Mankhwala Othandiza Kuthetsa Nkhawa

Zamkati

• Benzodiazepines
• Buspirone
• Mankhwala opatsirana pogonana
• SSRIs
• Zamgululi
• MAOIs
• Beta-blockers
• Zithandizo zapakhomo zamavuto
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Sinkhasinkhani
• Yesani chamomile
• Ndikumva mafuta a aromatherapy
• Pewani caffeine
• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu
• Mafunso ndi mayankho
• Funso:
• Yankho:

Za mankhwala

Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi nkhawa nthawi ina m'miyoyo yawo, ndipo nthawi zambiri kudzimva kumatha pakokha. Matenda a nkhawa ndi osiyana. Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi imodzi, mumafunika kuthandizidwa kuti muchepetse nkhawa. Chithandizo chimakhala ndi psychotherapy ndi mankhwala.

Ngakhale mankhwala samachiza nkhawa, amatha kukuthandizani kuthana ndi zizindikilo zanu, kuti muthe kugwira ntchito bwino ndikumva bwino m'moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku.

Mitundu yambiri yamankhwala ilipo. Chifukwa munthu aliyense ndi wosiyana, inu ndi dokotala mungafunike kuyesa mankhwala angapo kuti mupeze oyenera.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines ndi mankhwala omwe amathandizira kupumula minofu yanu ndikukhazika mtima pansi. Amagwira ntchito poonjezera zotsatira za ma neurotransmitter ena, omwe ndi mankhwala omwe amatumiza uthenga pakati pama cell amubongo wanu.

Benzodiazepines amathandizira kuthana ndi mavuto amitundu yambiri, kuphatikiza mantha amisala, nkhawa yayikulu, komanso nkhawa yamagulu. Zitsanzo za mankhwalawa ndi monga:

• alprazolam (Xanax)
• chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
• clonazepam (Klonopin)
• diazepam (Valium)
• Lorazepam (Ativan)

Benzodiazepines amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza nkhawa kwakanthawi. Izi ndichifukwa choti amatha kukulitsa tulo ndikubweretsa mavuto ndikulingalira bwino. Akhozanso kukhala chizolowezi. Pali mliri wochuluka wa kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa benzodiazepine.

Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mpaka dokotala atakupatsani mankhwala ena. Komabe, ngati muli ndi vuto la mantha, dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani benzodiazepines kwa chaka chimodzi.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Kuphatikiza pa kugona ndi kukumbukira, kutenga benzodiazepines kungayambitsenso chisokonezo, mavuto amaso, mutu, komanso kukhumudwa.

Ngati mwatenga benzodiazepine pafupipafupi kwa milungu yopitilira iwiri, ndikofunikira kuti musayimitse mapiritsi modzidzimutsa, chifukwa izi zimatha kuyambitsa khunyu mwa anthu ena. M'malo mwake, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono mlingo wanu kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu.

Buspirone

Buspirone imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza nkhawa zakanthawi kochepa komanso zovuta zanthawi yayitali. Sizimamveka bwino momwe buspirone imagwirira ntchito, koma amaganiza kuti imakhudza mankhwala muubongo omwe amawongolera kusintha kwamaganizidwe.

Buspirone imatha kutenga milungu ingapo kuti igwire bwino ntchito. Ilipo ngati mankhwala achibadwa komanso dzina lodziwika bwino la mankhwala osokoneza bongo Buspar.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Anthu ena amafotokozanso za maloto achilendo kapena kugona movutikira akamamwa buspirone.

Mankhwala opatsirana pogonana

Mankhwala olepheretsa kupanikizika amagwira ntchito pokhudza ma neurotransmitters. Mankhwalawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi nkhawa, koma nthawi zambiri amatenga milungu inayi kapena isanu ndi umodzi kuti apange zotsatira zowonekera.

Mitundu ya antidepressants ndi iyi:

SSRIs

Kusankha serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) kumagwira ntchito powonjezera kuchuluka kwa serotonin, neurotransmitter yomwe imakhudza malingaliro, chilakolako chogonana, chilakolako chogona, kugona, ndi kukumbukira. Ma SSRIs amayamba pamlingo wochepa womwe dokotala amakula pang'onopang'ono.

