Mlembi: John Stephens
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 1 Jayuwale 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 24 Novembala 2024
Anonim
Prerenal acute kidney injury (acute renal failure) - causes, symptoms & pathology
Kanema: Prerenal acute kidney injury (acute renal failure) - causes, symptoms & pathology

Zamkati

Chidule

Azotemia ndichikhalidwe chomwe chimachitika impso zanu zikawonongeka ndi matenda kapena kuvulala. Mumachipeza pamene impso zanu sizingathe kutaya zinyalala zokwanira za nayitrogeni.

Azotemia nthawi zambiri amapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito mkodzo komanso kuyesa magazi. Mayesowa adzayang'ana magazi anu urea nitrogen (BUN) ndi milingo ya creatinine.

Mitundu

Pali mitundu itatu ya azotemia:

  • prerenal
  • zamkati
  • kubereka

Prerenal

Prerenal azotemia imachitika pamene madzi samayenda mokwanira kudzera mu impso. Kutsika kwamadzimadzi kumeneku kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa seramu creatinine ndi urea. Mtundu wa azotemiawu ndiofala kwambiri ndipo umatha kusinthidwa.

Zamkatimu

Intrinsic azotemia nthawi zambiri imachokera ku matenda, sepsis, kapena matenda. Zomwe zimayambitsa azotemia wamkati ndi pachimake tubular necrosis.

Postrenal

Kutsekeka kwa kwamikodzo kumayambitsa azrenemia ya postrenal. Postrenal azotemia amathanso kuchitika ndi prerenal azotemia.


Mitundu ya azotemia imatha kukhala ndi mankhwala, zoyambitsa, ndi zotulukapo zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, iliyonse imatha kubweretsa kuvulala koopsa kwa impso ndi kulephera ngati itasiyidwa kapena ngati sinapezeke msanga.

Zizindikiro

Azotemia ndi uremia ndi mitundu iwiri yosiyanasiyana ya impso.

Azotemia ndi pamene pali nayitrogeni m'magazi anu. Uremia imachitika mukakhala urea m'magazi anu. Komabe, zonsezi ndizokhudzana ndi matenda a impso kapena kuvulala.

Nthawi zambiri, simudzawona zizindikiro zilizonse zosalongosoka ndi impso zanu, kuphatikizapo azotemia, mpaka kumapeto. Kuchedwa kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumakhala kulephera kwa impso.

Zizindikiro za azotemia zitha kuphatikiza:

  • Kulephera kwakukulu kwa impso (ngati azotemia ikupitilizabe kupitilira kwa maola kapena masiku)
  • kuvulala koopsa kwa impso
  • kutaya mphamvu
  • osafuna kutenga nawo mbali pazinthu zomwe mumachita nthawi zonse
  • kusowa chilakolako
  • posungira madzimadzi
  • nseru ndi kusanza

Nseru ndi kusanza ndi chizindikiro chakuti nthenda yaipiraipira.


Zoyambitsa

Chifukwa chachikulu cha azotemia ndikutayika kwa impso. Komabe, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya azotemia, yomwe imatha kutuluka kapena kukhala gawo la kulephera kwa impso, ili ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana:

  • madzi akamadutsa mu impso sakokwanira kuchotsa nayitrogeni (prerenal azotemia)
  • pamene thirakiti likulephera ndi china chake kapena kuphulika (postrenal azotemia)
  • matenda kapena matenda (azotemia wamkati)
  • kulephera kwa mtima
  • zovuta za matenda ashuga
  • mankhwala ena, makamaka mankhwala a nephrotoxic komanso kuchuluka kwa ma steroids
  • ukalamba
  • mbiri ya zovuta zaimpso
  • kutentha kutentha
  • kutentha kwakukulu
  • kusowa kwa madzi m'thupi
  • kutsitsa magazi
  • maopaleshoni ena
  • kuvulala kwa impso

Chithandizo cha khansa nthawi zina chimayambitsanso azotemia. Mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi amphamvu ndipo amatha kuwononga impso zanu. Zitha kupanganso kuchuluka kwa zopangidwa ndi nayitrogeni zotulutsidwa ndi maselo a khansa omwe amafa.


Wofufuza za oncologist adzawunika impso zanu ndi ammonia poyesedwa pafupipafupi. Ngati kuli kotheka, dokotala wanu amatha kusintha kapena kuyesa mankhwala osiyanasiyana a chemotherapy ngati impso zanu zakhudzidwa.

Amachizidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha azotemia chimadalira mtundu, chifukwa, komanso gawo lomwe likukhalamo. Poganizira izi, ena mwa mankhwalawa ndi monga:

  • dialysis (pakapita patsogolo mochedwa, ndipo mwina ndi kwakanthawi)
  • yobereka mwana pa mimba
  • chithandizo choyambirira cha postrenal azotemia
  • chithandizo chazomwe zikuchitika kapena matenda
  • madzi amitsempha
  • mankhwala
  • kusintha kadyedwe kanu

Zovuta komanso nthawi yokaonana ndi dokotala

Omwe ali ndi matenda a impso kapena zovuta zina za impso atha kupanga prerenal azotemia. Zovuta zina zingaphatikizepo:

  • pachimake tubular necrosis (ziwalo zamthupi zikayamba kufa)
  • pachimake impso kulephera
  • kutaya mimba
  • kufa kotheka

Prerenal azotemia ali ndi pakati angayambitse vuto lalikulu la impso ndikuwononga thanzi la mwana ndi mayi.

Ngati muli ndi pakati ndipo muli ndi mbiri ya matenda a impso, muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala wanu. Muyenera kuti ntchito yanu ya impso iyesedwe nthawi ndi nthawi mukakhala ndi pakati.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zilizonse za matenda a impso kapena kuvulala, muyenera kuwona dokotala nthawi yomweyo kapena itanani 911.

Ndikofunika kuti mukonzekere nthawi zonse ndi dokotala. Pakati pofufuzidwa, dokotala wanu amatenga mayeso a magazi ndi mkodzo pafupipafupi. Mayesowa awathandiza kupeza zovuta zilizonse ndi impso zanu, zisanachitike.

Chiwonetsero

Mitundu yambiri ya azotemia imachiritsidwa msanga, imatha kuchiritsidwa. Komabe, zikhalidwe zina zathanzi komanso kukhala ndi pakati kumatha kupangitsa kuti mankhwala akhale ovuta.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi azotemia amadziwika bwino.

Zovuta, mavuto ena azaumoyo, komanso matenda a impso kapena kuvulala komwe kumachitika mochedwa kumatha kupanga dialysis wokhazikika wofunikira. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti azotemia yomwe imasiyidwa osalandiridwa kapena ili ndi zovuta imatha kubweretsa imfa. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala pafupipafupi.

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