Kuwona zaumoyo kwa azimayi azaka zapakati pa 40 mpaka 64

Muyenera kupita kwa omwe amakuthandizani azaumoyo nthawi ndi nthawi, ngakhale mutakhala athanzi. Cholinga cha maulendo awa ndi:

• Sewero lazokhudza zamankhwala
• Unikani ziwopsezo zanu zamtsogolo zamankhwala
• Limbikitsani moyo wathanzi
• Sinthani katemera
• Kukuthandizani kuti mudziwane ndi omwe amakupatsani mwayi wodwala

Ngakhale mukumva bwino, muyenera kumaonana ndi omwe amakupatsani maulendowa nthawi zonse. Maulendowa atha kukuthandizani kupewa mavuto mtsogolo. Mwachitsanzo, njira yokhayo yodziwira ngati muli ndi vuto la kuthamanga magazi ndi kukayezetsa pafupipafupi. Shuga wamagazi ambiri komanso kuchuluka kwama cholesterol ambiri sangakhale ndi zizindikilo kumayambiriro. Kuyesa magazi kosavuta kumatha kuwona izi.

Pali nthawi zina zomwe muyenera kuwona omwe amakupatsani. Pansipa pali malangizo owunikira azimayi azaka zapakati pa 40 ndi 64.

KUSINTHA KWA MWAZI

• Onetsetsani kuti magazi anu ayang'ane kamodzi zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Ngati nambala yayikulu (systolic number) ikuchokera 120 mpaka 139 mm Hg, kapena nambala yapansi (diastolic number) ikuchokera 80 mpaka 89 mm Hg, muyenera kuyiyang'ana chaka chilichonse.
• Ngati nambala yayikulu ndi 130 kapena kupitilira apo kapena nambala yapansi ndi 80 kapena kupitilira apo, konzani nthawi yokumana ndi omwe akukuthandizani kuti muphunzire momwe mungachepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga, matenda a mtima, mavuto a impso, kapena mavuto ena, mungafunike kuyezetsa magazi anu pafupipafupi, komabe kamodzi pachaka.
• Onetsetsani kuyezetsa magazi m'dera lanu. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mungayime kuti mupimidwe magazi anu.

KULIMBIKITSA KHANSA YA m'mawere

• Amayi amatha kudziyesa mabere mwezi uliwonse. Komabe, akatswiri sagwirizana za maubwino odziyesa pa m'mawere pakupeza khansa ya m'mawere kapena kupulumutsa miyoyo. Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani zomwe zili zabwino kwa inu.
• Omwe amakupatsani mwayi amatha kuyezetsa mawere ngati gawo la mayeso anu oteteza.
• Amayi azaka 40 mpaka 49 atha kukhala ndi mammogram zaka 1 mpaka 2 zilizonse. Komabe, si akatswiri onse omwe amavomereza zaubwino wokhala ndi mammogram azimayi ali ndi zaka 40. Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani zomwe zili zabwino kwa inu.
• Amayi azaka 50 mpaka 75 ayenera kukhala ndi mammogram zaka 1 mpaka 2 zilizonse, kutengera zomwe zimawopsa, kuti awone ngati ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere.
• Azimayi omwe ali ndi mayi kapena mlongo yemwe anali ndi khansa ya m'mawere ali wamng'ono ayenera kulingalira za mammograms apachaka. Ayenera kuyamba msinkhu kuposa zaka zomwe membala wawo womaliza kwambiri adapezeka.
• Ngati muli ndi zifukwa zina zoopsa za khansa ya m'mawere, wothandizira anu akhoza kulangiza mammogram, bere ultrasound, kapena MRI scan.

