Kuika Bone Marrow

Zamkati

• Chifukwa Chake Mungafunikire Kujambula Mafupa Amfupa
• Kodi Zovuta Zomwe Zimakhudzana Ndi Kupanga Mafupa a Mafupa Ndi Ziti?
• Mitundu Yofalitsa Bone Marrow
• Zojambula za Autologous
• Kusintha kwa Allogeneic
• Momwe Mungakonzekerere Kubowola Mafupa a Bone
• Momwe Kujambula Mafupa Amfupa Kumapangidwira
• Leukapheresis
• Zomwe Muyenera Kuyembekezera Pambuyo Pofalitsa Mafupa Amfupa

Kodi Kusakaniza Mafupa a Mafupa Ndi Chiyani?

Kuthira mafuta m'mafupa ndimankhwala omwe amachitika m'malo mwa mafupa omwe awonongeka kapena kuwonongedwa ndi matenda, matenda, kapena chemotherapy. Njirayi imakhudza kupatula maselo am'magazi, omwe amapita m'mafupa momwe amapangira maselo amwazi ndikulimbikitsa kukula kwa mafuta atsopano.

Mafupa a mafupa ndi siponji, minofu ya mafuta mkati mwa mafupa anu. Amapanga zigawo zotsatirazi zamagazi:

• maselo ofiira, omwe amanyamula mpweya ndi michere mthupi lonse
• maselo oyera, omwe amalimbana ndi matenda
• othandiza magazi kuundana, omwe amachititsa kuti magazi agundike

Mafupa a mafupa amakhalanso ndi timadzi timene timapanga magazi tomwe timadziwika kuti hematopoietic stem cell, kapena HSCs. Maselo ambiri amasiyanitsidwa kale ndipo amangodzipangira okha. Komabe, maselowa samadziwika, kutanthauza kuti ali ndi kuthekera kochulukitsa kupatukana kwama cell ndipo amatha kukhala maselo am'magazi kapena kusiyanitsa ndikukula m'mitundu yambiri yamagazi. HSC yomwe imapezeka m'mafupa idzapanga maselo atsopano m'magazi anu onse.

Kusintha kwa mafuta m'mafupa kumalowa m'malo mwa maselo anu owonongeka ndi maselo athanzi. Izi zimathandiza thupi lanu kupanga maselo oyera oyera okwanira, maselo othandiza magazi kuundana, kapena maselo ofiira kuti mupewe matenda, kusowa magazi, kapena kuchepa kwa magazi.

Maselo amtundu wathanzi amatha kuchokera kwa wopereka, kapena atha kubwera kuchokera mthupi lanu. Zikatero, maselo am'madzi amatha kukololedwa, kapena kukula, musanayambe chemotherapy kapena chithandizo chama radiation. Maselo athanzi amenewo amasungidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuika.

Chifukwa Chake Mungafunikire Kujambula Mafupa Amfupa

Kuika mafupa a mafupa kumachitika pamene mafuta a munthu alibe thanzi lokwanira kuti agwire bwino ntchito. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana, matenda, kapena khansa. Zina mwazomwe zimapangidwira m'mafupa zimaphatikizapo:

• kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, komwe ndi m'mene mafuta amasiya kupanga maselo atsopano a magazi
• Khansa yomwe imakhudza mafupa, monga khansa ya m'magazi, lymphoma, ndi multipleeloma
• mafuta a m'mafupa owonongeka chifukwa cha chemotherapy
• kobadwa nako neutropenia, lomwe ndi vuto lobadwa nalo lomwe limayambitsa matenda obwerezabwereza
• sickle cell anemia, yomwe ndi matenda obadwa nawo omwe amachititsa kuti maselo ofiira asokonezeke
• thalassemia, yomwe ndimatenda amwazi wobadwa nawo pomwe thupi limapanga hemoglobin yachilendo, gawo lofunikira la maselo ofiira

Kodi Zovuta Zomwe Zimakhudzana Ndi Kupanga Mafupa a Mafupa Ndi Ziti?