Zitsanzo za ma SSRIs omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi nkhawa ndi awa:

• escitalopram (Lexapro)
• fluoxetine (Prozac)
• paroxetine (Paxil)
• mankhwala (Zoloft)

Zotsatira zoyipa

SSRIs imatha kuyambitsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana, koma anthu ambiri amazilekerera bwino. Zotsatira zoyipa zimatha kuphatikiza:

• nseru
• pakamwa pouma
• kufooka kwa minofu
• kutsegula m'mimba
• chizungulire
• Kusinza
• Kulephera kugonana

Ngati muli ndi nkhawa zokhudzana ndi zovuta zina, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.

Zamgululi

Tricyclics imagwiranso ntchito ngati ma SSRIs pochiza zovuta zambiri, kupatula matenda osokoneza bongo (OCD). Zimaganiziridwa kuti ma tricyclic amagwiranso ntchito mofanana ndi ma SSRIs. Monga ma SSRI, ma tricyclic amayambitsidwa pamlingo wochepa kenako ndikuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.

Zitsanzo za ma tricyclic omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuda nkhawa ndi awa:

• clomipramine (Anafranil)
• imipramine (Tofranil)

Tricyclics ndi mankhwala akale omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi chifukwa mankhwala atsopano amayambitsa zovuta zochepa.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Zotsatira zoyipa za ma tricyclics atha kukhala chizungulire, kugona, kusowa mphamvu, ndi pakamwa pouma. Zitha kuphatikizanso kunyansidwa ndi kusanza, kudzimbidwa, kusawona bwino, komanso kunenepa. Zotsatira zoyipa zimatha kuwongoleredwa posintha mulingo kapena kusinthira ku tricyclic ina.

MAOIs

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda amantha komanso mantha a anthu. Amagwira ntchito poonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma neurotransmitters omwe amawongolera kusintha kwamaganizidwe.

MAOIs omwe amavomerezedwa ndi FDA kuti athetse kukhumudwa koma osagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba nkhawa amakhala ndi:

• isocarboxazid (Marplan)
• phenelzine (Nardil)
• selegiline (Emsam)
• tranylcypromine (Zamasamba)

Zotsatira zoyipa

Monga ma tricyclic, MAOIs ndi mankhwala akale omwe amayambitsa zovuta zina kuposa mankhwala atsopano. MAOIs amabweranso ndi zoletsa zina. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mutenga MAOI, simungadye zakudya zina, monga tchizi ndi vinyo wofiira.

Mankhwala ena, kuphatikiza ma SSRIs, mapiritsi ena oletsa kubereka, opewetsa ululu, monga acetaminophen ndi ibuprofen, mankhwala ozizira ndi owopsa, komanso mankhwala azitsamba amatha kuthana ndi MAOIs.

Kugwiritsa ntchito MAOI ndi zakudya kapena mankhwalawa kumatha kukulitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuwononga zovuta zina zowopsa.

Beta-blockers

Beta-blockers amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza matenda amtima. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito polemba kuti athandize kuthana ndi zizindikilo zakuthupi, makamaka pamavuto azikhalidwe.

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani beta-blocker monga propranolol (Inderal) kuti akuthandizeni kuchepetsa zizindikilo zanu pamavuto, monga kupita kuphwando kapena kuyankhula.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Ma Beta blockers samayambitsa mavuto kwa aliyense amene amawatenga.

Zotsatira zina zoyipa zingaphatikizepo:

• kutopa
• chizungulire
• Kusinza
• pakamwa pouma

Zotsatira zina zingakhale monga:

• kuvuta kugona
• nseru
• kupuma movutikira

Zithandizo zapakhomo zamavuto

Pali zochitika zosiyanasiyana zapakhomo zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuchepetsa nkhawa zanu. Njira zingapo zitha kuchitidwanso kuwonjezera pa kumwa mankhwala.

Zitsanzo za njirazi zikuphatikizapo:

Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumatha kuchepetsa nkhawa ndikukhala ndi moyo wabwino, malinga ndi Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA).

Zimathandizira kupanga ma neurotransmitters omwe amadziwika kuti endorphins. Ma neurotransmitters awa ndi mankhwala opha thupi achilengedwe ndipo amathanso kupititsa patsogolo kugona kwanu.

