Fuluwenza Wa Mbalame

Zamkati

• Kodi zizindikiro za chimfine cha mbalame ndi ziti?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa chimfine cha mbalame?
• Kodi matenda a chimfine ndi chiyani?
• Kodi chimfine cha mbalame chimapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi mankhwala a chimfine cha mbalame ndi ati?
• Kodi malingaliro a munthu wodwala chimfine ndi otani?
• Kodi chimfine cha mbalame chimapewa bwanji?

Kodi bird flu ndi chiyani?

Fuluwenza ya mbalame, yotchedwanso avian fuluwenza, ndi matenda omwe amatha kupatsira mbalame zokha, komanso anthu komanso nyama zina. Mitundu yambiri ya kachilomboka imangokhala mbalame.

H5N1 ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa chimfine cha mbalame. Zimapha mbalame ndipo zimatha kukhudza mosavuta anthu ndi nyama zina zomwe zimakumana ndi wonyamula. Malinga ndi a, H5N1 idapezeka koyamba mwa anthu mu 1997 ndipo yapha pafupifupi onse omwe ali ndi kachilomboka.

Pakadali pano, kachilomboka sikudziwika kuti kamafala kudzera mwa munthu. Komabe, akatswiri ena amadandaula kuti H5N1 ikhoza kukhala chiopsezo chotenga mliri kwa anthu.

Kodi zizindikiro za chimfine cha mbalame ndi ziti?

Mutha kukhala ndi kachilombo ka H5N1 ngati mukumva ngati chimfine monga:

• chifuwa
• kutsegula m'mimba
• zovuta za kupuma
• malungo (oposa 100.4 ° F kapena 38 ° C)
• mutu
• kupweteka kwa minofu
• kuchepa
• mphuno
• chikhure

Ngati mukudwala chimfine cha mbalame, muyenera kudziwitsa ogwira ntchito musanafike ku ofesi ya dokotala kapena kuchipatala. Kudziwitsa nthawi isanakwane kudzawalola kuti atenge mosamala kuteteza ogwira ntchito ndi odwala ena asanakusamalireni.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa chimfine cha mbalame?

Ngakhale pali mitundu ingapo ya chimfine cha mbalame, H5N1 inali kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a fuluwenza kamene kamafalitsa anthu. Matenda oyamba anachitika ku Hong Kong mu 1997. Kuphulika kunalumikizidwa ndikuweta nkhuku zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka.

H5N1 imapezeka mwachilengedwe m'madzi amtchire, koma imatha kufalikira mosavuta ku nkhuku zoweta. Matendawa amapatsirana kwa anthu kudzera kukhudzana ndi ndowe za mbalame zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka, kutuluka m'mphuno, kapena kutulutsa pakamwa kapena m'maso.

Kudya nkhuku zophikidwa bwino kapena mazira kuchokera ku mbalame zomwe zili ndi kachilombo sikumafalitsa chimfine cha mbalame, koma mazira sayenera kupatsidwa nthawi yothamanga. Nyama imawerengedwa kuti ndiyotetezeka ngati yophikidwa mkatikati mwa 165ºF (73.9ºC).

Kodi matenda a chimfine ndi chiyani?

H5N1 imatha kukhala ndi moyo kwakanthawi.Mbalame zomwe zili ndi H5N1 zikupitiliza kutulutsa kachilomboka mu ndowe ndi malovu kwa masiku 10. Kukhudza malo owonongeka kumatha kufalitsa matendawa.

Mutha kukhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga H5N1 ngati muli:

• mlimi wa nkhuku
• wapaulendo akuyendera madera omwe akhudzidwa
• kuwonetsedwa kwa mbalame zomwe zili ndi kachilombo
• wina amene amadya nkhuku kapena mazira osapsa
• wogwira ntchito yazaumoyo wosamalira odwala omwe ali ndi kachilomboka
• membala wanyumba ya munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo

Kodi chimfine cha mbalame chimapezeka bwanji?

Avomereza mayeso omwe adapangidwa kuti azindikire fuluwenza ya avian. Kuyesaku kumatchedwa fuluwenza A / H5 (Asia lineage virus virus real-time RT-PCR primer and probe set. Ikhoza kupereka zotsatira zoyambirira m'maola anayi okha. Komabe, mayeserowa sakupezeka kwambiri.

Dokotala wanu amathanso kuyesa izi kuti aone ngati pali kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa chimfine cha mbalame:

• auscultation (mayeso omwe amamva kupumira kwamphamvu)
• kusiyana kwa maselo oyera a magazi
• chikhalidwe cha nasopharyngeal
• X-ray pachifuwa

Mayeso owonjezera angachitike kuti muwone momwe mtima wanu, impso zanu, ndi chiwindi chanu zikugwirira ntchito.

Kodi mankhwala a chimfine cha mbalame ndi ati?

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chimfine cha mbalame imatha kubweretsa zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Zotsatira zake, chithandizo chimasiyana.

Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo chamankhwala opha ma virus monga oseltamivir (Tamiflu) kapena zanamivir (Relenza) chitha kuthandiza kuchepetsa matendawa. Komabe, mankhwalawa ayenera kumwa mkati mwa maola 48 zitayamba kuwonekera.

Kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa mawonekedwe a chimfine kakhoza kuyamba kulimbana ndi mitundu iwiri yodziwika kwambiri ya mankhwala ochepetsa ma virus, amantadine ndi rimantadine (Flumadine). Mankhwalawa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matendawa.

Banja lanu kapena ena omwe ali pafupi nanu atha kupatsidwanso mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ngati njira yodzitetezera, ngakhale sakudwala. Mudzaikidwa paokha kuti mupewe kufalitsa kachilomboka kwa ena.

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani makina opumira mukakhala ndi matenda akulu.

Kodi malingaliro a munthu wodwala chimfine ndi otani?

Chiyembekezo cha matenda a chimfine cha mbalame chimadalira kukula kwa matendawa komanso mtundu wa fuluwenza yomwe imayambitsa. H5N1 imakhala ndi anthu ambiri omwalira, pomwe mitundu ina ilibe.

Zina mwazovuta monga:

• sepsis (yankho lomwe limatha kupha mabakiteriya ndi majeremusi ena)
• chibayo
• kulephera kwa chiwalo
• pachimake kupuma mavuto

Itanani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za chimfine pasanathe masiku 10 mutagwira mbalame kapena kupita kumadera omwe mwadzidzidzi mwadzidzidzi waphulika.

Kodi chimfine cha mbalame chimapewa bwanji?

Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuti mutenge chimfine kuti musatenge matenda a fuluwenza. Mukayamba chimfine cha avian ndi chimfine cha anthu nthawi imodzi, zitha kupanga chimfine chatsopano komanso chowopsa.

CDC sinaperekepo malingaliro okhudza kupita kumayiko omwe akukhudzidwa ndi H5N1. Komabe, mutha kuchepetsa ngozi yanu popewa:

• misika yotseguka
• kukhudzana ndi mbalame zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka
• Nkhuku zosaphika

Onetsetsani kuti mukuchita ukhondo ndikusamba m'manja nthawi zonse.

A FDA avomereza katemera wopangidwira kuteteza motsutsana ndi chimfine cha avian, koma katemerayu sakupezeka pano kwa anthu onse. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti katemerayu agwiritsidwe ntchito ngati H5N1 iyamba kufalikira pakati pa anthu.