Kuika mafuta m'mafupa kumawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yayikulu yamankhwala ndipo kumawonjezera chiopsezo chokumana ndi:

• kutsika kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi
• mutu
• nseru
• ululu
• kupuma movutikira
• kuzizira
• malungo

Zizindikiro zomwe tazitchulazi ndizosakhalitsa, koma kumuika m'mafupa kumatha kubweretsa zovuta. Mwayi wanu wopeza zovuta izi umadalira pazinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza:

• zaka zanu
• thanzi lanu lonse
• matenda omwe mukuchiritsidwa
• mtundu wa kumuika womwe mwalandira

Zovuta zitha kukhala zofatsa kapena zazikulu kwambiri, ndipo zingaphatikizepo:

• Matenda a graft-versus-host (GVHD), omwe ndi omwe ma cell a omwe amapereka amapereka thupi lanu
• kumezanitsa kulephera, komwe kumachitika m'maselo osungidwa sakuyamba kupanga maselo atsopano monga momwe amakonzera
• kutuluka magazi m'mapapu, ubongo, ndi ziwalo zina za thupi
• ng'ala, yomwe imadziwika ndi mitambo m'maso mwa diso
• kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zofunika
• kusamba msanga
• kuchepa magazi m'thupi, komwe kumachitika thupi likapanda kupanga maselo ofiira okwanira
• matenda
• nseru, kutsegula m'mimba, kapena kusanza
• mucositis, womwe ndi vuto lomwe limayambitsa kutupa ndi kupweteka mkamwa, mmero, ndi m'mimba

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zovuta zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo. Amatha kukuthandizani kuyeza zovuta ndi zovuta motsutsana ndi phindu lomwe lingachitike.

Mitundu Yofalitsa Bone Marrow

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu yosinthira m'mafupa. Mtundu womwe wagwiritsidwa ntchito udalira chifukwa chomwe mukufunira kumuika.

Zojambula za Autologous

Kusintha kwa Autologous kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito maselo amunthu enieni. Amakonda kukolola maselo anu musanayambe mankhwala owopsa m'maselo ngati chemotherapy kapena radiation. Chithandizo chatha, maselo anu amabwerera m'thupi lanu.

Kuika mtundu uwu sikupezeka nthawi zonse. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati muli ndi fupa labwino.Komabe, amachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta zina, kuphatikizapo GVHD.

Kusintha kwa Allogeneic

Kusintha kwa allogeneic kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito maselo ochokera kwa wopereka. Woperekayo ayenera kukhala wofanana kwambiri ndi majini. Nthawi zambiri, wachibale woyenerana ndiye chisankho chabwino, koma masewera amtundu amatha kupezekanso kuchokera kwa omwe amapereka.

Kusintha kwa allogeneic ndikofunikira ngati muli ndi vuto lomwe lawononga mafupa anu am'mafupa. Komabe, ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta zina, monga GVHD. Muyeneranso kuyikidwa mankhwala oti muchepetse chitetezo chanu chamthupi kuti thupi lanu lisalimbane ndi maselo atsopano. Izi zitha kukupatsani matenda.

Kupambana kwa kusintha kwa allogeneic kumadalira momwe maselo operekera amafanana kwambiri ndi anu.

Momwe Mungakonzekerere Kubowola Mafupa a Bone

Musanafike pakuika, mudzayesedwa kangapo kuti mupeze mtundu wanji wama cell am'mafupa omwe mukufuna.

Muthanso kulandira radiation kapena chemotherapy kuti muphe ma cell a khansa kapena ma marrow cell musanapeze ma cell stem.

Kusintha kwa mafuta m'mafupa kumatenga sabata. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukonzekera musanafike gawo lanu loyamba lakuzira. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• nyumba pafupi ndi chipatala cha okondedwa anu
• inshuwaransi, kulipira ngongole, ndi mavuto ena azachuma
• kusamalira ana kapena ziweto
• kutenga tchuthi chamankhwala kuntchito
• kulongedza zovala ndi zina zofunika
• kukonza ulendo wopita kuchipatala

Mukalandira chithandizo, chitetezo chamthupi chanu chimasokonekera, zomwe zimakhudza kuthekera kwake polimbana ndi matenda. Chifukwa chake, mudzakhala m'chigawo chapadera cha chipatalacho chomwe chimasungidwira anthu olandira m'mafupa. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo chanu chodziwidwa ndi chilichonse chomwe chingayambitse matenda.

