Squamous cell carcinoma: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Zomwe zingayambitse
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• 1. Opaleshoni ya Mohs
• 2. Opaleshoni yapadera
• 3. Curettage ndi electrodissection
• 4. Kuchiza Opaleshoni
• 5. Radiotherapy
• 6. Chithandizo cha Photodynamic
• 7. Opaleshoni ya Laser
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu

Squamous cell carcinoma ndi khansa yachiwiri yodziwika kwambiri ya khansa yapakhungu, yomwe imapezeka pakhungu lalikulu kwambiri pakhungu, ndipo yomwe imawonekera kwambiri m'zigawo za thupi zomwe zimawonekera padzuwa, monga nkhope, khosi, mikono kapena miyendo .

Khansara yamtunduwu imatha kukhala yovuta kuizindikira, koma imawoneka ngati malo ofiira ofiira kapena abulauni omwe amatha kukula kukula pakapita nthawi kapena kupangitsa chilonda chomwe sichichira, mwachitsanzo.

Njira zamankhwala ndizosiyanasiyana ndipo zimadalira kukula, malo ndi kuya kwa chotupacho, msinkhu wa munthu komanso thanzi lake. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mukafunsane ndi dermatologist paliponse pomwe panali khungu lomwe silinadziwike pakhungu, lomwe limakula pakapita nthawi kapena lomwe limayambitsa mtundu wina wazizindikiro, monga kupweteka kapena kumva kulira.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro zomwe zingasonyeze kupezeka kwa squamous cell carcinoma ndi:

• Nkhono yolimba ndi yofiira;
• Bala ndi khungu;
• Zowawa komanso zopweteka pachilonda chakale kapena zilonda zam'mimba.

Squamous cell carcinoma nthawi zambiri imapezeka pakhungu lowala ndi dzuwa, monga khungu, manja, makutu kapena milomo.

Kuphatikiza apo, malo owola, owuma pamlomo atha kukula omwe amatha kukhala zilonda zotseguka, zilonda zofiira kapena zowawa mkamwa kapena kuwonekera kwa zilonda zangati nyerere pa anus kapena kumaliseche.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Zomwe zimayambitsa squamous cell carcinoma pakhungu ndizowonera dzuwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mabedi ofufuta ndi zilonda pakhungu, chifukwa khansa imatha kuwotcha, zipsera, zilonda zam'mimba, zilonda zakale komanso mbali zina za thupi zomwe kale zimadwala X- kunyezimira kapena mankhwala ena.

Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kupangidwanso kuchokera kumatenda opitilira muyeso ndi kutupa pakhungu kapena mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, matenda obwera chifukwa chodzitchinjiriza kapena anthu omwe akudwala kapena adalandira chemotherapy ndi mankhwala ena omwe amachititsa kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chiteteze, kuchepa kwa matenda osagonjetsedwa ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha kukhala ndi khansa yapakhungu.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Ngati imadziwika msanga, squamous cell carcinoma ya khungu imatha kuchiritsidwa, apo ayi zotupa zimatha kulowa m'matenda ozungulira khansa ndikuwononga khungu, komanso zimatha kupanga metastases ndikufikira ziwalo zina.

Chithandizocho chiyenera kusinthidwa malinga ndi mtundu, kukula, malo ndi kuya kwa chotupacho, msinkhu wa munthu komanso thanzi lake, ndipo pali mankhwala angapo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito:

1. Opaleshoni ya Mohs

Njirayi imaphatikizapo kuchotsa mbali yowoneka ya chotupacho, yomwe imayang'aniridwa ndi microscope, ndipo njirayi imabwerezedwa mpaka khungu lomalizira litachotsedwa lilibe maselo otupa. Pambuyo pochotsa, bala limatha kuchira bwino kapena kumangidwanso ndi opaleshoni ya pulasitiki.

2. Opaleshoni yapadera

Ndi njirayi, minofu yonse ya khansa imachotsedwa, komanso malire a khungu mozungulira chotupacho, ngati chitetezo. Bala limatsekedwa ndi ulusi ndipo minofu yomwe yachotsedwa imatumizidwa kuti ikawunikidwe kuti iwonetsetse kuti ma cell onse a khansa achotsedwa.

3. Curettage ndi electrodissection

Pochita izi, khansara imadulidwa ndi chida chotchedwa curette, kenako singano yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito yomwe imawononga maselo owopsa ndikuwongolera kutuluka kwa magazi. Njirayi imabwerezedwa pafupipafupi, kuonetsetsa kuti maselo onse a khansa achotsedwa.

Njirayi imaganiziridwa kuti siyothandiza pama carcinomas owopsa komanso owopsa kapena khansa m'malo ovuta, monga zikope, ziwalo zoberekera, milomo ndi makutu.

4. Kuchiza Opaleshoni

Mu cryosurgery, chotupacho chimawonongedwa ndikuziziritsa minofu ndi madzi a nayitrogeni, osafunikira mabala kapena ochititsa dzanzi. Njirayi imayenera kubwerezedwa kangapo, kuti maselo onse owopsa awonongeke.

Njirayi sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza khansa yowopsa kwambiri, chifukwa siyothandiza m'malo ozama a chotupacho.

5. Radiotherapy

Pochita izi, ma X-ray amagwiritsidwa ntchito molunjika pachilondacho, ndipo ochititsa dzanzi kapena kudula nawonso sikofunikira, komabe, ndikofunikira kuchita mankhwala angapo, operekedwa kangapo kwa mwezi umodzi.

Radiotherapy imawonetsedwa pamatenda omwe ndi ovuta kuchiza kudzera mu opaleshoni kapena pazochitika zomwe sizikulimbikitsidwa.

6. Chithandizo cha Photodynamic

Mankhwala a Photodynamic amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa anthu omwe khansa yawo imayamba kumaso kapena kumutu. Pochita izi, 5-aminolevulinic acid imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazilonda ndipo tsiku lotsatira kuwala kwamphamvu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwalawa amawononga maselo a carcinoma osawononga minofu yabwinobwino.

7. Opaleshoni ya Laser

Mwa njirayi, laser imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa khungu lakunja ndi khungu losiyanasiyana, popanda magazi. Zowopsa zakusowa ndi kutayika kwa pigment ndizocheperako poyerekeza ndi njira zina, ndipo kuchuluka kwakubwereza kumafanana ndi kwa mankhwala a photodynamic.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu

Ngakhale amakhulupirira kuti khansa yamtunduwu imatha kukhala yololera ndipo imangowonekera mwadzidzidzi, milandu yomwe imakonda kukhala ndi squamous cell carcinoma ndi iyi:

• Khalani ndi khungu lowala ndi tsitsi kapena buluu, maso obiriwira kapena otuwa;
• Kutuluka padzuwa pafupipafupi, makamaka nthawi yotentha kwambiri;
• Khalani ndi mbiri ya basal cell carcinoma;
• Kukhala ndi matenda otchedwa xeroderma pigmentosum. Dziwani zambiri za matendawa;
• Kukhala woposa zaka 50;

Komanso, matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa amuna kuposa akazi.