Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Zotsatira za Dialysis

Zamkati

• Kodi mitundu ya dialysis ndi yotani?
• Kutulutsa magazi
• Peritoneal dialysis
• Kupitiliza kusintha kwa impso (CRRT)
• Zotsatira zake zoyipa ndi mtundu wa dialysis ndi ziti?
• Kutulutsa magazi
• Peritoneal dialysis
• Kupitiliza kusintha kwa impso (CRRT)
• Kodi pali mankhwala amtundu wa dialysis?
• Kodi malingaliro a anthu omwe ali ndi zovuta kuchokera ku dialysis ndi otani?
• Kutenga

Dialysis ndi mankhwala opulumutsa moyo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso. Mukayamba dialysis, mutha kukhala ndi zovuta monga kutsika kwa magazi, kusamvana kwa mchere, kuundana kwamagazi, matenda, kunenepa, ndi zina zambiri.

Gulu lanu losamalira lingakuthandizeni kuthana ndi zovuta zambiri za dialysis kuti zisatsogolere ku zovuta zazitali.

Munkhaniyi, tiona zotsatira zoyipa za dialysis, kuphatikiza chifukwa chake zimachitika komanso momwe angachepetsere panthawi ya chithandizo.

Kodi mitundu ya dialysis ndi yotani?

Dialysis ndi njira yothandizira odwala omwe ali ndi fyuluta yotsika ya impso ndikuyeretsa magazi awo. Chomwe chimafala kwambiri chomwe chimafuna dialysis ndi impso kulephera. Pali mitundu itatu ya dialysis.

Kutulutsa magazi

Hemodialysis imagwiritsa ntchito makina otchedwa hemodialyzer kusefa zinyalala m'magazi.

Asanayambe hemodialysis, doko lolowera limapangidwa kwinakwake pathupi, monga mkono kapena khosi. Izi zimalumikizidwa ndi hemodialyzer, yomwe imagwira ntchito ngati impso yokumba kuchotsa magazi, kuyeretsa, ndikusefa m'thupi.

Peritoneal dialysis

Peritoneal dialysis imafunikira kuyika kwa katemera wam'mimba. Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito kusefera kwamkati mkati mwa m'mimba kuti muzisefa ndikuyeretsa magazi. Timadziti, totchedwa dialysate, timakhala mkati mwa kabowo kenakake ndipo kamatenga moyenerera zonyansa zamagazi zikamazungulira.

Chamadzimadzi chikachita ntchito yake, chimatha kukhetsedwa ndikuchotsedwa, ndipo njirayo imayambiranso.

Peritoneal dialysis itha kuchitidwa mnyumba mwanu ndipo nthawi zina imagwiridwa usiku wonse mutagona.

Kupitiliza kusintha kwa impso (CRRT)

Mankhwala opatsirana a impso, omwe amadziwikanso kuti hemofiltration, amagwiritsanso ntchito makina kusefa zinyalala m'magazi.

Mankhwalawa, omwe nthawi zambiri amasungidwa chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso koyambitsa matenda ena, amangochitika kuchipatala.

Zotsatira zake zoyipa ndi mtundu wa dialysis ndi ziti?

Kwa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la impso, dialysis ndiyofunikira. Komabe, pali zoopsa ndi zoyipa zomwe zimatsatira mankhwalawa.

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri za njira zonse za dialysis ndikutopa. Zotsatira zina zamtundu wa mankhwala ndi monga:

Kutulutsa magazi

• Kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena hypotension, panthawi ya hemodialysis kumachitika chifukwa chakumwa kwakanthawi kwamadzimadzi mukamalandira chithandizo. Ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatsika mukamalandira chithandizo, mutha kuzindikiranso chizungulire, nseru, khungu lamaso, komanso kusawona bwino.
• Kupweteka kwa minofu. Zilonda zam'mimba zimatha kuchitika nthawi ya dialysis chifukwa chosintha kwamadzimadzi kapena mchere. Magulu otsika a sodium, magnesium, calcium, ndi potaziyamu amatha kuthandizira kupindika kwa minofu.
• Khungu loyabwa. Pakati pa magawo a hemodialysis, zinyalala zimatha kudziunjikira m'magazi. Kwa anthu ena, izi zimatha kubweretsa khungu loyabwa. Ngati kuyamwa kuli m'miyendo, kumathanso chifukwa cha matenda amiyendo yopuma.
• Kuundana kwamagazi. Nthawi zina, kukhazikitsa njira yolowera kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa mitsempha yamagazi. Izi zikapanda kuthandizidwa, izi zimatha kutupa kumtunda kwa thupi kapenanso kuundana kwamagazi.
• Matenda. Kuyika pafupipafupi masingano kapena ma catheters panthawi ya dialysis kumatha kukulitsa kupezeka kwa mabakiteriya. Ngati mabakiteriya amalowa m'magazi panthawi yachipatala, mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda kapena sepsis. Popanda kulandira chithandizo mwachangu, sepsis imatha kubweretsa imfa.
• Zotsatira zina zoyipa. Zowopsa zina ndi zoyipa za hemodialysis zitha kuphatikizira kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, kugona movutikira, matenda amtima, kapena kumangidwa kwamtima. Zambiri mwa zotsatirazi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusayenerera kwa madzi ndi mchere komwe dialysis ingayambitse.

Peritoneal dialysis

Zina kupatula chiopsezo chotenga matenda, zovuta za peritoneal dialysis zoyipa ndizosiyana pang'ono ndi za hemodialysis.

