Titaniyamu Dioxide mu Chakudya - Kodi Muyenera Kuda nkhawa?

Zamkati

• Ntchito ndi maubwino
• Khalidwe labwino
• Kusunga chakudya ndi kulongedza
• Zodzoladzola
• Zowopsa
• Gulu la 2B carcinogen
• Kuyamwa
• Kudzikundikira kwa thupi
• Kuopsa
• Zotsatira zoyipa
• Kodi muyenera kupewa?
• Mfundo yofunika

Kuyambira utoto mpaka kununkhira, anthu ambiri akudziwikiratu zosakaniza mu chakudya chawo.

Imodzi mwa mitundu ya chakudya yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi titaniyamu woipa, ufa wopanda fungo womwe umakongoletsa utoto woyera kapena kuwonekera kwa zakudya ndi zinthu zogulitsidwa, kuphatikizapo zonunkhira khofi, maswiti, zoteteza ku dzuwa, ndi mankhwala otsukira mano (,).

Kusiyanasiyana kwa titaniyamu ya dioxide kumawonjezeredwa kukulitsa kuyera kwa utoto, mapulasitiki, ndi zopangidwa pamapepala, ngakhale kusiyanaku kumasiyana ndi komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pachakudya (,).

Komabe, mwina mungadabwe ngati zili zotheka kumwa.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza momwe ntchito, maubwino, komanso chitetezo cha titaniyamu dioxide.

Ntchito ndi maubwino

Titaniyamu dioxide ili ndi zolinga zambiri pakupanga chakudya komanso chitukuko cha zinthu.

Khalidwe labwino

Chifukwa cha kufalikira kwake kowala, titaniyamu dayokosidi yaying'ono imawonjezeredwa pazakudya zina kuti zikongoletse utoto wake woyera kapena kuwonekera (,).

Mitengo yambiri ya titaniyamu ya chakudya imakhala pafupifupi 200-300 nanometers (nm) m'mimba mwake. Kukula uku kumapangitsa kufalikira kwa kuwala koyenera, komwe kumapangitsa mtundu wabwino kwambiri ().

Kuti muwonjezere pachakudya, chowonjezerachi chiyenera kukwaniritsa 99% yoyera. Komabe, izi zimasiya malo ochepera zoipitsa monga lead, arsenic, kapena mercury ().

Zakudya zofala kwambiri ndi titaniyamu dioxide ndi chingamu, maswiti, mitanda, chokoleti, zonunkhira khofi, ndi zokongoletsa keke (,).

Kusunga chakudya ndi kulongedza

Titaniyamu dioxide imawonjezeredwa m'maphukusi ena azakudya kuti asunge alumali moyo wazogulitsa.

Kukhazikitsa komwe kumakhala ndi zowonjezera izi kwawonetsedwa kuti kumachepetsa kupanga ethylene mu zipatso, motero kuchedwetsa nthawi yakupsa ndikuchulukitsa nthawi ya alumali ().

Kuphatikiza apo, phukusili lakhala likuwonetsa kuti limakhala ndi ma antibacterial komanso photocatalytic, omalizawa amachepetsa kuwonekera kwa ultraviolet (UV) ().

Zodzoladzola

Titaniyamu dioxide imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chopangira utoto pazodzikongoletsa komanso zogulitsa ngati milomo, zoteteza ku dzuwa, mankhwala otsukira mano, mafuta, ndi ufa. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka ngati nano-titanium dioxide, yomwe ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kuposa mtundu wa chakudya ().

Imathandiza kwambiri podzitchinjiriza ndi dzuwa chifukwa imakhala ndi kukana kwamphamvu kwa UV ndipo imathandizira kuletsa kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa UVA ndi UVB kuti isafike pakhungu lanu ().

Komabe, popeza imakhala yosasunthika - kutanthauza kuti imatha kuyambitsa kupanga kwaulere - nthawi zambiri imakhala yokutidwa mu silika kapena alumina kuti iteteze kuwonongeka kwama cell popanda kuchepetsa zida zake zoteteza UV ().

Ngakhale zodzoladzola sizinapangidwe kuti zizidyedwa, pali nkhawa kuti titaniyamu dioxide mu milomo ndi mankhwala otsukira mano atha kumezedwa kapena kuyamwa kudzera pakhungu.

