Poizoni - nsomba ndi nkhono

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza gulu lazikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chodya nsomba ndi nsomba za m'madzi. Chofala kwambiri mwa izi ndi poyizoni wa ciguatera, poyizoni wa scombroid, ndi poyizoni wa nkhono zingapo.

Nkhaniyi ndi yongodziwa zambiri. MUSAMAGWIRITSE NTCHITO pofuna kuchiza kapena kusamalira poizoni weniweni. Ngati inu kapena munthu amene muli naye muli ndi chidziwitso, itanani nambala yanu yadzidzidzi (monga 911), kapena malo omwe muli poizoni kwanuko atha kufikiridwa mwachindunji poyimbira foni ya nambala yaulere ya Poison Help (1-800-222-1222) kuchokera kulikonse ku United States.

Mu poyizoni wa ciguatera, chomwenso ndi chakupha ndi ciguatoxin. Ichi ndi poizoni wopangidwa pang'ono ndi zamoyo zina zonga ndere zomwe zimatchedwa dinoflagellates. Nsomba zazing'ono zomwe zimadya nderezo zimaipitsidwa. Ngati nsomba zikuluzikulu zimadya nsomba zing'onozing'ono, zowola, chiphe chimatha kufika pamlingo wowopsa, zomwe zingakupangitseni kudwala mukadya nsombayo. Ciguatoxin "amatha kutentha." Izi zikutanthauza kuti zilibe kanthu kuti mumaphika bwino bwanji nsomba zanu, ngati nsomba zaipitsidwa, mudzakhala ndi poizoni.

Mu poizoni wa scombroid, chophatikizira chakupha ndi kuphatikiza kwa histamine ndi zinthu zofananira. Nsombazo zikafa, mabakiteriya amapanga poizoni wochuluka ngati nsombayo sinali mufiriji kapena kuzizira nthawi yomweyo.

Mu poizoni wa nkhono, zosakaniza zakupha ndi poizoni wopangidwa ndi zamoyo zonga ndere zotchedwa dinoflagellates, zomwe zimapezeka m'mitundu ina ya nsomba. Pali mitundu yambiri ya poizoni wa nkhono. Mitundu yodziwika bwino kwambiri ndi poizoni wa nkhono zouma ziwalo, poyizoni wa nkhono, ndi poyizoni wamchere wamchere.

Poizoni wa Ciguatera nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu nsomba zikuluzikulu kuchokera kumadzi otentha otentha. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya nsomba zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popatsa chakudya ndi monga bass, sea grouper, ndi red snapper. Ku United States, madzi ozungulira Florida ndi Hawaii nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nsomba zowononga. Padziko lonse lapansi, poyizoni wa nsomba za ciguatera ndiye poyizoni wofala kwambiri wochokera kuma biotoxins am'madzi. Ili ndiye vuto lalikulu lathanzi ku Caribbean.

Chiwopsezo chimakhala chachikulu m'miyezi ya chilimwe, kapena nthawi iliyonse kuchuluka kwa ndere zomwe zikufalikira m'nyanja, monga nthawi ya "mafunde ofiira." Mafunde ofiira amachitika pakakhala kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa ma dinoflagellates m'madzi. Komabe, chifukwa cha mayendedwe amakono, aliyense padziko lapansi atha kudya nsomba kuchokera m'madzi owonongeka.

Kawirikawiri poizoni wa Scombroid amapezeka kuchokera ku nsomba zazikulu, zakuda monga nsomba, mackerel, mahi mahi, ndi albacore. Chifukwa chakuti poizoni uyu amayamba nsomba zikagwidwa ndikufa, zilibe kanthu kuti nsomba ija wagwidwa kuti. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikuti nsomba zimakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji zisanakhazikike mufiriji kapena kuzizira.

