Poizoni chithandizo choyamba

Poizoni amayamba chifukwa chokhala ndi mankhwala owopsa. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa chomeza, jekeseni, kupumira, kapena njira zina. Ma poyizoni ambiri amapezeka mwangozi.

Thandizo loyamba mwachangu ndilofunika kwambiri pakagwa poizoni. Chithandizo choyamba chomwe mumapereka musanalandire chithandizo chamankhwala chitha kupulumutsa moyo wamunthu.

Nkhaniyi ndi yongodziwa zambiri. MUSAMAGWIRITSE NTCHITO pofuna kuchiza kapena kusamalira poizoni weniweni. Ngati inu kapena munthu amene muli naye muli ndi chidziwitso, itanani nambala yanu yadzidzidzi (monga 911), kapena malo omwe muli poizoni kwanuko atha kufikiridwa mwachindunji poyimbira foni ya nambala yaulere ya Poison Help (1-800-222-1222) kuchokera kulikonse ku United States.

Mamiliyoni a poizoni amafotokozedwa ku United States malo owongolera poyizoni chaka chilichonse. Zambiri zimabweretsa imfa.

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti chifukwa phukusi lilibe chizindikiro chochenjeza sizitanthauza kuti chinthu ndichabwino. Muyenera kulingalira za poyizoni ngati wina adwala mwadzidzidzi popanda chifukwa. Poizoni ayeneranso kuganiziridwa ngati munthuyo amapezeka pafupi ndi ng'anjo, galimoto, moto, kapena malo opanda mpweya wabwino.

Zizindikiro zakupha zimatha kutenga nthawi kuti ziyambe. Komabe, ngati mukuganiza kuti wina wapatsidwa chiphe, MUSADikire kuti ayambe kudwala. Pezani chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo.

Zinthu zomwe zingayambitse poyizoni ndi monga:

• Mpweya wa carbon monoxide (kuchokera pamavuni, ma gasi, moto, zotenthetsera malo)
• Zakudya zina
• Mankhwala kuntchito
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuphatikizapo owonjezera pa-counter ndi mankhwala akuchipatala (monga aspirin overdose) ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga cocaine
• Zotsuka zapakhomo ndi zinthu zoyeretsera
• Zomera zapakhomo ndi zakunja (kudya zomera zakupha)
• Mankhwala ophera tizilombo
• Zojambula

Zizindikiro zimasiyanasiyana kutengera poizoni, koma atha kukhala:

• Kupweteka m'mimba
• Milomo yabuluu
• Kupweteka pachifuwa
• Kusokonezeka
• Tsokomola
• Kutsekula m'mimba
• Kuvuta kupuma kapena kupuma movutikira
• Chizungulire
• Masomphenya awiri
• Kusinza
• Malungo
• Mutu
• Kugunda kwa mtima
• Kukwiya
• Kutaya njala
• Kutaya chikhodzodzo
• Minofu ikugwedezeka
• Nseru ndi kusanza
• Dzanzi ndi kumva kulasalasa
• Kugwidwa
• Kutupa pakhungu kapena kuwotcha
• Wopusa
• Kuzindikira (chikomokere)
• Fungo lachilendo la mpweya
• Kufooka

Funani thandizo lachipatala mwachangu.

Za poyizoni poyameza komanso kupumira pang'ono:

Onani ndikuwunika momwe munthu akuyendera, kupuma, komanso kugunda kwamunthu. Ngati ndi kotheka, yambani kupuma ndi CPR.

1. Yesetsani kuwonetsetsa kuti munthuyo waphedwadi. Kungakhale kovuta kunena. Zizindikiro zina zimaphatikizira kununkhiza kwa mankhwala, kuwotcha pakamwa, kupuma movutikira, kusanza, kapena kununkhira kwachilendo kwa munthuyo. Ngati ndi kotheka, pezani poyizoni.
2. MUSAMAPANGITSE munthu kutaya pansi pokhapokha atamuuza kuti achite izi mwa kuthira poyizoni kapena katswiri wazachipatala.
3. Ngati munthu akusanza, tsambulani njira ya munthuyo. Manga nsalu zala zako usanatsuke mkamwa ndi pakhosi. Ngati munthuyo wadwala ndi gawo lazomera, sungani masanzi ake. Zitha kuthandiza akatswiri kudziwa mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthandizanso poyizoni.
4. Munthuyo akayamba kusokonezeka, perekani chithandizo choyamba.
5. Khalani womasuka kwa munthuyo. Munthuyo amayenera kukulungidwa kumanzere, ndikukhala komweko pomwe akulandira kapena kudikirira thandizo lachipatala.
6. Ngati poyizoni watayikira pa zovala za munthuyo, chotsani chovalacho ndikutsuka khungu ndi madzi.

Za poyizoni poyizoni:

Itanani thandizo ladzidzidzi. Osayesa kupulumutsa munthu osadziwitsa ena kaye.

Ngati zili bwino kutero, mpulumutseni ku ngozi ya mpweya, utsi, kapena utsi. Tsegulani mawindo ndi zitseko kuti muchotse utsi.