Chifukwa cha kuwala kwake kowala kwambiri, titaniyamu ya dioxide imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya zambiri komanso zodzikongoletsera kuti zikongoletse utoto wawo ndikuletsa kuwala kwa ultraviolet.

Zowopsa

M'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, nkhawa zowopsa zakumwa kwa titaniyamu dioxide zakula.

Gulu la 2B carcinogen

Dipatimenti ya Food and Drug Administration (FDA) imagawa titaniyamu woipa monga Wodziwika Kuti Wotetezeka (7).

Izi zati, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) yatchula kuti gulu la 2B carcinogen - wothandizira yemwe atha kukhala wopha khansa koma alibe kafukufuku wokwanira wa nyama ndi anthu. Izi zadzetsa nkhawa pazachitetezo chake muzakudya (8, 9).

Izi zidaperekedwa, monga kafukufuku wina wazinyama adapeza kuti kupumira fumbi la titaniyamu dioxide kumatha kuyambitsa zotupa zam'mapapo. Komabe, IARC inatsimikiza kuti zakudya zomwe zili ndi zowonjezera izi sizikhala pachiwopsezo ichi (8).

Chifukwa chake, lero, amangolimbikitsa kuchepetsa mpweya wa titaniyamu wa dioxide m'makampani omwe amakhala ndi fumbi lalikulu, monga kupanga mapepala (8).

Kuyamwa

Pali nkhawa ina yokhudza khungu ndi matumbo kuyamwa kwa titaniyamu woipa nanoparticles, omwe ndi ochepera 100 nm m'mimba mwake.

Kafukufuku wina wazing'ono akuwonetsa kuti ma nanoparticles amalowetsedwa m'maselo am'matumbo ndipo atha kubweretsa kupsinjika kwa oxidative komanso kukula kwa khansa. Komabe, kafukufuku wina wapezeka kuti alibe zotsatirapo (,,).

Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku wa 2019 adawonetsa kuti titaniyamu woipa wazakudya anali wokulirapo osati nanoparticles. Chifukwa chake, olembawo adatsimikiza kuti titaniyamu dioxide iliyonse pachakudya imasakanizidwa bwino, zomwe sizikuwopseza thanzi la munthu ().

Pomaliza, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti titaniyamu dioxide nanoparticles samadutsa gawo loyamba la khungu - stratum corneum - ndipo siomwe amachititsa khansa (,).

Kudzikundikira kwa thupi

Kafukufuku wina mu makoswe awona kuti titaniyamu ya dioxide ikupezeka m'chiwindi, ndulu, ndi impso. Izi zati, maphunziro ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito Mlingo wokwera kuposa momwe mungadye, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kudziwa ngati zotsatirazi zitha kuchitika mwa anthu ().

Ndemanga ya 2016 yochokera ku European Food Safety Authority idatsimikiza kuti kuyamwa kwa titaniyamu dioxide ndikotsika kwambiri ndipo tinthu tina tomwe timayamwa timatulutsa ndowe (14).

Komabe, adapeza kuti magawo ochepa a 0.01% adalowetsedwa ndi maselo amthupi - omwe amadziwika kuti matumbo am'magazi am'magazi - ndipo amatha kuperekedwa ku ziwalo zina. Pakadali pano, sizikudziwika momwe izi zingakhudzire thanzi la anthu (14).

Ngakhale maphunziro ambiri mpaka pano sakuwonetsa zoyipa zilizonse chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito titaniyamu dioxide, maphunziro owerengeka a anthu omwe akupezeka kwakanthawi. Chifukwa chake, kufufuza kwina kumafunikira kuti mumvetsetse bwino ntchito yake pamoyo wamunthu (,).

Titaniyamu dioxide amadziwika kuti ndi gulu la khansa ya gulu 2B popeza maphunziro a nyama alumikiza kupuma kwake ndi kukula kwa chotupa cha m'mapapo. Komabe, palibe kafukufuku yemwe akuwonetsa kuti titaniyamu ya dioxide mu chakudya imavulaza thanzi lanu.

Kuopsa

Ku United States, zinthu sizikhala ndi 1% yolemera kwambiri ya titaniyamu, ndipo chifukwa chakumwaza bwino kuwala, opanga chakudya amangofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono kuti akwaniritse zotsatira zabwino ().

