Kuyenda molakwika

Kuyenda modabwitsa ndizoyenda modabwitsa komanso kosalamulirika. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda kapena kuvulala kwa miyendo, mapazi, ubongo, msana, kapena khutu lamkati.

Chitsanzo cha momwe munthu amayendera chimatchedwa gait. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamavuto oyenda imachitika popanda munthu kuwongolera. Zambiri, koma osati zonse, zimachitika chifukwa chakuthupi.

Zovuta zina zoyenda zapatsidwa mayina:

• Kuyendetsa - wopendekeka, wolimba mutu ndi khosi mopindika patsogolo
• Zingwe zimayenda - miyendo imasinthasintha pang'ono m'chiuno ndi mawondo ngati kugwada, mawondo ndi ntchafu zikumenya kapena kuwoloka mu kuyenda ngati lumo
• Spastic gait - kuyenda kolimba, kokoka phazi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kupindika kwaimilambo yayitali mbali imodzi
• Gawo latsamba - phazi pomwe phazi limapachikidwa ndi zala zakulozetsa, ndikupangitsa kuti zala ziwononge pansi poyenda, zomwe zimafuna kuti wina akweze mwendo wapamwamba kuposa momwe amayendera
• Waddling gait - kuyenda ngati bakha komwe kumatha kuwoneka muubwana kapena mtsogolo m'moyo
• Ataxic, kapena yotakata, yopingasa - yopingasa mapazi osakhazikika, osasunthika, ndikuluka kapena kumenya mbama poyesera kuyenda
• Maginito amayenda - kusuntha ndikumverera ngati kuti amamatira pansi

Matenda osazolowereka amayamba chifukwa cha matenda m'malo osiyanasiyana amthupi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa zachilendo zimatha kuphatikiza:

• Matenda a nyamakazi a mwendo kapena phazi
• Matenda otembenuka (matenda amisala)
• Mavuto am'mapazi (monga callus, chimanga, zala zazing'ono, zotupa, kupweteka, zilonda pakhungu, kutupa, kapena kupuma)
• Fupa losweka
• Jekeseni mu minofu yomwe imayambitsa kupweteka mwendo kapena matako
• Matenda
• Kuvulala
• Miyendo yosiyana siyana
• Kutupa kapena kutupa kwa minofu (myositis)
• Zowala za Shin
• Mavuto a nsapato
• Kutupa kapena kutupa kwa tendon (tendinitis)
• Kuzungulira kwa testis
• Ubongo, msana, komanso matenda amitsempha

Mndandandawu mulibe zonse zomwe zimayambitsa mayendedwe achilendo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa zopindulitsa zapadera

Kuchita bwino:

• Mpweya wa carbon monoxide
• Poizoni wa manganese
• Matenda a Parkinson
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena, kuphatikiza phenothiazines, haloperidol, thiothixene, loxapine, ndi metoclopramide (nthawi zambiri, zosokoneza bongo ndizosakhalitsa)

Spastic kapena lumo amayenda:

• Kutupa kwa ubongo
• Ubongo kapena kupwetekedwa mutu
• Chotupa chaubongo
• Sitiroko
• Cerebral palsy
• Cervical spondylosis ndi myelopathy (vuto la ma vertebrae m'khosi)
• Kulephera kwa chiwindi
• Multiple sclerosis (MS)
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi (vuto lomwe mulibe maselo ofiira okwanira okwanira kuti apereke mpweya kumatupi amthupi)
• Matenda a msana
• Matenda a msana
• Neurosyphilis (matenda a bakiteriya aubongo kapena msana chifukwa cha syphilis)
• Syringomyelia (kusonkhanitsa kwa madzi amadzimadzi omwe amapezeka mumtsempha)

Gawo loyenda:

• Matenda a Guillain-Barre
• Lumbar disk ya Herniated
• Multiple sclerosis
• Kufooka kwa minofu ya tibia
• Matenda a Peroneal
• Poliyo
• Msana wovulala

Zomwe zimayendetsa:

• Kubadwa m'chiuno dysplasia
• Muscular dystrophy (gulu la zovuta zobadwa nazo zomwe zimayambitsa kufooka kwa minofu ndi kutayika kwa minofu)
• Matenda a minofu (myopathy)
• Matenda a msana

Ataxic, kapena yotakata, yoyenda:

• Acute cerebellar ataxia (kusayenda bwino kwa minofu chifukwa cha matenda kapena kuvulala kwa cerebellum muubongo)
• Kuledzera
• Kuvulala kwa ubongo
• Kuwonongeka kwa maselo amitsempha mu cerebellum ya ubongo (cerebellar degeneration)
• Mankhwala (phenytoin ndi mankhwala ena olanda)
• Polyneuropathy (kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yambiri, monga kumachitika ndi matenda ashuga)
• Sitiroko

Maginito mayendedwe:

• Zovuta zomwe zimakhudza mbali yakutsogolo ya ubongo
• Hydrocephalus (kutupa kwa ubongo)

Kuthana ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri kumathandizira magwiridwe antchito. Mwachitsanzo, mayendedwe abwinobwino kuchokera pachisokonezo mpaka gawo lina la mwendo adzapitanso patsogolo mwendo ukamachira.

