Kusintha kwa bondo pang'ono

Kuchotsa bondo pang'ono ndikuchita opaleshoni kuti lisinthe mbali imodzi yokha ya bondo lowonongeka. Ikhoza kutenga gawo lamkati (lamankhwala), gawo lakunja (lateral), kapena gawo logwada.

Kuchita opaleshoni m'malo mwa bondo lonse kumatchedwa kusintha kwamaondo.

Opaleshoni yapadera yamaondo amachotsa minofu ndi fupa lowonongeka m'mawondo. Zimachitika pomwe nyamakazi imangopezeka pagawo limodzi lokha la bondo. Maderawo amalowetsedwa ndi choikapo chochita, chotchedwa chopangira. Bondo lanu lonse lasungidwa. Kusintha maondo pang'ono nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, motero pamakhala nthawi yochepa yochira.

Musanachite opareshoni, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala omwe amaletsa ululu (ochititsa dzanzi). Mudzakhala ndi imodzi mwamitundu iwiri ya dzanzi:

• Anesthesia wamba. Mudzakhala mukugona komanso osamva ululu panthawiyi.
• Chigawo (msana kapena epidural) anesthesia. Mudzachita dzanzi kunsi kwa m'chiuno mwanu. Mupezanso mankhwala oti akupumulitseni kapena kugona.

Dokotalayo amadula bondo lanu. Kudula kumeneku kumakhala mainchesi 3 mpaka 5 (7.5 mpaka 13 sentimita) kutalika.

• Kenako, dokotalayo amayang'ana bondo lonse. Ngati pangakhale kuwonongeka kwa gawo limodzi la bondo lanu, mungafunikire kusintha bondo lonse. Nthawi zambiri izi sizikufunika, chifukwa mayeso omwe adachitidwa ndondomekoyi isanachitike awonetsa kuwonongeka kumeneku.
• Mafupa ndi minofu yowonongeka imachotsedwa.
• Gawo lopangidwa ndi pulasitiki ndi chitsulo limayikidwa mu bondo.
• Gawolo likakhala pamalo oyenera, limaphatikizidwa ndi simenti ya mafupa.
• Chilondacho chatsekedwa ndi ulusi.

Chifukwa chofala kwambiri chophatikizira bondo ndikuchepetsa kupweteka kwa nyamakazi.

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu atha kupereka lingaliro loti bondo lisinthidwe ngati:

• Simungagone usiku wonse chifukwa cha kupweteka kwa bondo.
• Kupweteka kwa bondo lanu kumakulepheretsani kuchita zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku.
• Kupweteka kwa mawondo anu sikunakhale bwino ndi mankhwala ena.

Muyenera kumvetsetsa momwe opaleshoni ndi kuchira zidzakhalire.

Matenda a mawondo angakhale osankha bwino ngati muli ndi nyamakazi mbali imodzi kapena gawo limodzi la bondo ndipo:

• Ndinu okalamba, owonda, komanso osachita zambiri.
• Mulibe nyamakazi yoyipa mbali inayo ya bondo kapena pansi pa kneecap.
• Muli ndi chilema chaching'ono pa bondo.
• Muli ndi mayendedwe abwino pabondo lanu.
• Mitsempha mu bondo lanu ndiyokhazikika.

Komabe, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi nyamakazi ya mawondo amachitidwa opaleshoni yotchedwa total arthroplasty (TKA).

Kugwiritsa ntchito mawondo nthawi zambiri kumachitika mwa anthu azaka 60 kapena kupitilira apo. Sikuti anthu onse amatha kusintha bondo pang'ono. Simungakhale woyenera ngati matenda anu ali ovuta kwambiri. Komanso, matenda anu ndi thanzi lanu sizingakulolezeni kuchita izi.

Zowopsa za opaleshoniyi ndi izi:

• Kuundana kwamagazi
• Kutulutsa kwamadzimadzi mu bondo limodzi
• Kulephera kwa ziwalo zobwezeretsera kuti zigwirizane ndi bondo
• Mitsempha ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi
• Ululu wogwada
• Reflex wachifundo dystrophy (osowa)

Nthawi zonse muuzeni omwe akukuthandizani mankhwala omwe mukumwa, kuphatikiza zitsamba, zowonjezera, ndi mankhwala ogulidwa popanda mankhwala.