1. Pumani mpweya wabwino kangapo, kenako mupumule pamene mukulowa. Gwirani nsalu yonyowa pamphuno ndi pakamwa.
2. Musayatse machesi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito choyatsira magetsi chifukwa mpweya winawake ukhoza kuyaka moto.
3. Pambuyo populumutsa munthuyo pangozi, fufuzani ndikuwunika momwe munthuyo akuyendera, kupuma, komanso kugunda kwake. Ngati ndi kotheka, yambani kupuma ndi CPR.
4. Ngati ndi kotheka, chitani chithandizo choyamba chovulala m'maso kapena chithandizo chamankhwala choyambirira.
5. Ngati munthu akusanza, tsambulani njira ya munthuyo. Manga nsalu zala zako usanatsuke mkamwa ndi pakhosi.
6. Ngakhale munthuyo akuwoneka bwino, pitani kuchipatala.

OSA:

• Patsani munthu wakumva chilichonse pakamwa.
• Limbikitsani kusanza pokhapokha mutauzidwa kuti muchite izi ndi Poizoni Center kapena dokotala. Poizoni wamphamvu yemwe amayaka pakhosi pake adzawononganso pobwerera.
• Yesetsani kuchepetsa poizoni ndi madzi a mandimu kapena viniga, kapena chinthu china chilichonse, pokhapokha ngati mwauzidwa ndi Poison Control Center kapena dokotala.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala amtundu uliwonse "ochiritsa" onse.
• Yembekezerani zizindikilo ngati mukukayikira kuti wina wapatsidwa poyizoni.

Malo omwe muli poizoni kwanuko atha kufikiridwa mwachindunji mwa kuyimbira foni nambala yaulere ya dziko lonse (1-800-222-1222) kuchokera kulikonse ku United States. Akupatsani malangizo ena.

Uwu ndi ntchito yaulere komanso yachinsinsi. Malo onse oletsa poizoni ku United States amagwiritsa ntchito nambala iyi. Muyenera kuyimba ngati muli ndi mafunso aliwonse okhudzana ndi poyizoni kapena kupewa poyizoni. Sichiyenera kukhala chadzidzidzi. Mutha kuyimba pazifukwa zilizonse, maola 24 patsiku, masiku 7 pasabata.

Mutatha kuchita zothandizira kunyumba, mungafunike kupita kuchipinda chadzidzidzi. Tengani chidebecho kuchipatala, ngati zingatheke. Kuchipatala mudzayesedwa. Mwinanso mungafunike mayeso ndi chithandizo chotsatirachi.

• Makina oyambitsidwa
• Thandizo la airway, kuphatikiza oxygen, chubu lopumira kudzera pakamwa (intubation), ndi makina opumira (makina opumira)
• Kuyesa magazi ndi mkodzo
• X-ray pachifuwa
• Kujambula kwa CT (kompyuta ya tomography, kapena kulingalira bwino)
• EKG (electrocardiogram, kapena kutsata mtima)
• Zamadzimadzi kudzera mumitsempha (IV)
• Mankhwala otsegulitsa m'mimba
• Mankhwala ochizira zizindikiro, kuphatikizapo mankhwala obwezeretsa zovuta za poyizoni ngati alipo

Dziwani za ziphe m'nyumba mwanu komanso mozungulira. Tengani njira zotetezera ana ang'ono ku zinthu zowopsa. Sungani mankhwala onse, zotsukira, zodzoladzola, ndi mankhwala apanyumba pomwe ana sangakwanitse, kapena makabati okhala ndi zotchingira ana.

Dziwani bwino zomera m'nyumba mwanu, pabwalo, ndi pafupi. Dziwitsani ana anu, inunso. Chotsani zomera zilizonse zapoizoni. Musadye zomera zakutchire, bowa, mizu, kapena zipatso pokhapokha mutazidziwa bwino.

Phunzitsani ana za kuopsa kwa zinthu zomwe zili ndi poizoni. Lembani ziphe zonse.

Musasunge mankhwala apanyumba m'zosungira zakudya, ngakhale atayikidwa chizindikiro. Zinthu zambiri zopanda zakudya zimakhala ndi poizoni ngati zimamwa kwambiri.

Ngati mukuda nkhawa kuti ziphe za mafakitole zitha kuipitsa malo oyandikira kapena madzi, lembani nkhawa zanu ku dipatimenti ya zaumoyo kapena ku boma kapena ku Federal Protection Agency.

Ziwopsezo zina kapena kuwonekera pazachilengedwe sizifuna kuchuluka kwakukulu kapena kulumikizana kuti zidziwitse komanso kuvulala. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza chithandizo nthawi yomweyo kuti mupewe kuvulazidwa kwambiri. Zotsatira zake zimatengera mtundu wa poyizoni yemwe munthuyo adakumana naye komanso chisamaliro chomwe amalandira kuti athetse vutoli.

• Yang'anani njira yopita pandege

Gummin DD, Mowry JB, Spyker DA, Brooks DE, Osterthaler KM, Banner W. 2017 Lipoti lapachaka la American Association of Poison Control Centers 'National Poison Data System (NPDS): lipoti la 35th lapachaka. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2018; 56 (12): 1213-1415. PMID: 30576252 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30576252. (Adasankhidwa)

Meehan TJ. Yandikirani kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi poyizoni. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 139.

Nelson LS, Ford MD. Pachimake poyizoni. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. Wolemba 25. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 110.