Thandizo lakuthupi nthawi zambiri limathandizira pamavuto akanthawi kochepa kapena kwakanthawi. Therapy ichepetsa kuchepa kwa kugwa ndi kuvulala kwina.

Pazinthu zosazolowereka zomwe zimachitika ndikatembenuka mtima, upangiri ndi chithandizo kuchokera kwa abale ndikulimbikitsidwa kwambiri.

Pazoyendetsa:

• Limbikitsani munthuyo kuti akhale wodziyimira pawokha momwe angathere.
• Lolani nthawi yochuluka yochitira zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku, makamaka kuyenda. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli atha kugwa chifukwa alibe bwino ndipo nthawi zonse amayesetsa kuti awapeze.
• Perekani thandizo loyenda pazifukwa zachitetezo, makamaka pamalo osagwirizana.
• Onani wothandizira zakuthupi kuti akuthandizeni kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Kwa lumo:

• Anthu omwe ali ndi lumo nthawi zambiri amataya khungu. Kusamalira khungu kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupewa zilonda pakhungu.
• Zolimba za miyendo ndi nsapato zazitsulo zingathandize kuti phazi likhale loyenera kuyimirira ndikuyenda. Wothandizira thupi amatha kupereka izi ndikupereka chithandizo chazolimbitsa thupi, ngati pakufunika kutero.
• Mankhwala (opumulitsira minofu, mankhwala odana ndi kupindika) amatha kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa minofu.

Pazomwe zimachitika:

• Zochita zolimbikitsidwa zimalimbikitsidwa.
• Zolimba za miyendo ndi nsapato zazitsulo zingathandize kuti phazi likhale loyenera kuyimirira ndikuyenda. Wothandizira thupi amatha kupereka izi ndikupereka chithandizo chazolimbitsa thupi, ngati pakufunika kutero.
• Ndodo kapena kuyenda kumalimbikitsidwa kwa iwo omwe alibe bwino.
• Mankhwala (opumulitsira minofu, mankhwala odana ndi kupindika) amatha kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa minofu.

Pazigawo zotsalira:

• Muzipuma mokwanira. Kutopa kumatha kupangitsa munthu kupunthwa chala chakumapazi ndikugwa.
• Zolimba za miyendo ndi nsapato zazitsulo zingathandize kuti phazi likhale loyenera kuyimirira ndikuyenda. Wothandizira thupi amatha kupereka izi ndikupereka chithandizo chazolimbitsa thupi, ngati pakufunika kutero.

Kuti muyende bwino, tsatirani chithandizo chomwe wakupatsani.

Maginito gait chifukwa cha hydrocephalus, kuyenda kumatha kusintha pambuyo poti kutupa kwa ubongo kwathandizidwa.

Ngati pali chizindikiro chilichonse chazovuta zosalamulirika komanso zosadziwika bwino, itanani omwe akukuthandizani.

Wothandizirayo atenga mbiri yakuchipatala ndikuwunika.

Mafunso a mbiri yakale azachipatala atha kuphatikizira:

• Nthawi, monga pomwe vuto lidayamba, komanso ngati limabwera modzidzimutsa kapena pang'onopang'ono
• Mtundu wamavuto amtundu, monga awa omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa
• Zizindikiro zina, monga kupweteka ndi malo ake, kufooka, ngakhale pakhala pali matenda aposachedwa
• Ndi mankhwala ati omwe akutengedwa
• Mbiri yovulala, monga mwendo, mutu, kapena kuvulala msana
• Matenda ena monga poliyo, zotupa, sitiroko kapena mavuto ena am'mitsempha yamagazi
• Ngati pakhala pali mankhwala aposachedwa monga katemera, opareshoni, chemotherapy kapena radiation radiation
• Mbiri yakudziyimira pawokha komanso yabanja, monga zopindika kubadwa, matenda amanjenje, mavuto akukulira, mavuto a msana

Kuyesedwa kwakuthupi kumaphatikizanso kuyesa kwa minofu, mafupa, ndi mitsempha. Wosankhayo asankha mayesero ati oti achite kutengera zotsatira za kuyezetsa kwakuthupi.

Chitani zovuta

Magee DJ. Kuunika kwa gait. Mu: Magee DJ, mkonzi. Kuwunika Kwa Mafupa. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2014: mutu 14.

Thompson PD, Nutt JG. Matenda a Gait. Mu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, olemba. Neurology ya Bradley mu Kuchita Zachipatala. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 24.