Mitundu yayikulu ya angina, zizindikiro ndi momwe angachiritsire

Zamkati

• Mitundu yayikulu ya angina
• 1. Khola angina
• 2. Angina wosakhazikika
• 3. Prinzmetal angina kapena zosintha
• Momwe matendawa amapangidwira
• Kodi angina ali ndi mankhwala?

Angina, yemwenso amadziwika kuti angina pectoris, imafanana ndi kumverera kwa kulemera, kupweteka kapena kukanika pachifuwa komwe kumachitika pakachepetsa magazi m'mitsempha yomwe imanyamula mpweya kumtima, poti izi zimadziwika kuti ischemia ya mtima.

Nthawi zambiri, ischemia yamtima ndi chifukwa cha atherosclerosis, yomwe imadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'mitsempha ya coronary, yomwe imakonda kupezeka kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol chambiri kapena matenda a shuga. Onani zifukwa zazikulu zisanu za atherosclerosis.

Mtima ischemia ndipo, chifukwa chake, angina, ndiofala kwambiri kwa anthu azaka zopitilira 50 ndipo ayenera kuthandizidwa mwachangu, chifukwa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha infarction, kumangidwa kwamtima ndi matenda ena amtima, monga arrhythmia, mtima kulephera kapena Stroke , Mwachitsanzo.

Mitundu yayikulu ya angina

Pali mitundu ingapo ya angina, yomwe imatha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi zizindikilo zomwe zidaperekedwa, yayikulu ndiyo:

1. Khola angina

Zimayambitsidwa ndi ischemia yanthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti imachitika munthu akamayesetsa kapena atha kupsinjika, mwachitsanzo, kutsika pang'ono kwakanthawi kothamanga kwa magazi. Mtundu wa angina ndiofala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wina wamatenda a atherosclerosis, omwe amatha kukulira ndipo angayambitse matenda amtima.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Zizindikiro zomwe zimakhudzana ndi angina khola ndikukhazikika kapena kutentha m'chifuwa, komwe kumatenga mphindi 5 mpaka 10, ndipo kumatha kuwonekera paphewa, mkono kapena khosi. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kapena mphindi zakukhudzidwa, ndikusintha ndi kupumula kapena ndi mankhwala ochepetsa mitsempha ndikuwonjezera magazi, monga Isordil.

Kodi chithandizo: Pankhani ya angina wokhazikika, katswiri wa zamitsempha nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kupumula ndipo, nthawi zina, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a vasodilator, monga Dinitrate kapena Isosorbide Mononitrate (Isordil), kuti magazi aziyenda bwino mumtsempha.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi zizolowezi zabwino popewa angina kuti isadzachitikenso, chifukwa cha izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti munthuyo azitha kuyendetsa kuthamanga, cholesterol ndi shuga wamagazi, kuphatikiza pa kufunika kokhala ndi chakudya chochepa mchere, mafuta ndi shuga komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi.

2. Angina wosakhazikika

Imeneyi ndi vuto lalikulu kuposa angina wolimba, chifukwa imayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa mpweya wa mtima, chifukwa chophukira komanso kutupa kwa cholembera cha atherosclerosis chomwe chimayambitsa zizindikilo zowopsa komanso zosasinthika, kuwonedwa ngati mawonekedwe a pre-infarction .

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Zizindikiro zazikulu za khola la angina ndikumva kuwawa, kulimba kapena kuwotcha m'chifuwa komwe kumatenga mphindi zopitilira 20, komwe kumawonekeranso kumadera oyandikira ndipo kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zizindikilo zina monga kunyansidwa, thukuta komanso kupuma movutikira. Zizindikiro izi zikayamba, muyenera kupita kuchipinda chadzidzidzi nthawi yomweyo. Dziwani zomwe kupweteka pachifuwa kungakhale.

