Brachytherapy yamawere pang'ono

Brachytherapy ya khansa ya m'mawere imaphatikizaponso kuyika zinthu zowononga ma radiation pamalo pomwe khansa ya m'mawere yachotsedwa m'mawere.

Maselo a khansa amachuluka mofulumira kuposa maselo abwinobwino m'thupi. Chifukwa ma radiation ndi owopsa kumaselo omwe akukula mwachangu, ma radiation amawononga ma cell a khansa mosavuta kuposa ma cell wamba. Izi zimalepheretsa maselo a khansa kuti akule ndikugawana, ndikupangitsa kufa kwama cell.

Brachytherapy imapereka chithandizo cha radiation mwachindunji komwe ma cell a khansa mkati mwa bere amapezeka. Zitha kuphatikizira kuyika gwero la radioactive pamalo opangira opaleshoni pambuyo poti dotolo wachotsa chotupa cha m'mawere. Kuchepetsa kwa ma radiation kumangofika kudera laling'ono mozungulira malo opangira opaleshoni. Sichiza bere lonse, ndichifukwa chake amatchedwa "pang'ono mabere" mankhwala othandizira poizoni kapena pang'ono ma brachytherapy. Cholinga ndikuchepetsa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha radiation kuti akhale ochepa pang'ono.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya brachytherapy. Pali njira zosachepera ziwiri zoperekera cheza chochokera mkati mwa bere.

BRACHYTHERAPY WOPHUNZITSIRA (IMB)

• Masingano ang'onoang'ono angapo okhala ndi machubu otchedwa catheters amayikidwa kudzera pakhungu pamatumba a m'mawere mozungulira lumpectomy. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri 1 mpaka masabata awiri atachitidwa opaleshoni.
• Mammography, ultrasound, kapena CT scans amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika zinthu zowulutsa ma radio pomwe zingathandize kwambiri kupha khansa.
• Zinthu zowulutsa ma radio zimayikidwa mu catheters ndipo zimatsalira kwa sabata limodzi.
• Nthawi zina ma radiation amatha kuperekedwa kawiri patsiku kwa masiku 5 ndi makina owongoleredwa kutali.

INTRACAVITARY BRACHYTHERAPY (IBB)

• Pambuyo pochotsa chotupa cha m'mawere, pali malo pomwe khansayo idachotsedwa. Chida chomwe chili ndi buluni ndi chubu chomwe chili ndi ngalande zomwe zimadutsamo chimatha kulowetsedwa. Patangotha ​​masiku ochepa kuchokera pamenepo, cheza chooneka ngati timatumba tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono titha kulowa munjira, ndikupereka cheza kuchokera mkati mwa buluni. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika kawiri patsiku kwa masiku asanu. Nthawi zina catheter imayikidwa panthawi ya opaleshoni yoyamba pamene mukugona.
• Kujambula kwa Ultrasound kapena CT kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera mayikidwe enieni a zinthu zowononga radio pomwe zingathandize kwambiri kupha khansa ndikuteteza minofu yoyandikana nayo.
• Catheter (buluni) imakhalabe m'malo mozungulira 1 mpaka milungu iwiri ndipo imachotsedwa kuofesi ya omwe amakupatsani. Zokopa zingafunike kuti mutseke koboo komwe catheter imachotsedwa.

Brachytherapy itha kuperekedwa ngati "low dose" kapena "high dose."

• Omwe amalandira chithandizo chotsika kwambiri amasungidwa mchipatala m'chipinda chapayokha. Magetsi amatumizidwa pang'onopang'ono kwa maola mpaka masiku.
• Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa ngati kuchipatala komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito makina akutali, nthawi zambiri kuposa masiku asanu kapena masiku. Nthawi zina mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kawiri tsiku limodzi, olekanitsidwa ndi maola 4 mpaka 6 pakati pa magawo. Chithandizo chilichonse chimatenga pafupifupi mphindi 15 mpaka 20.

Njira zina ndi monga:

• Kukhazikika kwamphesa kosatha (PBSI), momwe mbewu zamagetsi zimayikidwa payekha kudzera mu singano m'chifuwa patatha milungu ingapo kuchokera ku lumpectomy.
• Mankhwala opangira ma radiation operekera opaleshoni amaperekedwa m'chipinda chogwiritsira ntchito muli mtulo mutachotsa minofu ya m'mawere. Mankhwalawa amalizidwa pasanathe ola limodzi. Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito makina akuluakulu a x-ray mkati mwa chipinda chogwiritsira ntchito.

