Amniocentesis

Amniocentesis ndi mayeso omwe angachitike panthawi yapakati kuti muwone zovuta zina mumwana yemwe akukula. Mavutowa akuphatikizapo:

• Zolepheretsa kubadwa
• Mavuto amtundu
• Matenda
• Kukula kwa mapapo

Amniocentesis amachotsa pang'ono madzi kuchokera m'thumba mozungulira mwana m'mimba (chiberekero). Nthawi zambiri zimachitikira ku ofesi ya dokotala kapena kuchipatala. Simuyenera kukhala mchipatala.

Mudzakhala ndi mimba ya ultrasound poyamba. Izi zimathandiza wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kuwona komwe mwana ali m'mimba mwanu.

Mankhwala othandizira mankwala amapakidwa gawo lina la mimba yanu. Nthawi zina, mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kudzera pakhungu pamimba. Khungu limatsukidwa ndi madzi ophera tizilombo.

Wopereka wanu amalowetsa singano yayitali, yopyapyala m'mimba mwanu komanso m'mimba mwanu. Timadzimadzi tochepa (pafupifupi supuni 4 tiyi kapena mamililita 20) timachotsedwa m'thumba loyandikira mwanayo. Nthawi zambiri, mwana amayang'aniridwa ndi ultrasound panthawiyi.

Amadzimadzi amatumizidwa ku labotale. Kuyesera kungaphatikizepo:

• Maphunziro a chibadwa
• Kuyeza kwa milingo ya alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) (chinthu chomwe chimapangidwa m'chiwindi cha mwana yemwe akukula)
• Chikhalidwe cha matenda

Zotsatira za kuyesa kwa majini nthawi zambiri zimatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri. Zotsatira zina zoyeserera zimabweranso pakatha masiku 1 kapena 3.

Nthawi zina amniocentesis imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pambuyo pathupi kuti:

• Dziwani za matenda
• Onetsetsani ngati mapapo a mwana akula ndikukonzekera kubereka
• Chotsani madzi owonjezera kuzungulira mwana ngati pali amniotic madzimadzi ochulukirapo (polyhydramnios)

Chikhodzodzo chanu chiyenera kukhala chodzaza ndi ultrasound. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani za izi.

Musanayezedwe, mungatenge magazi kuti mupeze mtundu wamagazi anu ndi Rh factor. Mutha kupeza mankhwala oti Rho (D) Immune Globulin (RhoGAM ndi zina) ngati mulibe Rh.

Amniocentesis nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kwa azimayi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi mwana wolumala. Izi zikuphatikiza azimayi omwe:

• Adzakhala azaka 35 kapena kupitilira apo akabereka
• Anali ndi mayeso owunikira omwe akuwonetsa kuti pakhoza kukhala vuto lobadwa kapena vuto lina
• Wakhala ndi ana omwe ali ndi zolepheretsa kubereka m'mimba zina
• Khalani ndi mbiri yabanja yamavuto amtundu

Uphungu wamtunduwu umalimbikitsidwa musanachitike. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuti:

• Phunzirani za mayeso ena apakati
• Pangani chisankho chanzeru pazomwe mungachite kuti mupatsidwe matenda asanabadwe

Mayeso awa:

• Ndi kuyesa kwa matenda, osati kuyesa kuyezetsa
• Ndizolondola kwambiri pofufuza matenda a Down syndrome
• Amachitika nthawi zambiri pakati pa masabata 15 mpaka 20, koma amatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse pakati pa masabata 15 mpaka 40

Amniocentesis itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira zovuta zambiri zamtundu ndi ma chromosome mwa mwana, kuphatikiza:

• Anencephaly (pamene mwana akusowa gawo lalikulu la ubongo)
• Matenda a Down
• Matenda amisala omwe amapezeka kudzera m'mabanja
• Mavuto ena amtundu, monga trisomy 18
• Matenda mu amniotic madzimadzi

Zotsatira zabwinobwino zikutanthauza:

• Palibe mavuto amtundu kapena chromosome omwe adapezeka mwa mwana wanu.
• Magulu a Bilirubin ndi alpha-fetoprotein amawoneka abwinobwino.
• Palibe zizindikiro za matenda zomwe zapezeka.

Chidziwitso: Amniocentesis nthawi zonse ndimayeso olondola kwambiri pamatenda amtundu ndi kusokonekera, ngakhale kuli kovuta, mwana akhoza kukhalabe ndi chibadwa kapena mitundu ina yazolephera kubadwa, ngakhale zotsatira za amniocentesis zili zachilendo.

Zotsatira zosazolowereka zitha kutanthauza kuti mwana wanu ali ndi:

• Vuto la jini kapena chromosome, monga Down syndrome
• Zolepheretsa kubadwa zomwe zimakhudza msana kapena ubongo, monga spina bifida

Lankhulani ndi omwe akukuthandizani za tanthauzo la zotsatira zanu zoyeserera. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani:

• Momwe vutoli kapena chilema chingathandizire mukakhala ndi pakati kapena mutakhala ndi pakati
• Zosowa zapadera zomwe mwana wanu angakhale nazo atabadwa
• Ndizinthu zina ziti zomwe mungachite pakusunga kapena kumaliza mimba yanu

Zowopsa ndizochepa, koma zimatha kuphatikiza:

• Kutenga kapena kuvulaza mwana
• Kupita padera
• Kutuluka kwa amniotic madzimadzi
• Kutuluka kumaliseche

Chikhalidwe - amniotic madzimadzi; Chikhalidwe - maselo amniotic; Alpha-fetoprotein - amniocentesis

• Amniocentesis
• Amniocentesis
• Amniocentesis - mndandanda

Driscoll DA, Simpson JL, Holzgreve W, Otano L. Kuwunika kwa majeremusi ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana. Mu: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, et al, olemba. Obstetrics: Mimba Yachibadwa ndi Mavuto. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 10.

Patterson DA, Andazola JJ. Amniocentesis. Mu: Fowler GC, olemba. Njira za Pfenninger ndi Fowler Zoyang'anira Poyamba. Wolemba 4. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 144.

Wapner RJ, Dugoff L. Kuzindikira matenda asanakwane obadwa nawo. Mu: Resnik R, Lockwood CJ, Moore TR, Greene MF, Copel JA, Silver RM, olemba. Creasy ndi Resnik's Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Mfundo ndi Kuchita. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 32.