KUYANG'ANIRA KHANSA YA CERVICAL

Kuyezetsa khansa ya pachibelekero kuyenera kuyamba ali ndi zaka 21. Chiyeso choyamba:

• Amayi azaka 30 mpaka 65 ayenera kuyesedwa ndi mayeso a Pap zaka zitatu zilizonse kapena kuyesa kwa HPV zaka zisanu zilizonse.
• Ngati inu kapena mnzanu muli ndi zibwenzi zina zatsopano, muyenera kuyezetsa Pap zaka zitatu zilizonse.
• Amayi azaka 65 mpaka 70 amatha kusiya kuyesa Pap malinga ngati akhala ndi mayeso atatu mwazaka 10 zapitazi.
• Amayi omwe adalandira chithandizo cha precancer (khomo lachiberekero dysplasia) ayenera kupitiliza kuyezetsa Pap zaka 20 atalandira chithandizo kapena mpaka azaka 65, paliponse.
• Ngati mwachotsedwa chiberekero ndi khomo pachibelekeropo (hysterectomy), ndipo simunapezeke ndi khansa ya pachibelekero, simuyenera kuchita Pap smears.

KUCHITSA CHOLESTEROL

• Kulimbikitsidwa koyambira zaka zowunika cholesterol ndi zaka 45 kwa azimayi omwe alibe zoopsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtima.
• Mukangoyamba kuyesa khungu la cholesterol, mafuta anu ayenera kuyang'aniridwa zaka zisanu zilizonse.
• Bwerezerani kuyesa posachedwa ngati pakufunika kusintha ngati moyo wanu (kuphatikizapo kunenepa ndi zakudya).
• Ngati muli ndi cholesterol yambiri, matenda ashuga, matenda amtima, mavuto a impso, kapena zina, mungafunike kuyang'aniridwa pafupipafupi.

KUSINTHA KWA KHANSA YAMAKONO

Ngati simunakwanitse zaka 50, lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani mwayi woti ayesedwe. Muyenera kuwunikidwa ngati muli ndi mbiri yolimba ya khansa yam'matumbo kapena tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Kuwunika kumatha kuganiziridwanso ngati mungakhale pachiwopsezo monga mbiri ya matenda opatsirana kapena ma polyps.

Ngati muli ndi zaka 50 mpaka 75, muyenera kuyesedwa ngati muli ndi khansa yoyipa. Pali mayeso angapo owunikira omwe akupezeka:

• Kuyesa kwamatsenga kwamagazi (chopondapo) kumachitika chaka chilichonse
• Kuyezetsa magazi (FIT) chaka chilichonse
• Kuyesa kwa chopondapo zaka zitatu zilizonse
• Kusintha sigmoidoscopy zaka zisanu zilizonse
• Kawiri kawiri kusiyanitsa barium enema zaka zisanu zilizonse
• CT colonography (pafupifupi colonoscopy) zaka zisanu zilizonse
• Colonoscopy zaka khumi zilizonse

Mungafunike colonoscopy nthawi zambiri ngati muli pachiwopsezo cha khansa yoyipa, monga:

• Zilonda zam'mimba
• Mbiri yaumwini kapena yabanja ya khansa yoyipa
• Mbiri yakukula mu colon yotchedwa adenomatous polyps

KUYESA KWA MANO

• Pitani kwa dotolo wamano kamodzi kapena kawiri chaka chilichonse kukayezetsa ndi kuyeretsa. Dokotala wanu wa mano adzawunika ngati mukufunikira kuyendera pafupipafupi.

KUKHALA KWA ASUKU

• Ngati muli ndi zaka zopitilira 44, muyenera kuwunikidwa zaka zitatu zilizonse.
• Kukhala ndi BMI yoposa 25 kumatanthauza kuti ndiwe wonenepa kwambiri. Ngati mukulemera kwambiri, funsani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muyenera kuwunika mukadali achichepere. Anthu aku Asia aku America ayenera kuwunikidwa ngati BMI yawo ili yayikulu kuposa 23.
• Ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kukuposa 130/80 mm Hg, kapena muli ndi zifukwa zina zoopsa za matenda ashuga, omwe amakupatsani mayeso angayese kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu.

