Kukhumudwa pambuyo pa kubereka

Matenda a postpartum amakhala ochepa kupsinjika kwakukulu kwa mayi akabereka. Zitha kuchitika atangobereka kumene kapena mpaka chaka chotsatira. Nthawi zambiri, zimachitika mkati mwa miyezi itatu yoyambirira mutabereka.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kukhumudwa pambuyo pobereka sizikudziwika. Kusintha kwa milingo ya mahomoni panthawi yoyembekezera komanso pambuyo pathupi kungakhudze mkhalidwe wamayi. Zinthu zambiri zopanda mahomoni zimatha kukhudzanso nyengo ino:

• Zosintha mthupi lanu kuyambira mimba ndi yobereka
• Zosintha pantchito komanso ubale
• Kukhala ndi nthawi yocheperako komanso ufulu wanu
• Kusowa tulo
• Zodandaula zakuti mutha kukhala mayi wabwino

Mutha kukhala ndi mwayi waukulu wokhumudwa pambuyo pobereka ngati:

• Ali ochepera zaka 25
• Pakadali pano gwiritsani ntchito mowa, tengani zinthu zosaloledwa, kapena kusuta (izi zimayambitsanso thanzi la mwana)
• Sanakonzekere kutenga pakati, kapena anali ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana pamimba
• Ndinali ndi vuto la kupsinjika, kusinthasintha kwamaganizidwe, kapena matenda amisala musanakhale ndi pakati, kapena ngati mudakhala ndi pakati
• Munali ndi chochitika chovuta panthawi yapakati kapena yobereka, kuphatikiza matenda amunthu, kufa kapena matenda a wokondedwa, kubereka kovuta kapena kwadzidzidzi, kubereka msanga, kapena matenda kapena chilema chobadwa mwa mwana
• Khalani ndi wachibale wapafupi yemwe adakhalapo ndi nkhawa kapena nkhawa
• Khalani ndi ubale wolakwika ndi ena ofunika kapena osakwatira
• Khalani ndi mavuto azandalama kapena nyumba
• Musakhale ndi chithandizo chochepa kuchokera kwa abale, abwenzi, kapena mnzanu kapena mnzanu

Kumva kuda nkhawa, kukwiya, kulira, komanso kupumula ndizofala sabata kapena awiri pambuyo pa mimba. Malingaliro awa nthawi zambiri amatchedwa postpartum kapena "baby blues." Nthawi zambiri amachoka posachedwa, osafunikira chithandizo.

Matenda a postpartum amatha kuchitika mwana yemwe samangodwala kapena pomwe zizindikiro za kukhumudwa zimayamba kamodzi kapena miyezi ingapo kuchokera pobereka.

Zizindikiro zakusokonezeka pambuyo pobereka ndizofanana ndi zomwe zimachitika nthawi zina m'moyo. Pamodzi ndi kukhumudwa kapena kukhumudwa, mutha kukhala ndi izi:

• Kupsa mtima kapena kukwiya
• Kusintha kwa njala
• Kudzimva wopanda pake kapena kudziimba mlandu
• Kumva ngati wachotsedwa kapena sunalumikizidwe
• Kusasangalatsidwa kapena kuchita chidwi ndi zinthu zambiri kapena zonse
• Kutaya chidwi
• Kutaya mphamvu
• Mavuto akugwira ntchito kunyumba kapena kuntchito
• Kuda nkhawa kwakukulu
• Malingaliro a imfa kapena kudzipha
• Kuvuta kugona

Mayi yemwe ali ndi vuto la postpartum atha:

• Osakhoza kudzisamalira yekha kapena mwana wake.
• Opani kukhala nokha ndi mwana wake.
• Khalani ndi malingaliro olakwika pa mwanayo kapena mungaganizire zovulaza mwanayo. (Ngakhale malingaliro awa ndi owopsa, samachitapo kanthu. Komabe muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu za iwo nthawi yomweyo.)
• Kuda nkhawa kwambiri za mwanayo kapena kukhala ndi chidwi chochepa ndi mwanayo.

Palibe mayeso amodzi omwe amapezeka kuti apsinjika pambuyo pobereka. Kuzindikira kumatengera zizindikilo zomwe mumafotokozera wothandizira zaumoyo wanu.

Yemwe amakupatsirani akhoza kuyitanitsa mayeso amwazi kuti aziyang'ana pazovuta zamankhwala.

