Ubale Pakati pa ADHD ndi Autism

Zamkati

• Chidule
• ADHD motsutsana ndi autism
• Zizindikiro za ADHD ndi autism
• Zikachitika limodzi
• Kumvetsetsa kuphatikiza
• Kupeza chithandizo choyenera
• Chiwonetsero

Chidule

Ngati mwana wazaka zakusukulu sangathe kuyang'ana kwambiri ntchito kapena kusukulu, makolo angaganize kuti mwana wawo ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa matenda (ADHD). Zikuvuta kuyang'ana homuweki? Kodi mumangokhala phee? Kulephera kuyang'ana kapena kuyang'anitsitsa maso?

Zonsezi ndi zizindikiro za ADHD.

Zizindikirozi zikufanana ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amamvetsetsa pazokhudzana ndi matenda amtundu wa neurodevelopmental. Ngakhale madokotala ambiri atha kuyamba kukhudzidwa ndi matendawa. Komabe, ADHD sangakhale yankho lokhalo.

Asanadziwitse matenda a ADHD, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa momwe ADHD ndi autism zimasokonezedwera, ndikumvetsetsa zikamachitika.

ADHD motsutsana ndi autism

ADHD ndimatenda ofala a neurodevelopmental omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa ana. Pafupifupi 9.4 peresenti ya ana aku US azaka zapakati pa 2 ndi 17 apezeka ndi ADHD.

Pali mitundu itatu ya ADHD:

• makamaka ochita zinthu mopupuluma
• osasamala kwenikweni
• kuphatikiza

Mtundu wophatikizika wa ADHD, komwe mumakumana ndi zizindikilo zosaganizira komanso zosafulumira, ndiofala kwambiri.

Zaka zapakati pazomwe amapezeka ndi zaka 7 ndipo anyamata amatha kupezeka ndi ADHD kuposa atsikana, ngakhale izi mwina chifukwa zimapereka mosiyana.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), vuto lina laubwana, limakhudzanso ana owonjezeka.

ASD ndi gulu la zovuta zovuta. Mavutowa amakhudza machitidwe, chitukuko, komanso kulumikizana. Pafupifupi mwana m'modzi mwa ana 68 aku U.S. adapezeka kuti ali ndi ASD. Anyamata amakhala ndi mwayi wopezeka ndi kachilombo ka autism maulendo anayi ndi theka kuposa atsikana.

Zizindikiro za ADHD ndi autism

M'masiku oyambilira, sizachilendo kuti ADHD ndi ASD azilakwitsa zina. Ana omwe ali ndi vuto lililonse atha kukhala ndi vuto polumikizana ndi kuyang'ana. Ngakhale ali ndi kufanana, akadali magawo awiri osiyana.

Nayi kufananiza kwa zinthu ziwirizi ndi zizindikiro zake:

Zikachitika limodzi

Pakhoza kukhala chifukwa chomwe zizindikiro za ADHD ndi ASD zingakhale zovuta kusiyanitsa wina ndi mnzake. Zonsezi zimatha kuchitika nthawi imodzi.

Sikuti mwana aliyense amatha kupezeka bwinobwino. Dokotala amatha kusankha chimodzi mwazovuta zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mwana wanu. Nthawi zina, ana akhoza kukhala ndi zikhalidwe zonse ziwiri.

Malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), ya ana omwe ali ndi ADHD alinso ndi ASD. Pakafukufuku wina kuyambira 2013, ana omwe ali ndi zikhalidwe zonsezi anali ndi zofooka zambiri kuposa ana omwe sankawonetsa mikhalidwe ya ASD.

Mwanjira ina, ana omwe ali ndi zizindikiritso za ADHD ndi ASD amatha kukhala ndi zovuta pakuphunzira komanso kukhala ndi maluso ocheperako kuposa ana omwe anali ndi vuto limodzi.

Kumvetsetsa kuphatikiza

Kwa zaka zambiri, madokotala anali kuzengereza kupeza mwana yemwe ali ndi ADHD ndi ASD. Pachifukwachi, ndi maphunziro ochepa azachipatala omwe adawona momwe zinthu zingakhudzire ana ndi akulu.