Monga poyizoni wa ciguatera, zipolopolo zambiri za nkhono zimapezeka m'madzi otentha. Komabe, poizoni wachitika kumpoto chakwe ku Alaska ndipo ndi wamba ku New England. Zipolopolo zambiri za nkhono zam'madzi zimapezeka m'miyezi yachilimwe. Mwina mudamvapo mawu oti "Musadye nsomba zam'nyanja m'miyezi yomwe ilibe chilembo R." Izi zikuphatikiza Meyi mpaka Ogasiti. Poizoni wa nkhono wam'madzi amapezeka m'nyanja zam'madzi zokhala ndi zipolopolo ziwiri, monga ziphuphu, nkhono, mamazelo, ndipo nthawi zina ma scallops.

Nthawi zonse funsani ku dipatimenti yazaumoyo yakwanuko kapena bungwe la nsomba ndi nyama zamtchire ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza chitetezo cha chakudya chilichonse.

Zinthu zovulaza zomwe zimayambitsa ciguatera, scombroid, ndi zipolopolo za nkhono zimakhala zotentha, motero kuphika kulikonse sikungakutetezeni kuti musadye poizoni mukamadya nsomba zodetsa. Zizindikiro zimadalira mtundu wina wa poyizoni.

Zizindikiro za poyizoni za Ciguatera zimatha kuchitika maola awiri kapena 12 mutadya nsombazo. Zikuphatikizapo:

• Kupweteka m'mimba
• Kutsekula m'mimba (koopsa komanso kwamadzi)
• Nseru ndi kusanza

Zizindikirozi zitangoyamba kumene, mudzayamba kumva zachilendo, zomwe zingaphatikizepo:

• Kumva kuti mano ako ndi otayirira ndipo atsala pang'ono kutha
• Kutentha kotentha komanso kozizira (mwachitsanzo, mumva ngati kiyibodi ikutentha, pomwe machesi akuzizira khungu lanu)
• Mutu (mwina chizindikiro chofala kwambiri)
• Kutsika kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi (pamavuto akulu)
• Kukoma kwachitsulo mkamwa

Zizindikiro izi zitha kukulirakulira mukamamwa mowa ndi chakudya chanu.

Zizindikiro za poyizoni wa Scombroid nthawi zambiri zimachitika atangomaliza kudya nsombazo. Zitha kuphatikiza:

• Mavuto opumira, kuphatikiza kufinya ndi chifuwa (pamavuto akulu)
• Khungu lofiira kwambiri kumaso ndi thupi
• Kuthamanga
• Ming'oma ndi kuyabwa
• Nseru ndi kusanza
• Peppery kapena kulawa kowawa

M'munsimu muli mitundu ina yodziwika bwino ya poizoni wa m'madzi, ndi zizindikilo zake.

Ziwombankhanga za poizoni wa nkhono: Pafupifupi mphindi 30 mutadya zakudya zam'madzi zoyipa, mutha kukhala ndi dzanzi kapena kumva mkamwa. Kumverera kumeneku kumatha kufalikira mpaka m'manja ndi miyendo yanu. Mutha kukhala ndi chizungulire, kupweteka mutu, ndipo nthawi zina, mikono ndi miyendo yanu imatha kufooka kwakanthawi. Anthu ena amathanso kukhala ndi nseru, kusanza, ndi kutsekula m'mimba, ngakhale izi sizodziwika kwenikweni.

Poizoni wa nkhono za Neurotoxic: Zizindikiro zake ndizofanana kwambiri ndi za poyizoni wa ciguatera. Mukatha kudya ziphuphu kapena mamazelo, mudzakhala ndi nseru, kusanza, ndi kutsegula m'mimba. Zizindikirozi zimatsatiridwa posachedwa ndikumverera kwachilendo komwe kungaphatikizepo kufooka kapena kumenyedwa pakamwa panu, kupweteka mutu, chizungulire, komanso kusintha kwa kutentha ndi kuzizira.

Poizoni wa nkhono za Amnesic: Uwu ndi mawonekedwe achilendo komanso achilendo omwe amayamba ndi nseru, kusanza, ndi kutsegula m'mimba. Zizindikirozi zimatsatiridwa ndikutha kukumbukira kwakanthawi, ndi zina zomwe sizodziwika bwino zamanjenje.