Mayi watsopano yemwe ali ndi zizindikilo zilizonse za matenda a postpartum ayenera kulumikizana ndi omwe amakupatsani nthawi yomweyo kuti athandizidwe.

Nawa maupangiri ena:

• Funsani mnzanu, banja lanu, ndi anzanu kuti akuthandizeni pa zosowa za mwana komanso zapakhomo.
• Osabisala momwe mukumvera. Lankhulani za iwo ndi mnzanu, banja, ndi abwenzi.
• Osasintha kwambiri pamoyo wanu mukakhala ndi pakati kapena mukangobereka kumene.
• Osayesa kuchita zambiri, kapena kukhala angwiro.
• Pezani nthawi yopita kokacheza, kucheza ndi anzanu, kapena kucheza nokha ndi mnzanu.
• Pumulani kwambiri momwe mungathere. Gonani pamene mwana akugona.
• Lankhulani ndi amayi ena kapena lowani nawo gulu lothandizira.

Chithandizo cha kukhumudwa atabadwa nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo mankhwala, mankhwala olankhula, kapena zonse ziwiri. Kuyamwitsa kumatenga gawo lomwe mankhwala omwe othandizira amakulimbikitsani. Mutha kutumizidwa kwa katswiri wa zamisala. Chidziwitso chamakhalidwe (CBT) ndi othandizira ena (IPT) ndi mitundu yamankhwala olankhula omwe nthawi zambiri amathandizira kukhumudwa pambuyo pobereka.

Magulu othandizira akhoza kukhala othandiza, koma sayenera kulowa m'malo mwa mankhwala kapena chithandizo chamankhwala ngati muli ndi vuto la postpartum.

Kukhala ndi chithandizo chabwino kuchokera kwa abale, abwenzi, ndi anzathu akuntchito kungathandize kuchepetsa vuto la kupsinjika mtima pambuyo pobereka.

Mankhwala ndi chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zambiri zimatha kuchepetsa kapena kuthetsa zizindikilo.

Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, kukhumudwa pambuyo pobereka kumatha kukhala miyezi kapena zaka.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo kwa nthawi yayitali ndi ofanana ndi kukhumudwa kwakukulu. Kupsinjika mtima pambuyo pobereka kungakuike pachiwopsezo chodzipweteka iwe kapena mwana wanu.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi izi:

• Matenda a mwana wanu samatha pakatha milungu iwiri
• Zizindikiro zakukhumudwa zimakula kwambiri
• Zizindikiro zakukhumudwa zimayamba nthawi iliyonse akabereka, ngakhale miyezi yambiri pambuyo pake
• Ndizovuta kuti mugwire ntchito kuntchito kapena kunyumba
• Simungathe kudzisamalira nokha kapena mwana wanu
• Mumakhala ndi malingaliro odzivulaza nokha kapena mwana wanu
• Mumakhala ndi malingaliro osakhazikika kwenikweni, kapena mumayamba kumva kapena kuwona zinthu zomwe anthu ena satero

Musaope kufunafuna thandizo nthawi yomweyo ngati mukumva kuti mwapanikizika ndikuwopa kuti mungamupweteke mwana wanu.

Kukhala ndi chithandizo chabwino kuchokera kwa abale, abwenzi, ndi anzathu akuntchito kumatha kuchepetsa mavuto obwera pambuyo pobereka, koma sizingalepheretse.

Amayi omwe anali ndi vuto la postpartum atakhala ndi pakati kale sangakhale ndi vuto lobadwanso m'mbuyo atayamba kumwa mankhwala opatsirana atatha. Kulankhula momvekera kungathandizenso kupewa kukhumudwa.

Depression - postpartum; Matenda atatha kubadwa; Zochitika za Postpartum zamaganizidwe

Msonkhano wa American Psychiatric. Matenda okhumudwa. Kusanthula ndi Buku Lophatikiza la Mavuto Amisala. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: Kusindikiza kwa Psychiatric ku America, 2013: 155-233.

Nonacs RM, Wang B, Viguera AC, Cohen LS. Matenda amisala panthawi yapakati komanso pambuyo pathupi. Mu: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, olemba. Chipatala cha Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Wachiwiri ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 31.

Siu AL; US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Bibbins-Domingo K, ndi al. Kuunikira kukhumudwa kwa akulu: Ndemanga ya US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2016; 315 (4): 380-387. PMID: 26813211 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26813211/.