Mayeso Achibadwa a BRCA

Zamkati

• Kuyesa kwa majini a BRCA ndi chiyani?
• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yanji?
• Chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kuyesedwa kwamtundu wa BRCA?
• Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pakuyesedwa kwa majini a BRCA?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chilichonse kukonzekera mayeso?
• Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pamayeso?
• Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?
• Kodi pali china chilichonse chomwe ndikufunika kudziwa pokhudzana ndi mayeso amtundu wa BRCA?
• Zolemba

Kuyesa kwa majini a BRCA ndi chiyani?

Kuyesedwa kwa majini a BRCA kumayang'ana kusintha, komwe kumadziwika kuti masinthidwe, mu majini otchedwa BRCA1 ndi BRCA2. Chibadwa ndi mbali za DNA zomwe zapatsidwa kuchokera kwa amayi ndi abambo anu. Amanyamula zidziwitso zakudziwika kwanu, monga kutalika ndi mtundu wamaso. Chibadwa chimayambitsanso matenda ena. BRCA1 ndi BRCA2 ndi majini omwe amateteza maselo popanga mapuloteni omwe amathandiza kupewa zotupa kuti zisapangidwe.

Kusintha kwa jini la BRCA1 kapena BRCA2 kumatha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwama cell komwe kungayambitse khansa. Amayi omwe ali ndi jini ya BRCA yosinthidwa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya m'mawere kapena yamchiberekero. Amuna omwe ali ndi jini ya BRCA yosinthidwa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya m'mawere kapena ya prostate. Sikuti aliyense amene adzalandire kusintha kwa BRCA1 kapena BRCA2 amakhala ndi khansa. Zinthu zina, kuphatikiza momwe mumakhalira komanso komwe mukukhala, zingakhudze chiopsezo chanu cha khansa.

Mukawona kuti muli ndi kusintha kwa BRCA, mutha kuchitapo kanthu poteteza thanzi lanu.

Mayina ena: Kuyesedwa kwa majini a BRCA, BRCA gene 1, BRCA geni 2, kutengera khansa ya m'mawere gene1, kutengera kwa khansa ya m'mawere

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yanji?

Kuyesaku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi kusintha kwa majini a BRCA1 kapena BRCA2. Kusintha kwa majini a BRCA kumatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu chotenga khansa.

Chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kuyesedwa kwamtundu wa BRCA?

Kuyesa kwa BRCA sikuvomerezeka kwa anthu ambiri. Masinthidwe amtundu wa BRCA ndi osowa, omwe amangokhudza pafupifupi 0.2 peresenti ya anthu aku US. Koma mungafune kuyesaku ngati mukuganiza kuti muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu kuti musinthe. Mutha kukhala ndi kusintha kwa BRCA ngati:

• Khalani ndi khansa ya m'mawere yomwe idapezeka musanakwanitse zaka 50
• Khalani ndi khansa ya m'mawere m'mabere onsewa
• Khalani ndi khansa ya m'mawere ndi yamchiberekero
• Khalani ndi m'modzi kapena angapo am'banja omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere
• Khalani ndi wachibale wamwamuna yemwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere
• Khalani ndi wachibale yemwe wapezeka kale ndi kusintha kwa BRCA
• Ndi a makolo achiyuda a Ashkenazi (Eastern Europe). Zosintha za BRCA ndizofala kwambiri mgululi poyerekeza ndi anthu wamba. Zosintha za BRCA ndizofala kwambiri mwa anthu ochokera kumadera ena a Europe, kuphatikiza, Iceland, Norway, ndi Denmark.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pakuyesedwa kwa majini a BRCA?

Katswiri wa zamankhwala adzatenga magazi kuchokera mumtsinje uli m'manja mwanu, pogwiritsa ntchito singano yaying'ono. Singanoyo italowetsedwa, magazi ang'onoang'ono amatengedwa mu chubu choyesera. Mutha kumva kuluma pang'ono singano ikamalowa kapena kutuluka. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatenga mphindi zosakwana zisanu.

Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chilichonse kukonzekera mayeso?

Simukusowa kukonzekera kwapadera koyesedwa kwa BRCA. Koma mungafune kukumana ndi mlangizi wa majini poyamba kuti muwone ngati kuyesedwako kuli koyenera kwa inu. Mlangizi wanu akhoza kuyankhula nanu za kuopsa ndi maubwino oyesedwa kwa majini ndi zotsatira zake zosiyanasiyana.

Muyeneranso kulingalira zakupeza upangiri wa majini pambuyo poyesedwa. Mlangizi wanu akhoza kukambirana momwe zotsatira zanu zingakhudzire inu ndi banja lanu, zamankhwala komanso zam'maganizo.

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pamayeso?

