Thanzi la amayi

Thanzi la amayi limatanthawuza nthambi ya zamankhwala yomwe imayang'ana kwambiri pochiza ndikuzindikira matenda ndi mikhalidwe yomwe imakhudza thanzi lam'mayi komanso lamaganizidwe.

Thanzi la amayi limaphatikizapo zochitika zosiyanasiyana zapadera ndi malo owunikira, monga:

• Kulera, matenda opatsirana pogonana, ndi matenda achikazi
• Khansa ya m'mawere, khansa ya m'mimba, ndi khansa zina zazimayi
• Zolemba pamanja
• Kusamba ndi mankhwala a mahomoni
• Kufooka kwa mafupa
• Mimba ndi kubala
• Thanzi lakugonana
• Azimayi ndi matenda amtima
• Zinthu zabwino zomwe zimakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo zoberekera zazimayi

KUSAMALIRA NDIPONSO KUDZIPEREKA

Njira zodzitetezera kwa amayi zimaphatikizapo izi:

• Kupimidwa kwamankhwala pafupipafupi, kuphatikiza kuyesa m'chiuno ndi kuyesa mawere
• Pap smear ndi kuyesa kwa HPV
• Kuyezetsa magazi
• Kuunika khansa ya m'mawere
• Zokambirana pofufuza za khansa ya m'matumbo
• Katemera woyenera zaka
• Kuyesa kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi
• Kuyesedwa kwa mahomoni kusamba
• Katemera
• Kuunikira matenda opatsirana pogonana

Malangizo odziyesera pachifuwa amathanso kuphatikizidwa.

NTHAWI ZOTHANDIZA MABELE

Ntchito zosamalira mawere zimaphatikizapo kuzindikira ndi kuchiza khansa ya m'mawere, yomwe ingaphatikizepo:

• Chifuwa cha m'mawere
• Kujambula kwa m'mawere kwa MRI
• Chiberekero cha m'mawere
• Kuyezetsa magazi ndi upangiri kwa azimayi omwe ali ndi banja kapena mbiri yakale ya khansa ya m'mawere
• Thandizo la mahormonal, radiation radiation, ndi chemotherapy
• Zolemba pamanja
• Mastectomy ndi kumanganso mawere

Gulu losamalira mawere lingathenso kuzindikira ndi kuthandizira mikhalidwe yosagwirizana ndi khansa ya m'mawere, kuphatikizapo:

• Mitundu ya bere ya Benign
• Lymphedema, vuto lomwe madzi amadzimadzi amatenga minofu ndikupangitsa kutupa

MISONKHANO YA UTHENGA

Thanzi lanu ndilofunikira pamoyo wanu wonse. Ntchito zazimayi zogonana zitha kukhala:

• Kulera (njira zolerera)
• Kupewa, kuzindikira, ndi kuchiza matenda opatsirana pogonana
• Njira zothandizira pamavuto azogonana

GYNECOLOGY NDI MABWINO OTHANDIZA OTHANDIZA

Gynecology ndi ntchito za uchembele ndi uchembere zimatha kuphatikizira kuzindikira ndi kuchiza matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza:

• Mapepala osazolowereka a Pap
• Kukhalapo kwa HPV koopsa
• Kutaya magazi kwachilendo
• Bakiteriya vaginosis
• Endometriosis
• Kusamba kwakukulu
• Kusamba kosasamba nthawi zonse
• Matenda ena anyini
• Ziphuphu zamchiberekero
• Matenda otupa m'mimba (PID)
• Kupweteka kwa m'mimba
• Matenda a Polycystic ovary (PCOS)
• Matenda a Premenstrual (PMS) ndi premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
• Chiberekero cha fibroids
• Chiberekero ndi ukazi zikuchuluka
• Ukazi wa yisiti
• Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhudza kumaliseche ndi kumaliseche

MITU YA MIMBA NDI YAULELE

Kusamalira nthawi zonse asanabadwe ndi gawo lofunikira la mimba iliyonse. Ntchito zapakati ndi kubereka zimaphatikizapo:

• Kukonzekera ndikukonzekera kutenga pakati, kuphatikiza chidziwitso chokhudza zakudya zoyenera, mavitamini asanabadwe, ndikuwunikanso zamankhwala omwe analipo kale ndi mankhwala omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito
• Kusamalira, kubereka, ndi kusamalira pambuyo pobereka
• Chisamaliro choopsa cha mimba (mankhwala a amayi a fetus)
• Kuyamwitsa ndi kuyamwitsa

