Chikhalidwe cham'mimba

Chikhalidwe cha m'mimba ndimayeso owunika m'mimba mwa mwana mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa chifuwa chachikulu (TB).

Chubu chosinthasintha chimayikidwa mokoma kupyola mphuno za mwanayo komanso m'mimba. Mwanayo atha kupatsidwa kapu yamadzi ndikufunsidwa kuti amumeze pamene chubu chikuyikidwa. Chubu chikakhala m'mimba, wothandizira zaumoyo amagwiritsa ntchito jakisoni kuti achotse zina mwazomwe zili m'mimba.

Chubu chimachotsedwa modekha pamphuno. Chitsanzocho chimatumizidwa ku labu. Kumeneko, amaikidwa m'mbale yapadera yotchedwa sing'anga yachikhalidwe ndikuyang'anira kukula kwa mabakiteriya.

Mwana wanu ayenera kusala kudya kwa maola 8 mpaka 10 mayeso asanayesedwe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwana wanu sangadye ndikumwa chilichonse panthawiyi.

Chitsanzocho chimasonkhanitsidwa m'mawa. Pachifukwa ichi, mwana wanu adzagonekedwa mchipatala usiku woti ayesedwe. Chubu chimatha kuikidwa madzulo, ndipo mayeso amachitidwa m'mawa.

Momwe mumakonzekeretsera mwana wanu mayeso awa zimatengera zaka za mwana wanu, zomwe adakumana nazo m'mbuyomu, komanso momwe amakukhulupirirani. Tsatirani malangizo a omwe amakupatsani momwe mungakonzekerere mwana wanu.

Zina zokhudzana ndi izi:

• Mayeso amakanda kapena kukonzekera njira (kubadwa kwa chaka chimodzi)
• Mayeso a makanda kapena kukonzekera njira (zaka 1 mpaka 3)
• Kuyesa koyeserera kapena kukonzekera njira (zaka 3 mpaka 6)
• Mayeso azaka zakusukulu kapena kukonzekera njira (zaka 6 mpaka 12)
• Mayeso aunyamata kapena kukonzekera njira (zaka 12 mpaka 18)

Pamene chubu ichi chikudutsa mphuno ndi pakhosi, mwana wanu amamva kusasangalala komanso amamva ngati akusanza.

Kuyesaku kungathandize kuzindikira matenda am'mapapo (m'mapapo mwanga) a TB mwa ana. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa ana sangathe kutsokomola ndi kulavulira mamina mpaka zaka pafupifupi 8. Amameza maminawo, m'malo mwake. (Ndiye chifukwa chake ana aang'ono samakonda kufalitsa TB kwa ena.)

Mayesowa amathanso kuchitidwa kuti athandizire kupeza ma virus, bowa, ndi mabakiteriya omwe ali m'mimba mwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa, Edzi, kapena zina zomwe zimayambitsa chitetezo chamthupi chofooka.

Zotsatira zomaliza za mayeso am'mimba zimatha kutenga milungu ingapo. Wopezayo adzasankha ngati angayambe kumwa mankhwala asanadziwe zotsatira zake.

Mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa TB sapezeka m'mimba.

Ngati mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa TB amakula kuchokera pachikhalidwe cha m'mimba, TB imapezeka. Chifukwa mabakiteriyawa amakula pang'onopang'ono, zimatha kutenga milungu isanu ndi umodzi kutsimikizira kuti apezeka.

Chiyeso chotchedwa TB smear chidzachitika kaye pachitsanzo. Ngati zotsatira zake ndi zabwino, mankhwala akhoza kuyamba pomwepo. Dziwani kuti zotsatira zoyipa za TB siziletsa TB.

Kuyesaku kungagwiritsidwenso ntchito kupeza mitundu ina ya mabakiteriya omwe samayambitsa TB.

Nthawi iliyonse chubu cha nasogastric chikalowetsedwa pakhosi, pamakhala mwayi wochepa woti chilowe pamphepo. Izi zikachitika, mwana wanu amatha kutsokomola, kupuma, komanso kupuma movutikira mpaka chubu chitachotsedwa. Palinso mwayi wochepa kuti zomwe zili m'mimba zitha kulowa m'mapapu.

Cruz AT, Starke JR. Matenda a chifuwa chachikulu. Mu: Cherry JD, Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, olemba. Feigin ndi Cherry's Bookbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 96.

Fitzgerald DW, Sterling TR, Haas DW. Mycobacterium chifuwa chachikulu mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2020: chap 249.

Hatzenbuehler LA, Starke JR. Matenda a chifuwa chachikulu (Mycobacterium TB). Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 242.

[Adasankhidwa] Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM. Matenda a chifuwa chachikulu. Mu: Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM, olemba. Nelson Zofunikira pa Matenda a Ana. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 124.