Pakati pa masabata awiri musanachite opareshoni:

• Konzani nyumba yanu.
• Funsani omwe akukuthandizani mankhwala omwe mungatenge patsiku la opareshoni yanu.
• Mutha kufunsidwa kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa magazi anu kuphimba. Izi zimaphatikizapo aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Naprosyn, Aleve), opopera magazi monga warfarin (Coumadin), ndi mankhwala ena.
• Mungafunike kusiya kumwa mankhwala aliwonse omwe amafooketsa chitetezo chanu chamthupi, kuphatikiza Enbrel ndi methotrexate.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, matenda amtima, kapena matenda ena, dokotala wanu akukufunsani kuti muwone omwe akukuthandizani chifukwa cha izi.
• Uzani wothandizira wanu ngati mumamwa mowa wambiri (zosaposera chimodzi kapena ziwiri patsiku).
• Mukasuta, muyenera kusiya. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani kuti akuthandizeni. Kusuta kumachedwetsa kuchira ndikuchira.
• Lolani wothandizira wanu ngati mukudwala chimfine, chimfine, malungo, kuphulika kwa herpes, kapena matenda ena musanachite opaleshoni.
• Mungafune kukaonana ndi asing'anga musanachite opareshoni kuti muphunzire machitidwe omwe angakuthandizeni kuchira.
• Yesetsani kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo, kuyenda, ndodo, kapena njinga ya olumala.

Patsiku la opareshoni yanu:

• Mutha kuuzidwa kuti musamamwe kapena kudya chilichonse kwa maola 6 mpaka 12 musanachitike.
• Tengani mankhwala omwe wothandizira wanu adakuwuzani kuti mutenge ndi madzi pang'ono.
• Wothandizira anu adzakuuzani nthawi yoti mufike kuchipatala.

Mutha kupita kwanu tsiku lomwelo kapena muyenera kukhala mchipatala tsiku limodzi.

Mutha kuyika kulemera kwanu konse pa bondo lanu nthawi yomweyo.

Mukabwerera kunyumba, muyenera kuyesetsa kuchita zomwe dokotala wanu wakuuzani. Izi zikuphatikiza kupita kuchimbudzi kapena kuyenda panjira zothandizidwa. Mufunikanso chithandizo chamankhwala kuti musinthe mayendedwe osiyanasiyana ndikulimbitsa minofu mozungulira bondo.

Anthu ambiri amachira mwachangu ndipo amamva kuwawa pang'ono kuposa momwe amachitira atachitidwa opaleshoni. Anthu omwe amasintha bondo lawo pang'ono amachira mwachangu kuposa omwe amakhala ndi bondo lathunthu.

Anthu ambiri amatha kuyenda popanda ndodo kapena kuyenda mkati mwa masabata atatu kapena anayi atachitidwa opaleshoni. Mufunikira chithandizo chakuthupi kwa miyezi 3 kapena 4.

Mitundu yambiri yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndiyabwino mukatha kuchitidwa opaleshoni, kuphatikiza kuyenda, kusambira, tenisi, gofu, ndi njinga. Komabe, muyenera kupewa zinthu zomwe zingakhudze kwambiri monga kuthamanga.

Kusintha maondo pang'ono kungakhale ndi zotsatira zabwino kwa anthu ena. Komabe, gawo lomwe silinasinthidwe bondo limatha kuchepa ndipo mungafunike bondo lathunthu pamseu. Kusintha pang'ono mkati kapena kunja kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kwa zaka 10 mutatha opaleshoni. Patella pang'ono kapena patellofemoral m'malo mwake sizikhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kochepa mkati kapena kunja. Muyenera kukambirana ndi omwe amakupatsani mwayi ngati mukufuna kukhala m'malo mwa bondo pang'ono komanso momwe zinthu zikuyendere bwino.

Opanda chipinda bondo arthroplasty; Mawondo m'malo - tsankho; Unicondylar bondo; Arthroplasty - bondo lopanda chipinda; UKA; Kusintha pang'ono kwa mawondo pang'ono

• Mgwirizano wolowa
• Kapangidwe ka cholumikizira
• Kusintha kwa bondo pang'ono - mndandanda

Althaus A, WJ Wautali, Vigdorchik JM. Robotic unicompartmental bondo arthroplasty. Mu: Scott WN, mkonzi. Kuchita Opaleshoni & Scott ya Knee. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 163.

Jevsevar DS. Chithandizo cha mafupa a mafupa a bondo: malangizo opangira umboni, mtundu wa 2. J Am Acad Orthop Opaleshoni. 2013; 21 (9): 571-576. PMID: 23996988 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23996988.

Mihalko WM. Zojambulajambula za bondo. Mu: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Canale ST, eds. Opaleshoni ya Campbell. Wolemba 13. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 7.

Weber KL, Jevsevar DS, McGrory BJ. Maupangiri a Zachipatala a AAOS: kasamalidwe ka opaleshoni ya mafupa a m'mabondo: malangizo othandizira umboni. J Am Acad Orthop Opaleshoni. 2016; 24 (8): e94-e96. PMID: 27355287 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27355287.