwa amayi apakati.

Zovuta zazikulu zitha kuchitika ngati wina ameza chinthu chambiri cha DEET chomwe chili champhamvu kwambiri. Momwe munthuyo amachitira bwino zimadalira kuchuluka kwa zomwe anameza, kulimba kwake, komanso kulandira chithandizo mwachangu. Kugwidwa kumatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwaubongo ndipo mwina kufa.

Cullen MR. Mfundo zantchito komanso zachilengedwe. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 16.

Tekulve K, Tormoehlen LM, Walsh L. Poizoni komanso matenda opatsirana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mu: Swaiman KF, Ashwal S, Ferriero DM, et al, olemba. Swaiman's Pediatric Neurology: Mfundo ndi Zochita. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Zowonjezera; 2017: mutu 156.

Welker K, Thompson TM. Mankhwala. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 157.