• Matenda a m'mimba. Peritonitis ndi matenda a peritoneum omwe amachitika ngati mabakiteriya amalowa mu peritoneum panthawi yolowetsa catheter kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Zizindikiro za peritonitis zimatha kuphatikiza kupweteka m'mimba, kufatsa, kuphulika, nseru, ndi kutsekula m'mimba.
• Hernia. Hernia imachitika pamene chiwalo kapena minofu yamafuta imadutsa pamitsempha ya minofu. Anthu omwe amalandira peritoneal dialysis ali pachiwopsezo chotenga chotupa m'mimba chifukwa dialysate imapanikiza kwambiri khoma lam'mimba. Chizindikiro chofala kwambiri ndi chotupa chochepa cham'mimba.
• Shuga wamagazi ambiri. Dialysate imakhala ndi shuga wotchedwa dextrose, yemwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri mukamadya minyewa. Ziweto monga dextrose zimakulitsa shuga wamagazi, omwe amatha kuyika anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe amafunikira peritoneal dialysis pachiwopsezo cha hyperglycemia.
• Potaziyamu wapamwamba. High potaziyamu, yotchedwa hyperkalemia, ndi gawo lofala la impso kulephera. Pakati pa magawo a dialysis, potaziyamu yanu imatha kumangirizidwa chifukwa chosowa kusefera koyenera.
• Kulemera. Kunenepa kumathanso kupezeka chifukwa cha ma calories owonjezera ochokera ku dialysate. Komabe, pali zinthu zina zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingakhudzenso kunenepa nthawi ya dialysis, monga kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kupatsa thanzi.
• Zotsatira zina zoyipa. Kwa anthu ena, kupsinjika ndi kuda nkhawa kwamankhwala nthawi zonse kumatha kubweretsa kukhumudwa. Kafukufuku adatinso kulumikizana kotheka pakati pa dialysis ndi dementia pambuyo pake m'moyo.

Kupitiliza kusintha kwa impso (CRRT)

Zotsatira za CRRT sizinaphunzire mozama monga zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mitundu ina. Imodzi kuyambira 2015 idapeza kuti zovuta zoyipa kwambiri za CRRT zidaphatikizapo:

• ma calcium ochepa, otchedwa hypocalcemia
• milingo yambiri ya calcium, yotchedwa hypercalcemia
• kuchuluka kwa phosphorous, yotchedwa hyperphosphatemia
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• matendawo
• arrythmia
• kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi
• kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni, kapena thrombocytopenia

Kodi pali mankhwala amtundu wa dialysis?

Zotsatira zoyipa zambiri za dialysis, kuphatikizapo kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi zina mtima, zimachitika chifukwa cha kusowa kwa michere panthawi yachithandizo. Katswiri wazakudya zovomerezeka amatha kupereka malangizo oyenera azakudya, kuphatikiza zomwe mungadye komanso zomwe muyenera kupewa.

Zinthu zina zomwe mungachite kunyumba kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha zotsatira za dialysis ndi monga:

• kuwunika tsamba lanu lopezeka pafupipafupi, lomwe lingathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda
• kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi okwanira, monga masewera olimbitsa thupi otsika pang'ono, omwe angathandize kuchepetsa kunenepa
• kumwa madzi kapena zakumwa malinga ndi malangizo a omwe amakupatsani zaumoyo, omwe amatha kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi
• kukhala ndi magawo a dialysis pafupipafupi, omwe awonetsa kuti amachepetsa chiopsezo chotsika magazi komanso kunenepa
• kusangalala ndi zomwe mumakonda, zomwe zimatha kukulimbikitsani munthawi yonse yamankhwala

Ngakhale zovuta za dialysis ndizofala modabwitsa, ndikofunikira kuti gulu lanu losamalira lizidziwa chilichonse chomwe mungakumane nacho. Funsani chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo ngati mukumane ndi izi:

• kuvuta kupuma
• chisokonezo kapena vuto lakulingalira
• kupweteka, kufiira, kapena kutupa m'miyendo
• malungo pamwamba pa 101 ° F
• kutaya chidziwitso

Zizindikirozi zimatha kuphatikizidwa ndi hypotension, hyperglycemia, magazi kuundana, kapena matenda akulu ndipo amafunikira chithandizo mwachangu.

Kodi malingaliro a anthu omwe ali ndi zovuta kuchokera ku dialysis ndi otani?

Ngati mukulephera impso ndipo impso zanu sizigwiranso ntchito, mungafunike dialysis kwa moyo wanu wonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mutha kukhala ndi zizindikiro za dialysis pafupipafupi. Komabe, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wathunthu pothana ndi zizindikilo zanu mothandizidwa ndi omwe mumawasamalira.

Kutenga

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri za hemodialysis zimaphatikizira kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda opatsirana malo, kukokana kwa minofu, khungu loyabwa, ndi kuundana kwamagazi. Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri za peritoneal dialysis zimaphatikizapo peritonitis, hernia, kusintha kwa magazi m'magazi, kusamvana kwa potaziyamu, ndi kunenepa.

Nenani zisonyezo zomwe mumakumana nazo mukamalandira chithandizo ku gulu lanu losamalira. Amatha kukuthandizani kuti muziwongolera pakusintha kwadongosolo komanso momwe amasinthira.

Mukawona zizindikiro zilizonse za kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi, shuga wambiri wamagazi, magazi kuundana, kapena matenda omwe akufalikira, muyenera kupita kuchipatala mwachangu.