Musazengereze kubweretsa mndandanda wa mafunso omwe mungafunse dokotala wanu. Mutha kulemba mayankho kapena kubweretsa mnzanu kuti amvetsere ndikulemba zolemba. Ndikofunika kuti mukhale omasuka komanso olimba mtima musanachite izi ndikuti mafunso anu onse ayankhidwa bwino.

Zipatala zina zimakhala ndi alangizi oti azilankhula ndi odwala. Ntchito yosanjikiza imatha kukhala yosangalatsa. Kulankhula ndi katswiri kungakuthandizeni kuchita izi.

Momwe Kujambula Mafupa Amfupa Kumapangidwira

Pamene dokotala akuganiza kuti mwakonzeka, mudzamuika. Njirayi ndi yofanana ndi kuthiridwa magazi.

Ngati mukukhala ndi allogeneic, maselo am'mafupa adzakololedwa kuchokera kwa woperekayo tsiku limodzi kapena awiri musanachitike. Ngati maselo anu akugwiritsidwa ntchito, adzachotsedwa ku bank cell ya stem.

Maselo amatengedwa m'njira ziwiri.

Pakukolola m'mafupa, maselo amatengedwa kuchokera m'chiuno chonse kudzera mu singano. Mukuvutika ndi mankhwalawa, kutanthauza kuti mudzagona ndipo mulibe zowawa zilizonse.

Leukapheresis

Pakati pa leukapheresis, woperekayo amapatsidwa zipolopolo zisanu kuti zithandizire maselo am'madzi kuti asunthire m'mafupa ndikupita m'magazi. Magazi amatengedwa kudzera mu mzere wa intravenous (IV), ndipo makina amalekanitsa maselo oyera omwe amakhala ndi maselo am'magazi.

Singano yotchedwa central venous catheter, kapena doko, idzaikidwa kumtunda chakumanja kwa chifuwa chanu. Izi zimathandiza kuti madzi amadzimadzi omwe amakhala ndi maselo atsopanowo azilowera mumtima mwanu. Maselo am'madzi amabalalika mthupi lanu lonse. Amadutsa m'magazi anu mpaka m'mafupa. Adzakhazikika pamenepo ndikuyamba kukula.

Doko limasiyidwa m'malo chifukwa kumuika mafupa kumachitika kwamasiku angapo kwamasiku ochepa. Magawo angapo amapatsa maselo amtundu watsopano mwayi wabwino woti adziphatikize mthupi lanu. Izi zimadziwika kuti engraftment.

Kudzera pa dokoli, mulandiranso magazi, zakumwa, komanso zakudya. Mungafunike mankhwala kuti muthane ndi matenda ndikuthandizira kuti mafuta atsopano akule. Izi zimadalira momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwalawa.

Munthawi imeneyi, mudzayang'anitsitsa zovuta zilizonse.

Zomwe Muyenera Kuyembekezera Pambuyo Pofalitsa Mafupa Amfupa

Kupambana kwa kusintha kwa mafupa kumadalira makamaka momwe woperekayo ndi wolandirayo amafananirana kwambiri. Nthawi zina, zimakhala zovuta kupeza masewera abwino pakati pa omwe amapereka osagwirizana.

Zoyimira kwanu zidzayang'aniridwa pafupipafupi. Nthawi zambiri imakhala yokwanira pakati pa masiku 10 ndi 28 pambuyo pomuika koyamba. Chizindikiro choyamba cha engraftment ndikukula kwama cell oyera. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti kumuika wayamba kupanga maselo atsopano amwazi.

Nthawi yanthawi yochotsa mafuta m'mafupa ili pafupi miyezi itatu. Komabe, zitha kutenga chaka kuti mupezenso bwino. Kuchira kumatengera zinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza:

• matenda omwe akuchiritsidwa
• chemotherapy
• cheza
• machesi opereka
• kumene kumuika kumachitika

Pali kuthekera kuti zina mwazizindikiro zomwe mumakumana nazo mukamubzala zimakhalabe ndi moyo wanu wonse.