Kuchotsa khungu

Kuchotsa kwa cataract ndiko kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti muchotse mandala okhala ndi mitambo (cataract) m'diso. Matenda amachotsedwa kuti akuthandizeni kuwona bwino. Njirayi nthawi zambiri imaphatikizapo kuyika mandala (IOL) m'maso.

Kuchita opareshoni ya cataract ndi njira yochiritsira odwala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simusowa kuti mugone kuchipatala. Kuchita opaleshoniyi kumachitika ndi ophthalmologist. Uyu ndi dokotala yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito matenda amaso ndikuchita opareshoni yamaso.

Akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amakhala atcheru kuti achite izi. Mankhwala osungunula (mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo) amaperekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito eyedrops kapena kuwombera. Izi zimalepheretsa kupweteka. Mupezanso mankhwala okuthandizani kupumula. Ana nthawi zambiri amalandila dzanzi. Awa ndi mankhwala omwe amawagonetsa tulo tofa nato kuti amve kuwawa.

Dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu yapadera kuti ayang'ane diso. Kudula pang'ono (dulani) kumapangidwa m'maso.

Magalasi amachotsedwa mwanjira izi, kutengera mtundu wamaso:

• Phacoemulsification: Ndi njirayi, adotolo amagwiritsa ntchito chida chomwe chimapanga mafunde akumveka kuti aphwanye mathithiwo mzidutswa tating'ono. Zidutswazo kenako zimatulutsidwa. Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito pang'ono.
• Kuchotsa kwina: Dotolo amagwiritsa ntchito chida chaching'ono kuti achotse nthendayi makamaka chidutswa chimodzi. Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito kudula pang'ono.
• Opaleshoni ya Laser: Dotolo amatsogolera makina omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya laser kuti achepetse ndikuchepetsa khungu. Opaleshoni yonseyi ili ngati phacoemulsification. Kugwiritsa ntchito laser m'malo mwa mpeni (scalpel) kutha kuchira msanga komanso kukhala kolondola.

Katarayo atachotsedwa, mandala opangidwa ndi anthu, otchedwa intraocular lens (IOL), nthawi zambiri amaikidwa m'maso kuti abwezeretse mphamvu yoyang'ana m'diso lakale (cataract). Zimathandiza kukonza masomphenya anu.

Dokotala amatha kutseka chembacho ndi timitengo tating'ono kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, njira yodziyimitsira (sutureless) imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati muli ndi ulusi, angafunikire kuchotsedwa pambuyo pake.

Kuchita opareshoni kumatenga nthawi yochepera theka la ola. Nthawi zambiri, diso limodzi lokha limachitika. Ngati muli ndi mathithi m'maso onse awiri, dokotala wanu atha kupereka lingaliro loti mudikire osachepera 1 mpaka 2 sabata pakati pa opaleshoni iliyonse.

Magalasi abwinobwino amaso ndi omveka (owonekera). Ngwala ikukula, mandala amakhala amitambo. Izi zimalepheretsa kuwala kulowa m'diso lanu. Popanda kuwala kokwanira, simungathe kuwona bwino.

Matenda opweteketsa mtima samva kuwawa. Amawonekera kwambiri kwa achikulire. Nthawi zina, ana amabadwa nawo. Kuchita opareshoni ya cataract kumachitika nthawi zambiri ngati simukuwona bwino chifukwa cha ng'ala. Matenda opatsirana samapweteketsa diso lanu, chifukwa chake inu ndi dokotala wanu wamaso mutha kusankha nthawi yomwe opaleshoni ingakhale yoyenera kwa inu.

Nthawi zambiri, mandala onse sangathe kuchotsedwa. Izi zikachitika, njira yochotsera zidutswa zonse za mandala idzachitika mtsogolo. Pambuyo pake, masomphenya amatha kupitilizidwa.

Zovuta zosowa kwambiri zimatha kuphatikizira matenda ndikutuluka magazi. Izi zitha kubweretsa mavuto osatha.