UTUMIKI WOSABEDWA

Akatswiri osabereka ndi gawo lofunikira pagulu lazithandizo za amayi. Ntchito zosabereka zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuyesera kuti mudziwe chomwe chimayambitsa kusabereka (chifukwa chake sichingapezeke nthawi zonse)
• Magazi ndi kuyerekezera kwamawonekedwe kuti awunikire ovulation
• Mankhwala osabereka
• Uphungu kwa maanja omwe akuvutika ndi kusabereka kapena kutayika kwa mwana

Mitundu yamankhwala osabereka yomwe ingaperekedwe ndi monga:

• Mankhwala othandizira kutulutsa mazira
• Kutsekemera kwa intrauterine
• In vitro feteleza (IVF)
• Intracytoplasmic jekeseni wa umuna (ICSI) - Jekeseni wa umuna umodzi mwachindunji dzira
• Kusungidwa kwa mazira: Mazira ozizira oti adzagwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo
• Kupereka kwa dzira
• Kusunga umuna

UTUMIKI WA CHISONI

Gulu lazithandizo la azimayi limathandizanso kuzindikira ndikuchiza matenda okhudzana ndi chikhodzodzo. Zinthu zokhudzana ndi chikhodzodzo zomwe zingakhudze amayi zitha kuphatikiza:

• Matenda ochotsa chikhodzodzo
• Kusadziletsa kwamikodzo komanso chikhodzodzo chambiri
• Kuphatikizana kwa cystitis
• Kukula kwa chikhodzodzo

Ngati muli ndi vuto la chikhodzodzo, akatswiri azachipatala azimayi anu angakulimbikitseni kuti muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi a Kegel kuti mulimbitse minofu yanu m'chiuno.

NTCHITO ZA UTHENGA WA AMAYI ANTHU ENA

• Opaleshoni yodzikongoletsa komanso kusamalira khungu, kuphatikiza khansa yapakhungu
• Zakudya ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi
• Chisamaliro chamaganizidwe ndi upangiri kwa azimayi omwe akuzunzidwa kapena kugwiriridwa
• Matenda ogona
• Kuleka kusuta

MACHITIDWE NDI NJIRA

Mamembala a gulu lazachipatala la azimayi amachita njira zosiyanasiyana zochiritsira ndi njira. Zina mwazofala kwambiri ndi izi:

• Gawo la Kaisara (C-gawo)
• Kuchotsa kwa Endometrial
• Zolemba za Endometrial
• D & C.
• Kutsekemera
• Zojambulajambula
• Mastectomy ndi kumanganso mawere
• Ziphuphu zam'mimba
• Njira zochizira khomo pachibelekeropo (LEEP, Cone biopsy)
• Ndondomeko zochizira kusagwirizana kwamikodzo
• Tubal ligation ndikusintha kwa njira yolera yotsekemera
• Kuphatikiza kwamitsempha ya m'mimba

AMENE AMakusamalirani

Gulu lazithandizo la azimayi limaphatikizapo madotolo ndi othandizira pazachipatala osiyanasiyana. Gululi lingaphatikizepo:

• Obstetrician / gynecologist (ob / gyn) - Dotolo yemwe walandila maphunziro owonjezera pakuthandizira kutenga pakati, mavuto amimba, komanso mavuto ena azimayi.
• Madokotala ochita opaleshoni odziwika bwino omwe amasamalira mawere.
• Perinatologist - Ob / gyn yemwe walandila maphunziro ena ndipo amakhazikika pakusamalira mimba zoopsa.
• Radiologist - Madokotala omwe adalandira maphunziro owonjezera ndikumasulira kulingalira kosiyanasiyana komanso kuchita njira zosiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wazithunzi kuti athetse zovuta monga uterine fibroids.
• Wothandizira asing'anga (PA).
• Dokotala woyang'anira pulayimale.
• Namwino ogwira ntchito (NP).
• Namwino azamba.

Mndandandawu sungakhale wophatikiza zonse.

Freund KM. Njira yathanzi la amayi. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 224.

Huppe AI, Teal CB, Brem RF. Upangiri wothandiza wa ochita opaleshoni pamaganizidwe a m'mawere. Mu: Cameron AM, Cameron JL, olemba., Eds. Therapy Yamakono Yopangira Opaleshoni. Wolemba 13. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 712-718.

Lobo RA. Kusabereka: etiology, kuwunika matenda, kuwongolera, kudwala. Mu: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, olemba. Gynecology Yambiri. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 42.

Mendiratta V, Lentz GM. Mbiri, kuyezetsa thupi, komanso chisamaliro chodzitchinjiriza. Mu: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, olemba. Gynecology Yambiri. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 7.