Kodi chithandizo: Chithandizo choyambirira chachitika kale mchipinda chadzidzidzi, ndi njira zothandizira kupewa kukulira kwa zizindikilo, monga:

• Mankhwala othandizira kuti magazi aziyenda bwino, wa mtundu wa nitrate, monga Isordil, beta-blockers, ngati Metoprolol, kapena calcium channel blockers, monga Verapamil ndi Morphine, pomwe zizindikilozo zimakhala zazikulu;
• Mankhwala ochepetsa kupangika kwa magazi, pogwiritsa ntchito antiplatelet agents, monga AAS ndi Clopidogrel kapena Prasugrel ndi Ticlopidine, ndi anticoagulants, monga Heparin.
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a mtundu wa ACEI, monga Captopril, kapena othandizira kutsitsa lipid oletsa cholesterol, monga Atorvastatin.

Pambuyo pa chithandizo choyambirira, katswiri wa zamaphunziro amapitiliza kufufuza kuchuluka kwa zotsekula m'mimba komanso kukhudzidwa kwa mtima kudzera m'mayeso monga echocardiography, scintigraphy ya mtima ndi catheterization yamtima.

Monga momwe angina amakhazikika, mu angina wosakhazikika ndikofunikanso kuthana ndi zoopsa, monga kupsinjika kwa mafuta, cholesterol, magazi m'magazi, kuphatikiza pakuwongolera chakudya ndikuchita zolimbitsa thupi, malingaliro omwe ali ofunikira kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso kuchokera mumtima .

3. Prinzmetal angina kapena zosintha

Mtundu wa angina ulibe chifukwa chomveka ndipo umachitika chifukwa cha kuphipha kwa mitsempha, momwe kusokonekera kwa magazi kumayambira ngakhale munthuyo atakhala kuti alibe mafuta mumtsempha kapena mitundu ina yocheperako.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Pankhani ya angina ya Prinzmetal, kupweteka kwambiri kapena kufinya pachifuwa kumatha kuzindikirika, komwe kumachitika ngakhale panthawi yopuma ndipo pang'onopang'ono kumapita bwino pakapita mphindi zochepa. Zimakhalanso zachizolowezi kuwonekera nthawi yogona kapena m'mawa.

Kodi chithandizo: Chithandizo cha angina choterechi chimachitidwa motsogoleredwa ndi katswiri wa mtima ndipo nthawi zambiri chimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a nitrate kapena calcium channel blockers, monga Diltiazem ndi Verapamil, mwachitsanzo.

Momwe matendawa amapangidwira

Panthawi yamavuto, angina amadziwika ndi matenda a mtima kudzera pakuwunika zizindikilo zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi munthuyo, kuphatikiza pakuwunika zotsatira za mayeso ena, monga electrocardiogram, chifuwa cha X-ray ndi muyeso wa michere yamtima m'magazi. Kuphatikiza pa izi, mayesero ena atha kulamulidwa kuti atsimikizire matendawa, monga kuyesa zolimbitsa thupi, myocardial scintigraphy, echocardiography ndi catheterization yamtima.

Catheterization yamtima ndimayeso ofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa, kuwonjezera pakuwunikira molondola kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi ndikuwunika kupezeka kwa kusintha kwa magazi, imatha kuthana ndi zomwe zimalepheretsa, kudzera angioplasty, ndikukhazikitsidwa kwa stent kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chibaluni kutsegula mtsempha wamagazi. Dziwani chomwe chikuyimira komanso kuopsa kwa catheterization yamtima.

Kodi angina ali ndi mankhwala?

Angina amatha kuchiritsidwa mwa anthu omwe amatha kuchiza mtima ischemia malinga ndi zomwe katswiriyu wamankhwala amupatsa. Milandu yambiri imayendetsedwa bwino pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe adalangizidwa ndi a cardiologist, pomwe ena omwe ali ovuta kwambiri amafunikira catheterization kapena kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya mtima.

Malangizo ena othandiza othandizira angina ndi awa:

• Tengani mankhwala operekedwa ndi dokotala;
• Siyani kusuta;
• Landirani zakudya zabwino;
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi (motsogozedwa ndi akatswiri);
• Pewani kudya mopitirira muyeso ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa;
• Pewani mchere ndi caffeine;
• Yesetsani kupanikizika;
• Pewani kupsinjika;
• Pewani kutentha kapena kuzizira kwambiri, chifukwa amathanso kuyambitsa angina.

Ndi malingaliro awa, kuphatikiza pakuchiza angina, ndizotheka kupewa kukula kapena kuwonekera kwa zikwangwani zatsopano zamafuta m'mitsempha yama coronary.