American Psychiatric Association (APA) idanena kwa zaka zambiri kuti zikhalidwe ziwirizi sizingapezeke mwa munthu yemweyo. Mu 2013, APA. Pogwiritsa ntchito Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disways, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), APA imanena kuti zinthu ziwirizi zitha kuchitika.

Pakafukufuku wa 2014 omwe adayang'ana zochitika za ADHD ndi ASD, ofufuza adapeza kuti pakati pa 30 mpaka 50 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi ASD alinso ndi zizindikiro za ADHD. Ochita kafukufuku samamvetsetsa bwino zomwe zimayambitsa vuto lililonse, kapena chifukwa chomwe zimachitikira limodzi pafupipafupi.

Zonsezi zitha kulumikizidwa ndi chibadwa. Kafukufuku wina adazindikira kuti jini yosowa yomwe imatha kulumikizidwa ndi zinthu zonsezi. Kupeza kumeneku kumatha kufotokoza chifukwa chake zinthuzi zimachitika munthu yemweyo.

Kafufuzidwe kena kofunikirabe kuti mumvetsetse kulumikizana pakati pa ADHD ndi ASD.

Kupeza chithandizo choyenera

Gawo loyamba lothandizira mwana wanu kulandira chithandizo choyenera ndikupeza matenda oyenera. Mungafunike kufunsa katswiri wazovuta zamakhalidwe a ana.

Madokotala ambiri azachipatala komanso asing'anga ambiri alibe maphunziro apadera kuti amvetsetse kuphatikiza kwa zizindikilo. Madokotala azachipatala komanso madokotala wamba amathanso kuphonya vuto lina lomwe limasokoneza mapulani azithandizo.

Kusamalira zizindikiro za ADHD kumathandizanso mwana wanu kuthana ndi matenda a ASD. Makhalidwe omwe mwana wanu angaphunzire angathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro za ASD. Ndicho chifukwa chake kupeza matenda oyenera ndi chithandizo chokwanira ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Khalidwe lothandizira ndi njira yothetsera ADHD, ndipo imalimbikitsidwa ngati njira yoyamba yothandizira ana osakwana zaka 6. Kwa ana azaka zopitilira 6, chithandizo chamakhalidwe amalimbikitsidwa ndi mankhwala.

Mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ADHD ndi awa:

• methylphenidate (Ritalin, Metadate, Concerta, Methylin, Focalin, Daytrana)
• mchere wosakanikirana wa amphetamine (Adderall)
• dextroamphetamine (Zenzedi, Dexedrine)
• lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse)
• guanfacine (Tenex, Intuniv)
• clonidine (Catapres, Catapres TTS, Kapvay)

Mankhwala othandizira amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chithandizo cha ASD, nawonso. Mankhwala amathanso kulembedwa kuti athetse matenda. Kwa anthu omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi ASD ndi ADHD, mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa chifukwa cha zizindikiro za ADHD amathanso kuthandizira zizindikilo za ASD.

Dokotala wa mwana wanu angafunike kuyesa mankhwala angapo asanapeze omwe amatha kusamalira, kapena pakhoza kukhala njira zingapo zochiritsira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi.

Chiwonetsero

ADHD ndi ASD ndi zinthu za moyo wonse zomwe zitha kuyendetsedwa ndi mankhwala oyenera munthuyo. Khalani oleza mtima komanso otseguka kuti muyesere mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Mwinanso mungafunikire kusamukira kuchipatala chatsopano mwana wanu akamakula ndipo matenda akusintha.

Asayansi akupitiliza kufufuza kulumikizana kwa zinthu ziwirizi. Kafukufuku atha kuwulula zambiri pazomwe zimayambitsa komanso njira zina zamankhwala zomwe zingapezeke.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala atsopano kapena mayesero azachipatala. Ngati mwana wanu wapezeka kuti ali ndi ADHD kapena ASD yokha ndipo mukuganiza kuti atha kukhala nazo zonse ziwiri, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Kambiranani za zizindikiro zonse za mwana wanu komanso ngati dokotala akuganiza kuti matendawa ayenera kusintha. Kuzindikira molondola ndikofunikira kuti mulandire chithandizo choyenera.