Kusamva: momwe mungadziwire, zomwe zimayambitsa ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Momwe mungadziwire
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Zomwe zimayambitsa kugontha

Kugontha, kapena kumva, ndiko kuchepa kwakumva pang'ono kapena kwathunthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu wokhudzidwayo akhale ovuta kumvetsetsa ndikulankhula, ndipo kumatha kukhala kobadwa nako, munthuyo atabadwa ndi chilema, kapena atapeza moyo wake wonse, chifukwa cha chibadwa, zoopsa kapena matenda omwe amakhudza chiwalo ichi.

Chifukwa chake chidzadziwitsanso mtundu wa ugonthi, womwe umadziwika kuti ndi:

• Kuyendetsa ugonthi kapena kufalitsa: kumachitika china chake chimatseka mawu kumutu wamkati, chifukwa chimakhudza khutu lakunja kapena lapakati pazifukwa zomwe zimachiritsidwa kapena kuchiritsidwa, monga kuphulika kwa eardrum, kudzikundikira kwa ndala, matenda am'makutu kapena zotupa, chifukwa chitsanzo;
• Kugontha kwakumverera kapena kuzindikira: ndiye chifukwa chofala kwambiri, ndipo chimayamba chifukwa chakutenga khutu lamkati, ndipo mawuwo samakonzedwa kapena kutumizidwa kuubongo, chifukwa cha zoyambitsa monga kuchepa kwa ma cell amawu ndi msinkhu, kuwonekera pakumveka kwakukulu , matenda ozungulira kapena kagayidwe kachakudya monga kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena matenda ashuga, zotupa kapena matenda amtundu, mwachitsanzo.

Palinso ugonthi wosakanikirana, womwe umachitika chifukwa chophatikiza mitundu iwiri ya ugonthi, chifukwa chakutenga pakati komanso khutu lamkati. Ndikofunikira kuti mtundu wa ugonthi uzindikiridwe kotero kuti chithandizo choyenera kwambiri chitha kuyambika, malinga ndi momwe otorhinolaryngologist amathandizira.

Momwe mungadziwire

Kuwonongeka kwakumva kumadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa kutha kuzindikira mamvekedwe, pang'ono, momwe kumvera kwina, kapena kwathunthu, kumatha kupitilirabe. Kuwonongeka kwakumva kumeneku kumatha kuyezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito chida chotchedwa audiometer, chomwe chimayeza kuchuluka kwakumva kwama decibel.

Chifukwa chake, kusamva kumatha kugawidwa ndi madigiri mu:

• Kuwala: kutaya kwakumva kumakhala mpaka ma decibel 40, omwe amalepheretsa kumva phokoso lofooka kapena lakutali. Munthuyo atha kukhala ndi zovuta kumvetsetsa zokambirana ndikupempha kuti mawuwo azibwerezedwa pafupipafupi, nthawi zonse akuwoneka kuti akusokonezedwa, koma sizimayambitsa kusintha kwakanthawi mchilankhulo;
• Wamkati: ndikumva pakati pa ma decibel 40 mpaka 70, momwe kumveka kwamphamvu kwambiri kumamveka, ndikupangitsa zovuta kulumikizana, monga kuchedwa kwa chilankhulo, komanso kufunika kwa luso lowerenga milomo kuti mumvetsetse bwino;
• Kwambiri: amachititsa kuti asamve pakati pa 70 ndi 90 decibel, yomwe imalola kumvetsetsa kwamaphokoso ndi mawu ena, kupangitsa kuzindikira kwakumaso ndi kuwerenga milomo ndikofunikira kuti mumvetsetse;
• Zozama: ndi mawonekedwe owopsa kwambiri, ndipo zimachitika kutayika kwakumva kupitirira ma decibel 90, kulepheretsa kulumikizana komanso kumvetsetsa mawu.

Pakakhala zizindikiritso zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti akumva, muyenera kupita kukafunsira kwa otorhinolaryngologist, yemwe, kuwonjezera pa mayeso a audiometry, apangitsa kuwunika kwachipatala kuti adziwe ngati kuli koyambira kapena kosagwirizana, zomwe zingayambitse komanso zoyenera chithandizo. Mvetsetsani momwe mayeso a audiometry amachitikira.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha ogontha chimadalira chifukwa chake, ndipo kuyeretsa kapena kutsetsereka kwa khutu kumatha kuwonetsedwa pakakhala phula kapena katulutsidwe, kapena opareshoni pakakhala phulusa la eardrum kapena kukonza zolakwika zilizonse.

Komabe, kuti munthu amve bwino, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zothandizira kumva kapena zowonjezera. Pambuyo posonyeza chithandizo chakumva, wothandizira kulankhula ndiye akhale katswiri wowongolera kagwiritsidwe, mtundu wa chipangizocho, kuphatikiza pakusintha ndikuwunika thandizo lakumvera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito.

Kuphatikiza apo, odwala ena atha kupindulanso ndi njira zina zakukonzanso zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuwerenga milomo kapena chilankhulo chamanja, zomwe zimathandizira kulumikizana komanso kucheza ndi anthu awa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kugontha

Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa kutayika kwamakutu ndizomwe zimayambitsa moyo wonse, kaya mwadzidzidzi kapena pang'onopang'ono, monga:

• Phula lakumutu wapakatikati, wambiri;
• Pamaso pa madzi, monga zotsekemera, pakati pakhutu;
• Kukhalapo kwa chinthu zachilendo mkati khutu, monga tirigu wa mpunga, mwachitsanzo, wamba mwa ana;
• Otosclerosis, Matendawa ndi komwe khutu, lomwe ndi fupa la khutu, limasiya kugwedezeka ndipo mawu sangadutse;
• Otitis pachimake kapena matenda, kunja kapena pakati pa khutu;
• Zotsatira za mankhwala ena monga chemotherapy, loop diuretics kapena aminoglycosides;
• Phokoso lokwanira, kuposa ma decibel 85 kwanthawi yayitali, monga makina amakampani, nyimbo zaphokoso, zida kapena maroketi, zomwe zimawononga mitsempha yonyamula mawu;
• Kusokonezeka mutu kapena sitiroko;
• Matenda monga multiple sclerosis, lupus, matenda a Peget, meningitis, matenda a Ménière, kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena matenda ashuga;
• Zogulitsa monga Alport kapena Usher;

• Chotupa chamakutu kapena zotupa zamaubongo zomwe zimakhudza gawo lamakutu.

Matenda obadwa nako ogontha amachitika akapatsirana ali ndi pakati, chifukwa chakumwa mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kusowa zakudya m'thupi kwa amayi, matenda, monga matenda ashuga, kapena matenda omwe amabwera panthawi yapakati, monga chikuku, rubella kapena toxoplasmosis.