Khansa ya impso: zizindikiro, kuzindikira ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za khansa ya impso
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• 1. Opaleshoni
• 2. Thandizo lachilengedwe
• 3. Kuphatikiza
• 4. Radiotherapy
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu

Khansa ya impso, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti khansa ya impso, ndi khansa yodziwika bwino yomwe imakhudza makamaka amuna azaka zapakati pa 55 ndi 75, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikilo monga kupezeka kwa magazi mumkodzo, kupweteka kosalekeza kumbuyo kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi, Mwachitsanzo.

Kawirikawiri, khansa ya impso yotchuka kwambiri ndi a renal cell carcinoma, yomwe imatha kuchiritsidwa mosavuta ndi opareshoni, ikazindikira msanga. Komabe, ngati khansayo idayamba kale, kupatsidwa mankhwala kumatha kukhala kovuta kwambiri, ndipo pangafunike kuthandizanso mankhwala ena, monga ma radiation, kuwonjezera pa opaleshoni.

Zizindikiro za khansa ya impso

Zizindikiro za khansa ya impso ndizachilendo kudwala koyamba, koma khansayo ikamakulirakulira, zizindikilo zina zimatha kuonekera, zazikuluzikulu ndizo:

• Magazi mkodzo;
• Kutupa kapena kulemera m'mimba;
• Kupweteka kosalekeza pansi pamsana;
• Kutopa kwambiri;
• Kuchepetsa thupi nthawi zonse;
• Malungo otsika nthawi zonse.

Kuphatikiza apo, popeza impso zili ndi udindo wowongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kupangika kwa magazi, kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwamphamvu yamagazi kumakhala kofala, komanso kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa ma erythrocyte mumayeso amwazi.

Ngati zizindikirazi zikuchitika ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala kapena nephrologist kuti muwone ngati pali vuto lomwe lingayambitse zizindikilozo, ndipo ngati zitero, kuzindikira khansara adakali koyambirira, ndikuthandizira chithandizo.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Kuti awone zomwe zikuchitika mu impso ndikusanthula malingaliro a khansa, adokotala amatha kuyitanitsa mayeso osiyanasiyana monga ultrasound, chifuwa cha X-ray, computed tomography kapena maginito amvekere, mwachitsanzo.

Ultrasound nthawi zambiri ndimayeso oyamba kuwuzidwa, chifukwa zimathandizira kuzindikira ndikuwunika misala ndi zotupa mu impso, zomwe zitha kuwonetsa khansa. Mayeso enawo, kumbali inayo, atha kuchitidwa kuti atsimikizire kupezako matenda kapena kuyambitsa matendawa.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha khansa ya impso chimadalira kukula ndi kukula kwa chotupacho, koma mitundu yayikulu yamankhwala ndi awa:

1. Opaleshoni

Zimachitika pafupifupi nthawi zonse ndipo zimathandiza kuchotsa gawo lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi impso. Chifukwa chake, khansa ikazindikira msanga, opareshoni ikhoza kukhala njira yokhayo yothandizira yofunikira, chifukwa imatha kuchotsa ma cell onse a khansa ndikuchiza khansa.

Pazaka zapamwamba kwambiri za khansa, opaleshoni imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi radiotherapy, mwachitsanzo, kuchepetsa kukula kwa chotupacho ndikuthandizira chithandizo.

2. Thandizo lachilengedwe

Mu chithandizo chamtunduwu, mankhwala monga Sunitinib, Pazopanib kapena Axitinib amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi ndikuthandizira kuthana ndi maselo a khansa.

Komabe, mankhwala amtunduwu sagwira ntchito nthawi zonse, chifukwa chake, dokotala angafunike kuyesa kangapo panthawi ya chithandizo kuti athe kusintha mlingo komanso kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

3. Kuphatikiza

Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati matenda a khansa atadwala kwambiri pomwe thanzi la munthu sililola kuchitidwa opaleshoni, komanso limalepheretsa magazi kupita kudera lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi impso, ndikupangitsa kuti afe.

Kuti achite izi, dokotalayo amalowetsa chubu chaching'ono, chotchedwa catheter, mumtsempha wa m'mimba ndikuchiwongolera ku impso. Kenako, mumabaya chinthu chomwe chimatseka mitsempha ndikutchinjiriza magazi.

4. Radiotherapy

Mankhwala a radiation amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakagwa khansa ndi metastasis, chifukwa imagwiritsa ntchito radiation kuti ichedwetse kukula kwa khansa ndikuletsa ma metastases kuti asapitirire kukula.

Chithandizo chamtunduwu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito asanachite opareshoni kuti chotupacho chikhale chocheperako komanso chosavuta kuchichotsa, kapena pambuyo pake, kuchotsa ma cell a khansa omwe adalephera kuchotsedwa ndi opaleshoniyi.

Ngakhale pamafunika chithandizo champhindi zochepa tsiku lililonse, chithandizo chama radiation chimakhala ndi zovuta zina monga kutopa kwambiri, kutsegula m'mimba kapena kumva kuti mukudwala nthawi zonse.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu

Khansara ya impso, kuwonjezera pofala kwambiri mwa amuna atakwanitsa zaka 60, imakhalanso yofala kwa anthu omwe ali ndi:

• BMI yoposa 30 Kg / m²;
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi;
• Mbiri ya banja la khansa ya impso;
• Matenda achibadwa, monga Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome;
• Osuta fodya;
• Kunenepa kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, iwo omwe amafunikira chithandizo cha dialysis kuti azisefa magazi, chifukwa cha mavuto ena a impso, alinso pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa yamtunduwu.