Ana ochepera zaka 10 amadya zowonjezera zowonjezera, ndi avareji ya 0.08 mg pa paundi (0.18 mg pa kg) ya kulemera kwa thupi patsiku.

Mofananamo, wamkulu wamkulu amadya mozungulira 0.05 mg pa paundi (0.1 mg pa kg) patsiku, ngakhale manambalawa amasiyana (, 14).

Izi zimachitika chifukwa chodya kwambiri mitanda ndi maswiti a ana, komanso kukula kwa thupi lawo ().

Chifukwa cha kafukufuku wocheperako, palibe Kuvomerezeka kwa Tsiku Lililonse (ADI) kwa titaniyamu dioxide. Komabe, kuwunikira mozama ndi European Food Safety Authority sikunapeze zovuta m'makoswe omwe amadya 1,023 mg pa paundi (2,250 mg pa kg) patsiku (14).

Komabe, kufufuza kwina kwaumunthu ndikofunikira.

Ana amadya kwambiri titaniyamu woipa chifukwa chofala kwambiri m'maphika ndi mitanda. Kafukufuku wochuluka amafunika ADI isanakhazikitsidwe.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Pali kafukufuku wochepa pazotsatira zoyipa za titaniyamu dioxide, ndipo zimatengera njira yolowera (,,):

• Kumwa pakamwa. Palibe zovuta zodziwika.
• Maso. Mgwirizanowu ungayambitse kukwiya pang'ono.
• Kutulutsa mpweya. Kupuma kwa fumbi la titaniyamu dioxide kumalumikizidwa ndi khansa yamapapu m'maphunziro a nyama.
• Khungu. Zingayambitse kukwiya pang'ono.

Zotsatira zoyipa zambiri zimakhudzana ndi kupuma fumbi la titaniyamu dioxide. Chifukwa chake, pali miyezo yamakampani yomwe ingachepetse kuwonekera ().

Palibe zovuta zodziwika zakumwa titaniyamu dioxide. Komabe, kafukufuku wazinyama akuwonetsa kuti kupumira fumbi lake kumatha kulumikizidwa ndi khansa yamapapo.

Kodi muyenera kupewa?

Mpaka pano, titaniyamu ya dioxide imaonedwa kuti ndi yabwino kudya.

Kafukufuku wambiri amamaliza kuti kuchuluka kwa zomwe amadya ndizotsika kwambiri kotero kuti sizikhala pachiwopsezo kuumoyo wa anthu (,,, 14).

Komabe, ngati mukufunabe kupewa zowonjezera izi, onetsetsani kuti mwawerenga zolemba ndi zakumwa mosamala. Kutafuna chingamu, mitanda, maswiti, kirimu, ndi zokongoletsa za keke ndiwo zakudya zofala kwambiri ndi titaniyamu woipa.

Kumbukirani kuti pakhoza kukhala malonda osiyanasiyana kapena mayina apachiyambi omwe opanga amatha kulembetsa m'malo mwa "titanium dioxide," onetsetsani kuti mukudziwitsa nokha (17).

Poganizira za titaniyamu dioxide imapezeka muzakudya zambiri zosinthidwa, ndizosavuta kupewa posankha chakudya chokwanira, chosakonzedwa.

Ngakhale titaniyamu dioxide amadziwika kuti ndiwotheka, mwina mungafune kuyipewa. Zakudya zofala kwambiri ndi zowonjezera ndizotafuna chingamu, buledi, zokometsera khofi, ndi zokongoletsa keke.

Mfundo yofunika

Titaniyamu dayokosayidi imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsera zakudya zambiri kuphatikiza zodzikongoletsera, utoto, ndi mapepala.

Zakudya zokhala ndi titaniyamu dioxide nthawi zambiri zimakhala maswiti, mitanda, chingamu, zonunkhira khofi, chokoleti, ndi zokongoletsa keke.

Ngakhale pali zovuta zina zachitetezo, titaniyamu ya dioxide imadziwika kuti ndi yotetezeka ndi FDA. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu ambiri samadya pafupifupi zokwanira kuti athe kuwononga chilichonse.

Ngati mukufunabe kupewa titaniyamu dioxide, onetsetsani kuti mwawerenga zilembo mosamala ndikumamatira kuzakudya zochepa zomwe zakonzedwa.