Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Asperger's ndi Autism?

Zamkati

• About Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
• Za Asperger's syndrome
• Njira zodziwitsa matenda a Asperger
• Asperger's vs. Autism: Kodi pali kusiyana kotani?
• Kodi njira zamankhwala zimasiyana ndi Asperger's ndi autism?
• Tengera kwina

Mutha kumva anthu ambiri akutchula Asperger's syndrome mu mpweya womwewo monga autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Asperger nthawi ina amawonedwa kuti ndi osiyana ndi ASD. Koma matenda a Asperger kulibenso. Zizindikiro zomwe kale zinali gawo la matenda a Asperger tsopano zikugwera ASD.

Pali kusiyana pakati pa mawu akuti "Asperger's" ndi zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti "autism." Koma ndikofunikira kulowa mu zomwe Asperger ali komanso chifukwa chake tsopano akuwonedwa ngati gawo la ASD.

Pitilizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe zambiri zamavuto awa.

About Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Si ana onse autistic omwe ali ndi zizindikilo zofananira za autism kapena amakumana ndi zizindikilozi chimodzimodzi.

Ndicho chifukwa chake autism imawerengedwa kuti ndi yotheka. Pali machitidwe osiyanasiyana komanso zokumana nazo zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti zimagwera pansi pa ambulera yodziwika ndi matenda a autism.

Nayi malingaliro achidule amachitidwe omwe angapangitse kuti munthu adziwe kuti ali ndi autism:

• Kusiyanasiyana pakukonzekera zochitika, monga kukhudza kapena kumveka, kuchokera kwa iwo omwe amawerengedwa kuti ndi "neurotypical"
• Kusiyanasiyana kwamitundu yophunzirira komanso njira zothetsera mavuto, monga kuphunzira mwachangu mitu yovuta kapena yovuta koma kukhala ndi vuto lodziwa ntchito zakuthupi kapena kukambirana
• zokonda zozama, zokhazikika mitu yapadera
• mayendedwe obwereza kapena machitidwe (nthawi zina amatchedwa "kuwonda"), monga kupukusa manja kapena kugwedeza mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo
• chikhumbo champhamvu chokhazikika pamachitidwe kapena kukhazikitsa dongosolo, monga kutsatira ndondomeko yomweyi tsiku lililonse kapena kukonza zinthu zanu m'njira inayake
• zovuta kukonza ndikupanga kulumikizana pakamwa kapena mopanda mawu, monga kukhala ndi vuto kufotokoza malingaliro m'mawu kapena kuwonetsa malingaliro panja
• Kuvuta kukonza kapena kutenga nawo mbali pazokambirana ndi anthu, monga mwa kupereka moni kwa munthu wina amene anawapatsa moni

Za Asperger's syndrome

Matenda a Asperger kale anali ngati "ofatsa" kapena "ogwira ntchito kwambiri" a autism.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu omwe adalandira matenda a Asperger amakonda kukhala ndi machitidwe a autism omwe nthawi zambiri amawonedwa kuti ndi osiyana pang'ono ndi anthu amanjenje.

Asperger adayambitsidwa koyamba mu Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM) mu 1994.

Izi zidachitika chifukwa katswiri wazamisala wachingerezi a Lorna Wing adamasulira ntchito za sing'anga waku Austria a Hans Asperger ndikuzindikira kuti kafukufuku wake adapeza mawonekedwe osiyana mwa ana autistic kuchokera kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zizindikilo "zoyipa".

Njira zodziwitsa matenda a Asperger

Pano pali chidule chachidule cha DSM yapitayi (zambiri mwazi zingawoneke ngati zodziwika):