Akatswiri adamva kuti khansa zina zimatha kubwerera pafupi ndi malo opangira opaleshoni. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina, bere lonse silingafunikire kulandira radiation. Kuwunikira pang'ono m'mawere kumangogwira mawere ena koma osati mawere onse, kuyang'ana komwe khansa imatha kubwerera.

Brachytherapy ya m'mawere imathandiza kupewa khansa ya m'mawere kuti isabwerere. Thandizo la radiation limaperekedwa pambuyo pa lumpectomy kapena pang'ono mastectomy. Njirayi imatchedwa kuti adjuvant (yowonjezera) mankhwala othandizira poizoniyu chifukwa ikuwonjezera chithandizo chopitilira opaleshoni.

Chifukwa njira izi sizinaphunzirenso ngati mankhwala a radiation ya m'mawere onse, palibe mgwirizano wonse woti ndani angapindule nawo.

Mitundu ya khansa ya m'mawere yomwe imatha kuchiritsidwa ndi ma radiation apakati ndi awa:

• Ductal carcinoma mu situ (DCIS)
• Khansa ya m'mawere yowopsa

Zina zomwe zingayambitse kugwiritsa ntchito brachytherapy ndi izi:

• Kukula kwa zotupa zosakwana 2 cm mpaka 3 cm (pafupifupi inchi)
• Palibe umboni wa chotupa m'mbali mwa chotupa chomwe chachotsedwa
• Ma lymph lymph alibe chotupa, kapena chinthu chimodzi chokha chomwe chimakhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono

Uzani wothandizira wanu mankhwala omwe mukumwa.

Valani zovala zokumasulani popita kuchipatala.

Mankhwalawa amatha kuwononga kapena kupha maselo athanzi. Imfa yamaselo athanzi imatha kubweretsa zovuta. Zotsatirazi zimadalira kuchuluka kwa radiation, komanso kuti mumalandira kangati mankhwalawa.

• Mutha kukhala ndi kutentha kapena chidwi kuzungulira malo opangira opaleshoni.
• Mutha kukhala ndi kufiira, kukoma mtima, kapena matenda.
• Thumba lamadzi (seroma) limatha kupezeka pamalo opangira opaleshoni ndipo limafunikira kukhetsedwa.
• Khungu lanu pamalo omwe amathandizidwayo limatha kukhala lofiira kapena lakuda, khungu, kapena kuyabwa.

Zotsatira zazitali zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuchepetsa kukula kwa mawere
• Kuchuluka kulimba kwa bere kapena asymmetry
• Kufiira kwa khungu ndi kusintha

Sipanakhale maphunziro apamwamba kwambiri poyerekeza brachytherapy ndi ma radiation onse a m'mawere. Komabe, maphunziro ena awonetsa kuti zotsatira zake ndizofanana ndi azimayi omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere.

Khansa ya m'mawere - tsankho poizoniyu mankhwala; Carcinoma ya m'mawere - tsankho radiation mankhwala; Brachytherapy - bere; Adjuvant pang'ono ma radiation - brachytherapy; APBI - brachytherapy; Kuthamangitsidwa kwapadera kwa mawere - brachytherapy; Tsankho la mawere a mawere - brachytherapy; Kukhazikika kwa mbewu ya m'mawere kosatha; PBSI; Mankhwala otsika a radiotherapy - bere; High-mlingo radiotherapy - m'mawere; Pakompyuta buluni brachytherapy; EBB; Brachytherapy yamkati; IBB; Brachytherapy yapakati; IMB

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere (wamkulu) (PDQ) - mtundu wa akatswiri azaumoyo. www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/chithandizo-chifupa-pdq. Idasinthidwa pa February 11, 2021. Idapezeka pa Marichi 11, 2021.

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Thandizo la radiation ndi inu: chithandizo cha anthu omwe ali ndi khansa. www.cancer.gov/publications/patient-education/radiationttherapy.pdf. Idasinthidwa mu Okutobala 2016. Idapezeka pa Okutobala 5, 2020.

Otter SJ, Holloway CL, O'Farrell DA, PM wa Devlin, Stewart AJ. Brachytherapy. Mu: Tepper JE, Foote RL, Michalski JM, olemba. Gunderson ndi Tepper's Clinical Radiation Oncology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: mutu 20.

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