Musanachite opareshoni, mudzayezetsa maso anu ndi kuyezetsa maso ndi dokotala wa maso.

Dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito ultrasound kapena chipangizo chowunikira laser kuti ayese diso lanu. Mayesowa amathandizira kudziwa IOL yabwino kwambiri kwa inu. Nthawi zambiri, adotolo amayesa kusankha IOL yomwe ingakuthandizeni kuti muwone popanda magalasi kapena magalasi atatha opaleshoni. Ma IOL ena amakupatsirani masomphenya akutali komanso pafupi, koma si a aliyense. Funsani dokotala wanu zomwe zili zabwino kwa inu. Onetsetsani kuti mukumvetsetsa momwe masomphenya anu adzakhalire ikadzakhazikika IOL. Komanso, onetsetsani kuti mukufunsa mafunso kuti mudziwe zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera pa opaleshoniyi.

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani eyedrops musanachite opaleshoni. Tsatirani malangizo ndendende momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito madontho.

Musanapite kunyumba, mungalandire zotsatirazi:

• Chidutswa chovala m'diso lanu mpaka kukayezetsa
• Maso kuti ateteze matenda, kuthandizira kutupa, ndi kuthandizira kuchiritsa

Muyenera kuti wina akuyendetseni kunyumba mukatha opaleshoni.

Nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi kafukufuku wotsatira ndi dokotala tsiku lotsatira. Ngati munali ndi zokopa, muyenera kupanga nthawi kuti muchotsedwe.

Malangizo othandizira kuchira pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya cataract:

• Valani magalasi akuda kunja mutachotsa chigamba.
• Sambani m'manja musanadye komanso mutagwiritsa ntchito eyedrops ndikukhudza diso lanu. Yesetsani kuti musatenge sopo ndi madzi m'diso lanu mukamasamba kapena kusamba m'masiku oyamba.
• Ntchito zowala ndizabwino mukamachira. Funsani dokotala musanachite chilichonse chovuta, kuyambiranso kugonana, kapena kuyendetsa galimoto.

Kubwezeretsa kumatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri. Ngati mukufuna magalasi atsopano kapena magalasi olumikizirana, mutha kuzikonzekeretsa nthawi imeneyo. Pitirizani ulendo wanu wotsatira ndi dokotala wanu.

Anthu ambiri amachita bwino ndipo amachira msanga pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni ya khungu.

Ngati munthu ali ndi mavuto ena amaso, monga glaucoma kapena macular degeneration, opareshoniyo imatha kukhala yovuta kwambiri kapena zotsatira zake sizingakhale zabwino.

Kuchotsa khungu; Opaleshoni ya cataract

• Chitetezo cha bafa cha akulu
• Matendawa - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• Kupewa kugwa
• Kuteteza kugwa - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu

• Diso
• Kudula nyali
• Cataract - kutseka kwa diso
• Katemera
• Opaleshoni ya cataract - mndandanda
• Chishango cha diso

Tsamba la American Academy of Ophthalmology. Mitundu Yoyeserera Yoyeserera Cataract ndi Gawo Lapakati, Hoskins Center for Quality Eye Care. Cataract m'maso akulu PPP - 2016. www.aao.org/preferred-practice-pattern/cataract-in-adult-eye-ppp-2016. Idasinthidwa mu Okutobala 2016. Idapezeka pa Seputembara 4, 2019.

Tsamba la National Eye Institute. Zokhudza zakuthambo. www.nei.nih.gov/health/cataract/cataract_facts. Idasinthidwa pa Ogasiti 3, 2019. Idapezeka pa Seputembara 4, 2019.

Salimoni JF. Mandala. Mu: Salmon JF, mkonzi. Kanski's Clinical Ophthalmology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: mutu 10.

Tipperman R. Akugwidwa. Mu: Gault JA, Vander JF, olemba., Eds. Zinsinsi za Ophthalmology mu Mtundu. Wolemba 4. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: mutu 21.