Poizoni wa nkhono zitha kukhala zachipatala. Munthu amene ali ndi zizindikiro zoopsa kapena mwadzidzidzi ayenera kupita naye kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Mungafunikire kuyimbira nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko (monga 911) kapena kuwongolera poyizoni kuti mudziwe zambiri zamankhwala.

Mfundo zotsatirazi ndi zothandiza pakagwa tsoka:

• Msinkhu wa munthu, kulemera kwake, ndi momwe alili
• Mtundu wa nsomba zodyedwa
• Nthawi idadyedwa
• Kuchuluka kumeza

Komabe, MUSachedwe kupempha thandizo ngati izi sizikupezeka nthawi yomweyo.

Malo omwe muli poizoni kwanuko atha kufikiridwa mwachindunji mwa kuyimbira foni nambala yaulere ya dziko lonse (1-800-222-1222) kuchokera kulikonse ku United States. Akupatsani malangizo ena.

Uwu ndi ntchito yaulere komanso yachinsinsi. Malo onse oletsa poizoni ku United States amagwiritsa ntchito nambala iyi. Muyenera kuyimba ngati muli ndi mafunso aliwonse okhudzana ndi poyizoni kapena kupewa poyizoni. Mutha kuyimba maola 24 patsiku, masiku 7 pasabata.

Ngati muli ndi poyizoni wa ciguatera, mutha kulandira:

• Kuyesa magazi ndi mkodzo
• EKG (electrocardiogram, kapena kutsata mtima)
• Madzi a IV (kudzera mumitsempha)
• Mankhwala oletsa kusanza
• Mankhwala othandizira kuchepetsa zizindikilo zamanjenje (mannitol)

Ngati muli ndi poyizoni wa scombroid, mutha kulandira:

• Thandizo la airway, kuphatikiza oxygen, chubu lopumira mkamwa (intubation), ndi makina opumira (mpweya wabwino)
• Kuyesa magazi ndi mkodzo
• EKG (electrocardiogram, kapena kutsata mtima)
• Madzi a IV (kudzera mumitsempha)
• Mankhwala oletsa kusanza
• Mankhwala othandiza kuthana ndi zovuta (ngati zingafunike), kuphatikiza Benadryl

Ngati muli ndi poyizoni wa nkhono, mutha kulandira:

• Kuyesa magazi ndi mkodzo
• EKG (electrocardiogram, kapena kutsata mtima)
• Madzi a IV (kudzera mumitsempha)
• Mankhwala oletsa kusanza

Ngati poyizoni wa nkhono amayambitsa ziwalo, mungafunikire kukhala m'chipatala mpaka matenda anu atakula.

Nsomba ndi nkhono za poizoni zimachitika nthawi zina ku United States. Mungadziteteze popewa nsomba ndi nsomba zomwe zimagwidwa m'malo ozungulira ofiira odziwika, komanso popewa zipolopolo, mamazelo, ndi nkhono m'nyengo yotentha. Ngati muli ndi poizoni, zotsatira zanu zazitali nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabwino.

Zizindikiro za poyizoni wa Scombroid nthawi zambiri zimangokhala kwa maola ochepa mankhwala atayamba. Zizindikiro za poyizoni wa Ciguatera ndi zipolopolo za nkhono zitha kukhala masiku angapo mpaka milungu, kutengera kukula kwa poyizoni. Sizingatheke kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa kapena kufa.

Palibe njira yoti munthu amene akukonza chakudyacho adziwe kuti chakudya chake chaipitsidwa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti wothandizira zaumoyo wanu auze odyerawo chakudya chawo chawonongeka kuti athe kuchiponya anthu ena asadadwa. Woperekayo akuyeneranso kulumikizana ndi a Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo kuti awonetsetse kuti omwe akupereka nsomba zowonongekazo azindikirika ndikuwonongeka.

Kupha nsomba; Poizoni wa dinoflagellate; Kuwonongeka kwa nsomba; Ziwalo chiphe; Ciguatera poyizoni

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