ADAA inanena kuti ngakhale magawo ochepa azolimbitsa thupi (pafupifupi mphindi 10 nthawi) amakhala othandiza kuthana ndi vuto lanu.

Sinkhasinkhani

Kutenga mphindi 15 zakachetechete ndikusinkhasinkha kuyang'ana kupuma kwambiri ndikupumula kumatha kuchepetsa nkhawa. Mutha kumvera nyimbo kapena kubwereza mawu olimbikitsa nthawi zonse. Yoga imathandizanso kuthana ndi nkhawa.

Yesani chamomile

Kutumiza tiyi wa chamomile kapena kumwa chamomile kumathandizira kuti muchepetse nkhawa.

Kafukufuku wakhungu kawiri mu 2016 wofalitsidwa mu magazini ya Phytomedicine adayang'ana kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la nkhawa.

Kafukufukuyu adawona kuti omwe akutenga nawo mbali omwe amatenga zowonjezera ma 500-milligram chamomile katatu patsiku tsiku lililonse amafotokoza kuchepa kwa nkhawa yayikulu.

Kumwa tiyi wa chamomile kwawonetsedwanso kuti kumathandiza kuchepetsa nkhawa.

Ndikumva mafuta a aromatherapy

Mafuta onunkhira a aromatherapy amatha kuthandiza kuchepetsa nkhawa, malinga ndi nkhani yomwe idasindikizidwa mu magazini ya Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.

Zitsanzo zamafuta ofunikira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka nkhawa ndi awa:

• lavenda
• Nthano
• chamomile

Pewani caffeine

Nthawi zina caffeine imatha kupangitsa munthu kudzimva kuti ndi wopusa komanso amakhala ndi nkhawa. Kupewa kungathandize anthu ena kuchepetsa nkhawa zawo.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuthandizani kupeza njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira matenda anu ovutika. Chithandizo choyenera chingaphatikizepo psychotherapy ndi mankhwala.

Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira malangizo awo mukamamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikuwadziwitsani za zovuta zilizonse zomwe muli nazo. Komanso, funsani mafunso aliwonse omwe muli nawo okhudzana ndi matenda anu kapena chithandizo chanu, monga:

• Ndi zovuta ziti zomwe ndingakhale nazo kuchokera kumankhwalawa?
• Zitenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti muyambe kugwira ntchito?
• Kodi mankhwalawa amagwirizana ndi mankhwala ena aliwonse omwe ndikumwa?
• Kodi munganditumizireko kwa asing'anga?
• Kodi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungandithandizire kuchepetsa nkhawa?

Ngati mukumva kuti mankhwala sakukupatsani zotsatira zomwe mukufuna kapena zikuyambitsa zovuta zina, lankhulani ndi dokotala musanamwe.

Mafunso ndi mayankho

Funso:

Kodi psychotherapy ingathandize bwanji kuthana ndi nkhawa?

Yankho:

Chidziwitso chamakhalidwe (CBT) ndi mtundu wa psychotherapy womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pochiza zovuta zamavuto. CBT imakuthandizani kusintha malingaliro anu ndi momwe mumayankhira pazomwe zimayambitsa nkhawa. Nthawi zambiri ndimachiritso akanthawi kochepa ophatikizira maulendo 10 mpaka 20 ndi wothandizira kwa milungu ingapo.

Pakuchezera izi, mumaphunzira kumvetsetsa momwe mumaonera moyo ndikuwongolera malingaliro anu. Muphunzira kupewa kuganiza kuti mavuto ang'onoang'ono akhala mavuto akulu, kuzindikira ndikusintha malingaliro omwe amakupangitsani kukhala ndi nkhawa komanso mantha, komanso kuti muchepetse kupsinjika kwanu ndi kupumula pakakhala zisonyezo.

Therapy itha kuphatikizaponso kukhumudwitsa. Izi zitha kukupangitsani kuti musamvetsere zinthu zomwe mumawopa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mumakonda kwambiri majeremusi, wothandizira anu akhoza kukulimbikitsani kuti muipitse manja anu osasamba nthawi yomweyo. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, pamene mukuyamba kuwona kuti palibe choipa chomwe chimachitika, mudzatha kupita nthawi yayitali osasamba m'manja ndikuchepetsa nkhawa.