• kukhala ndi vuto lolankhulana pakamwa kapena mosalankhula, monga kukhudzana m'maso kapena kunyoza
• kukhala ndi mayanjano ocheperako kapena osakhalitsa ndi anzawo
• kusowa chidwi chochita nawo zinthu kapena zosangalatsa ndi ena
• osawonetsa kuyankha kwakanthawi pazomwe akumana nazo pagulu kapena pamunthu
• kukhala ndi chidwi chokhazikika pamutu umodzi wapadera kapena mitu yochepa kwambiri
• kutsatira mosamalitsa machitidwe azikhalidwe kapena zamwambo
• mayendedwe obwerezabwereza kapena mayendedwe
• chidwi chachikulu pazinthu zina za zinthu
• kukumana ndi zovuta pakusunga maubale, ntchito, kapena zochitika zina zatsiku ndi tsiku chifukwa cha izi zomwe zidalembedwa kale
• osachedwetsa kuphunzira chilankhulo kapena kukula kwazidziwitso zofananira ndi zina, zofananira ndi mikhalidwe

Kuyambira mu 2013, Asperger tsopano akuwerengedwa kuti ndi gawo la autism ndipo sakupezekanso ngati vuto lina.

Asperger's vs. Autism: Kodi pali kusiyana kotani?

Asperger's ndi autism saganiziridwanso kuti ndi matenda osiyana. Anthu omwe mwina adalandira kachilombo ka Asperger m'malo mwake tsopano amalandila matenda a autism.

Koma anthu ambiri omwe adapezeka ndi Asperger asadasinthidwe njira zowunikira mu 2013 akuwonekabe kuti "ali ndi Asperger."

Ndipo anthu ambiri amawaganiziranso za Asperger ngati gawo lodziwika. Izi makamaka ndikuganizira za manyazi omwe akuzungulirabe matenda a autism m'madera ambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Komabe "kusiyana" kokha pakati pamatenda awiriwa ndikuti anthu omwe ali ndi Asperger atha kuonedwa kuti ali ndi nthawi yosavuta "yopitilira" ngati neurotypical yokhala ndi zizindikilo "zofatsa" zokha zomwe zitha kufanana ndi za autism.

Kodi njira zamankhwala zimasiyana ndi Asperger's ndi autism?

Ngakhale zomwe zidadziwika kuti Asperger's kapena autism sizomwe zimafunikira "kuchiritsidwa"

Anthu amene amapezeka ndi kachilombo ka HIV amaonedwa kuti ndi “mankhwala osokoneza bongo.” Khalidwe lodziyimira palokha silimawerengedwa kuti ndi chikhalidwe chani. Koma sizitanthauza kuti autism imawonetsa kuti pali china chilichonse cholakwika ndi inu.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikuti inu kapena munthu wina m'moyo wanu amene wapezeka ndi autism adziwe kuti amakondedwa, kuvomerezedwa, ndikuthandizidwa ndi anthu owazungulira.

Sikuti aliyense m'dera la autism amavomereza kuti anthu autistic safuna chithandizo chamankhwala.

Pali mkangano womwe ukupitilira pakati pa omwe amawona autism ngati olumala yomwe imafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala ("mtundu wachipatala") ndi iwo omwe amawona "chithandizo" cha autism mwa njira yopezera ufulu wa olumala, monga ntchito zoyenera ndi kufotokozera zaumoyo.

Nazi zina ngati mukukhulupirira kuti inu kapena wokondedwa wanu amafunikira chithandizo chamakhalidwe omwe amadziwika kuti ndi gawo la matenda a Asperger:

• chithandizo chamaganizidwe, monga chidziwitso chazachipatala (CBT)
• mankhwala a nkhawa kapena matenda osokoneza bongo (OCD)
• mankhwala kapena chilankhulo
• kusintha kwa zakudya kapena zowonjezera
• njira zowonjezera zothandizira, monga kutikita minofu

Tengera kwina

Chofunika kwambiri apa ndikuti a Asperger salinso nthawi yogwira ntchito. Zizindikiro zomwe kale zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira kuti ndi za ASD.

Ndipo matenda a autism samatanthauza kuti inu kapena wokondedwa muli ndi "vuto" lomwe liyenera "kuthandizidwa." Chofunika kwambiri ndikuti muzikonda ndikudzivomereza nokha kapena munthu aliyense wamavuto omwe mumadziwa.

Kuphunzira mawonekedwe a ASD kungakuthandizeni kuti mumvetsetse kuti zokumana nazo za ASD ndizomwe zimachitikira munthu aliyense. Palibe nthawi imodzi yokwanira.