Ndodo yamkati

Ndodo yamagazi ndiyo kusonkhanitsa magazi kuchokera mumtsempha kuti akayesedwe labotale.

Magazi nthawi zambiri amatengedwa kuchokera pamtsempha m'manja. Ikhozanso kutengedwa kuchokera kumtsempha wamkati mkati mwa chigongono, kubuula, kapena tsamba lina. Ngati magazi atengedwa m'manja, wothandizira zaumoyo nthawi zambiri amayang'ana momwe zimakhalira. Izi ndizowonetsetsa kuti magazi akuyenda mdzanja kuchokera pamitsempha yayikulu pakatundu (radial and ulnar artery).

Njirayi yachitika motere:

• Malowa amatsukidwa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo.
• Kulowetsedwa singano. Angapo mankhwala oletsa ululu angabayidwe kapena kupakidwa singanoyo isanalowe.
• Magazi amayenda mu syringe yapadera yosonkhanitsira.
• Singanoyo imachotsedwa magazi atasonkhanitsidwa mokwanira.
• Anzanu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo obowola kwa mphindi 5 mpaka 10 kuti magazi asiye kutuluka. Tsambali liziwunikidwa panthawiyi kuti zitsimikize kuti magazi akutuluka.

Ngati ndikosavuta kupeza magazi kuchokera kumalo amodzi kapena mbali ina ya thupi lanu, lolani munthu amene akukoka magazi anu adziwe asanayambe kuyesa.

Kukonzekera kumasiyanasiyana ndi mayeso omwe achitika.

Kubaya mtsempha wamagazi kumatha kukhala kovuta kuposa kupindika kwa mtsempha. Izi ndichifukwa choti mitsempha imakhala yozama kuposa mitsempha. Mitsempha imakhalanso ndi makoma olimba komanso imakhala ndi mitsempha yambiri.

Singano ikalowetsedwa, pakhoza kukhala kusapeza bwino kapena kupweteka. Pambuyo pake, pakhoza kukhala kupindika.

Magazi amanyamula oxygen, michere, zinyalala, ndi zina m'thupi. Magazi amathandizanso kuchepetsa kutentha kwa thupi, madzi, komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwala.

Magazi amapangidwa ndi gawo lamadzimadzi (plasma) ndi gawo lama cell. Madzi a m'magazi ali ndi zinthu zosungunuka m'madzimo. Gawo la ma cell limapangidwa makamaka ndimaselo ofiira amwazi, koma mulinso ma cell oyera ndi ma platelets.

Chifukwa magazi ali ndi ntchito zambiri, kuyezetsa magazi kapena zigawo zake kumatha kupereka zidziwitso zothandiza othandizira opeza matenda ambiri.

Magazi m'mitsempha (yamagazi) amasiyana ndi magazi m'mitsempha (magazi am'magazi) makamaka zomwe zili ndi mpweya wosungunuka. Kuyesa magazi am'mitsempha wamagazi kumawonetsa kapangidwe ka magazi magazi asanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zili mthupi.

Mitengo yamtengo wapatali imatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa ma labotore osiyanasiyana. Lankhulani ndi omwe akukuthandizani za tanthauzo la zotsatira zanu zoyeserera.

Ndodo yamagazi imachitika kuti atenge magazi m'magazi. Zitsanzo zamagazi zimatengedwa makamaka kukayezetsa mpweya m'mitsempha. Zotsatira zosazolowereka zitha kuloza ku mavuto opuma kapena mavuto amthupi. Nthawi zina timitengo tating'onoting'ono timachitika kuti tipeze chikhalidwe chamagazi kapena zitsanzo zamagulu amwazi.

Palibe chiopsezo chotenga magazi anu. Mitsempha ndi mitsempha imasiyana mosiyanasiyana kuchokera pa munthu wina kupita kwina komanso kuchokera mbali imodzi ya thupi kupita mbali inayo. Kutenga magazi kuchokera kwa anthu ena kumatha kukhala kovuta kuposa ena.

Zowopsa zina zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndikutengedwa magazi ndizochepa koma mwina ndi izi:

• Kutaya magazi kwambiri
• Kukomoka kapena kumva mopepuka
• Hematoma (magazi akuchuluka pansi pa khungu)
• Ma punctures angapo kuti mupeze mitsempha
• Kutenga (chiopsezo chochepa nthawi iliyonse khungu likasweka)

Pali chiopsezo chochepa chowonongera minofu yapafupi magazi akatuluka. Magazi amatha kutengedwa m'malo omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa, ndipo njira zake zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa kuwonongeka kwa minofu.

Chitsanzo chamagazi - ochepa

• Mwazi wamagazi wamagazi

Kutulutsa E, Kim HT. Kutsekemera kwamitsempha ndi kuwonongeka. Mu: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, olemba., Eds. Ndondomeko Zachipatala za Roberts ndi Hedges mu Emergency Medicine ndi Acute Care. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 20.

Smith SF, Duell DJ, Martin BC, Gonzalez L, Aebersold M. Specimen zosonkhanitsira. Mu: Smith SF, Duell DJ, Martin BC, Gonzalez L, Aebersold M, olemba. Luso la Unamwino Wachipatala: Zofunikira ku Luso Lapamwamba. 9th ed. New York, NY: Pearson; 2016: chap 20.