Mayeso a Diso

• Muziyezetsa maso pazaka ziwiri kapena zinayi zilizonse zapakati pa 40 mpaka 54 komanso zaka 1 mpaka 3 zilizonse zapakati pa 55 ndi 64. Woperekayo angakulimbikitseni kuyesedwa kwamaso pafupipafupi ngati muli ndi vuto la kuwona kapena khungu la glaucoma.
• Yesani kuyezetsa maso chaka chilichonse ngati mukudwala matenda ashuga.

MAJOMBO

• Muyenera kulandira chimfine chaka chilichonse.
• Funsani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mungapeze katemera kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha matenda a pneumococcal (chimayambitsa mtundu wa chibayo).
• Muyenera kukhala ndi katemera wa tetanus-diphtheria ndi acellular pertussis (Tdap) kamodzi ngati gawo la katemera wanu wa tetanus-diphtheria ngati simunalandire kale muli wachinyamata. Muyenera kukhala ndi chilimbikitso cha tetanus-diphtheria zaka khumi zilizonse.
• Mutha kupeza katemera wa shingles kapena herpes zoster musanakwanitse zaka 50.
• Wothandizira anu akhoza kulimbikitsa katemera wina ngati muli pachiopsezo china.

KUDZIWA KWAMBIRI KWA MATENDA

• Bungwe la US Preventive Services Task Force limalimbikitsa kuyezetsa matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis C. Kutengera momwe mumakhalira komanso mbiri yazachipatala, mungafunike kuunikidwa ngati muli ndi chindoko, chlamydia, HIV komanso matenda ena.

KULIMBIKITSA KHANSA YA MANGU

Muyenera kukhala ndi kafukufuku wapachaka wa khansa yamapapu yomwe ili ndi low-computed tomography (LDCT) ngati zotsatirazi zilipo:

• Muli ndi zaka zopitilira 55 NDI
• Muli ndi mbiri ya zaka 30 zosuta fodya NDI
• Panopa mukusuta kapena mwasiya zaka 15 zapitazi

KUFUNA KWAMBIRI

• Amayi onse azaka zopitilira 50 omwe ali ndi zophulika ayenera kuyezetsa magazi (DEXA scan).
• Ngati simunakwanitse zaka 65 ndipo muli ndi zifukwa zoopsa zothetsera kufooka kwa mafupa, muyenera kuwunikidwa.

Mayeso athupi

• Magazi anu ayenera kuyang'aniridwa osachepera chaka chilichonse.
• Omwe amakupatsani mwayi angakulimbikitseni kuti muwone cholesterol wanu zaka zisanu zilizonse ngati muli pachiwopsezo cha matenda amtima.
• Kutalika kwanu, kulemera kwanu, komanso kuchuluka kwa thupi lanu (BMI) kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa pamayeso aliwonse.

Mukamayesa mayeso, omwe amakupatsani akhoza kukufunsani za:

• Matenda okhumudwa
• Zakudya ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Kumwa mowa ndi fodya
• Nkhani zachitetezo, monga kugwiritsa ntchito malamba apampando ndi zida zofufuzira utsi

KUYESA KWA Khungu

• Wopereka chithandizo wanu amatha kuwona khungu lanu ngati ali ndi khansa yapakhungu, makamaka ngati muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndi omwe adakhalapo ndi khansa yapakhungu m'mbuyomu, abale awo apamtima omwe ali ndi khansa yapakhungu, kapena chitetezo chamthupi chofooka.

Ulendo wokonzanso zaumoyo - azimayi - azaka 40 mpaka 64; Kuyezetsa thupi - azimayi - azaka 40 mpaka 64; Kuyesedwa kwapachaka - akazi - zaka 40 mpaka 64; Kufufuza - akazi - zaka 40 mpaka 64; Thanzi la amayi - zaka 40 mpaka 64; Njira zodzitetezera - azimayi - azaka 40 mpaka 64

• Mayeso amatsenga amatsenga
• Zotsatira zakubadwa kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Kufooka kwa mafupa

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