Kutuluka magazi

Kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno ndikutaya magazi kuchokera m'mphuno zomwe zili m'mphuno. Kutuluka magazi nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'mphuno limodzi lokha.

Kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno ndi kofala kwambiri. Mphuno zambiri zimatuluka chifukwa chakukwiyitsa pang'ono kapena chimfine.

Mphuno mumakhala timitsempha tating'ono tambiri tomwe timatuluka magazi mosavuta. Mpweya woyenda kupyola mphuno ukhoza kuuma ndi kukwiyitsa nembanemba yomwe ili mkati mwa mphuno. Ziphuphu zimatha kutuluka magazi zikakwiyitsidwa. Mphuno ya magazi imapezeka kawirikawiri m'nyengo yozizira, pamene mavairasi ozizira amapezeka ndipo mpweya wamkati umakhala wouma.

Mphuno zambiri zimatuluka kutsogolo kwa mphuno. Ichi ndiye chidutswa cha minyewa yomwe imalekanitsa mbali ziwiri za mphuno. Mtundu wa kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno ndikosavuta kwa akatswiri ophunzitsidwa kusiya. Pafupifupi, magazi amatuluka m'mimba amatuluka pamwamba pa septum kapena mkatikati mwa mphuno monga m'mphuno kapena pansi pa chigaza. Kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno koteroko kumakhala kovuta kuwongolera. Komabe, kutuluka magazi m'mphuno sikuti kumawopseza moyo.

Kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi:

• Kukwiya chifukwa cha ziwengo, chimfine, kuyetsemula kapena mavuto a sinus
• Kuzizira kwambiri kapena mpweya wouma
• Kuwombera mphuno mwamphamvu kwambiri, kapena kutola mphuno
• Kuvulaza mphuno, kuphatikizapo mphuno yosweka, kapena chinthu cholumikizidwa mphuno
• Sinus kapena opaleshoni ya pituitary (transsphenoidal)
• Sepptum yopatuka
• Mankhwala oyambitsa mankhwala kuphatikizapo mankhwala kapena mankhwala omwe amapopera kapena kupopera
• Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala opopera m'mphuno
• Chithandizo cha oxygen kudzera m'mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno mobwerezabwereza kumatha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda ena monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, kusowa magazi, kapena chotupa cha mphuno kapena sinus. Ochepetsa magazi, monga warfarin (Coumadin), clopidogrel (Plavix), kapena aspirin, atha kuyambitsa kapena kukulitsa magazi.

Kuyimitsa kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno:

• Khalani pansi ndikufinya pang'ono gawo lofewa la mphuno pakati pa chala chanu chachikulu ndi chala chanu (kuti mphuno zitseke) kwa mphindi 10 zonse.
• Yambirani kutsogolo kuti mupewe kumeza magazi ndikupuma kudzera mkamwa mwanu.
• Dikirani osachepera mphindi 10 musanawone ngati magazi ayimilira. Onetsetsani kuti mulola nthawi yokwanira kuti magazi ayime.

Zitha kuthandizira kupaka ozizira kapena ayezi kudutsa mlatho wa mphuno. Osanyamula mkatikati mwa mphuno ndi yopyapyala.

Kugona pansi ndikutulutsa magazi m'mphuno ndikosavomerezeka. Muyenera kupewa kununkhiza kapena kuwomba mphuno kwa maola angapo mutatuluka m'mphuno. Ngati magazi akupitilira, mankhwala opatsirana m'mphuno (Afrin, Neo-Synephrine) nthawi zina amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutseka zotengera zazing'ono ndikuwongolera kutuluka kwa magazi.

Zomwe mungachite kuti mupewe kutuluka magazi pafupipafupi ndi monga:

• Sungani nyumba yanu kukhala yozizira ndikugwiritsa ntchito vaporizer kuwonjezera chinyezi mumlengalenga.
• Gwiritsani ntchito utsi wothira m'mphuno komanso mafuta osungunuka ndi madzi (monga Ayr gel) kuti mupewe mapangidwe amkati amphongo m'nyengo yozizira.

Pezani chithandizo chadzidzidzi ngati:

• Kutuluka magazi sikuima patadutsa mphindi 20.
• Kutuluka magazi pamphuno kumachitika pambuyo povulala pamutu. Izi zitha kutanthauza kuthyoka kwa chigaza, ndipo ma x-ray ayenera kutengedwa.
• Mphuno yako imatha kuthyoka (mwachitsanzo, imawoneka yokhotakhota ikamenyedwa pamphuno kapena kuvulala kwina).
• Mukumwa mankhwala kuti magazi anu asamaundane (owonda magazi).
• Mudakhala ndi zotuluka m'mphuno m'mbuyomu zomwe zimafunikira chisamaliro chapadera.

Imbani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati:

• Inu kapena mwana wanu mumakhala ndi magazi ambiri m'mphuno
• Mphuno za m'mphuno sizimayenderana ndi chimfine kapena zovuta zina zazing'ono
• Kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno kumachitika pambuyo pa sinus kapena opaleshoni ina

Woperekayo ayesa mayeso. Nthawi zina, mutha kuyang'aniridwa ndi zizindikilo zakuchepa kwa magazi chifukwa chotaya magazi, omwe amatchedwanso hypovolemic shock (izi ndizochepa).

Mutha kukhala ndi mayeso otsatirawa:

• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi
• Nasal endoscopy (kuyesa mphuno pogwiritsa ntchito kamera)
• Kuyesa kwakanthawi kwa thromboplastin
• Nthawi ya Prothrombin (PT)
• Kujambula kwa CT mphuno ndi sinus

Mtundu wa mankhwala omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito azitengera zomwe zimatulutsa magazi m'mphuno. Chithandizo chingaphatikizepo:

• Kulamulira kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Kutseka chotengera chamagazi pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha, mphamvu yamagetsi, kapena timitengo ta siliva ta nitrate
• Mphuno kulongedza
• Kuchepetsa mphuno yosweka kapena kuchotsa thupi lachilendo
• Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi kapena kuyimitsa aspirin
• Kuchiza mavuto omwe amaletsa magazi anu kuti asamaumbike bwino

Mungafunike kuwona khutu, mphuno, ndi mmero (ENT, otolaryngologist) katswiri kuti mupimenso mayeso ndi chithandizo.

Kutuluka magazi kuchokera pamphuno; Epistaxis

• Kutuluka magazi
• Kutuluka magazi

Pfaff JA, Moore GP. Otolaryngology. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 62.

Savage S.Kuwongolera kwa epistaxis. Mu: Fowler GC, mkonzi. Njira za Pfenninger ndi Fowler Zoyang'anira Poyamba. Wolemba 4. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 205.

Simmen DB, Jones NS. Epistaxis. Mu: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, olemba. Cummings Otolaryngology: Opaleshoni ya Mutu ndi Khosi. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 42.