Pali chiopsezo chochepa kwambiri choyesedwa magazi. Mutha kukhala ndi ululu pang'ono kapena kuvulala pamalo pomwe singano idayikidwapo, koma zizindikiro zambiri zimatha msanga.

Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?

Zotsatira zambiri zimafotokozedwa kuti ndizosavomerezeka, zosatsimikizika, kapena zabwino, ndipo amatanthauza izi:

• Zotsatira zoyipa zikutanthauza kuti palibe kusintha kwa majini kwa BRCA komwe kudapezeka, koma sizitanthauza kuti simudzadwalanso khansa.
• Zotsatira zosatsimikizika amatanthauza mtundu wina wa kusintha kwa majini a BRCA wapezeka, koma mwina sangalumikizidwe kapena sangakhale ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa. Mungafunike mayesero ena ndi / kapena kuwunika ngati zotsatira zanu sizikudziwika.
• Zotsatira zabwino amatanthauza kusintha kwa BRCA1 kapena BRCA2 kunapezeka. Kusintha kumeneku kumakupatsani chiopsezo chotenga khansa. Koma sikuti aliyense amene ali ndi khalidweli amatenga khansa.

Zitha kutenga milungu ingapo kuti mupeze zotsatira zanu. Ngati muli ndi mafunso pazotsatira zanu, lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani azaumoyo komanso / kapena mlangizi wanu wamtundu.

Dziwani zambiri zamayeso a labotale, magawo owerengera, ndi zotsatira zakumvetsetsa.

Kodi pali china chilichonse chomwe ndikufunika kudziwa pokhudzana ndi mayeso amtundu wa BRCA?

Ngati zotsatira zanu zikuwonetsa kuti muli ndi kusintha kwa majini a BRCA, mutha kuchita zomwe zingachepetse chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Mayeso owunika pafupipafupi a khansa, monga mammograms ndi ma ultrasound. Khansa ndi yosavuta kuchiza ikapezeka koyambirira.
• Kumwa mapiritsi oletsa kubereka kwakanthawi kochepa. Kumwa mapiritsi a kulera kwazaka zisanu kwawonetsedwa kuti kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa yamchiberekero mwa amayi ena omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa majini a BRCA. Kumwa mapiritsi kwa zaka zopitilira zisanu kuti muchepetse khansa sikuvomerezeka. Ngati mumamwa mapiritsi olerera musanayeze mayeso a BRCA, uzani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kuti munali ndi zaka zingati pamene mumayamba kumwa mapiritsiwo komanso kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji. Akulimbikitsani ngati mukuyenera kupitiriza kumwa.
• Kutenga mankhwala olimbana ndi khansa. Mankhwala ena, monga omwe amatchedwa tamoxifen, awonetsedwa kuti amachepetsa chiopsezo kwa amayi omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya m'mawere.
• Kuchita opaleshoni, yotchedwa mastectomy yothandizira, kuchotsa minofu ya m'mawere yathanzi. Kupewa mastectomy kwawonetsedwa kuti kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere ndi 90% mwa azimayi omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa majini a BRCA. Koma uku ndi opaleshoni yayikulu, yovomerezeka kwa azimayi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa.

Muyenera kukambirana ndi omwe amakuthandizani kuti muwone zomwe zingakuthandizeni.

Zolemba

1. American Society of Clinical Oncology [Intaneti]. American Society of chipatala Oncology; 2005-2018. Khansa ya m'mawere ndi yamchiberekero Khansa; [adatchula 2018 Mar 19]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/hereditary-breast-and-ovarian-cancer
2. Hinkle J, Cheever K. Brunner & Suddarth's Handbook of Laboratory and Diagnostic Test. 2nd Ed, Wokoma. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; c2014. Kuyesedwa kwa BRCA; 108 p.
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4. Chipatala cha Mayo [Intaneti]. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; c1998–2018. Kuyesedwa kwa majini a BRCA pachiwopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere ndi yamchiberekero; 2017 Dec 30 [yotchulidwa 2018 Feb 23]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/brca-gene-test/about/pac-20384815
5. Chikumbutso cha Sloan Kettering Cancer Center [Internet]. New York: Chikumbutso cha Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; c2018. BRCA1 ndi BRCA2 Chibadwa: Kuopsa kwa Khansa ya m'mawere ndi yamchiberekero [yotchulidwa 2018 Feb 23]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 5]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/risk-assessment-screening/hereditary-genetics/genetic-counseling/brca1-brca2-genes-risk-breast-ovarian
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7. National Cancer Institute [Intaneti]. Bethesda (MD): Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ndi Zantchito ku U.S. NCI Dictionary Yokhudza Khansa: kusintha [kutchulidwa 2018 Feb 23]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/search?contains=false&q;=mutation
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Zomwe zili patsamba lino siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa chithandizo chamankhwala kapena upangiri. Lumikizanani ndi othandizira azaumoyo ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudzana ndi thanzi lanu.