Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Kudziwa kwa COVID-19

Zamkati

• Nthawi yomwe mungaganizire kukayezetsa matenda a COVID-19
• Zizindikiro zofunika kuziyang'anira
• Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani ngati mukufuna kukayezetsa?
• Nchiyani chomwe chimaphatikizidwa pakuyesa?
• Kodi mitundu ina ya mayeso ipezeka?
• Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti upeze zotsatira za mayeso?
• Kodi mayeso ndi olondola?
• Kodi chithandizo chamankhwala chimafunika liti?
• Mfundo yofunika

Nkhaniyi idasinthidwa pa Epulo 27, 2020 kuti iphatikize zambiri pazoyesa kuyesa kunyumba komanso pa Epulo 29, 2020 kuphatikiza zowonjezera za 2019 coronavirus.

Kukula kwa matenda atsopano a coronavirus, omwe adapezeka koyamba ku China mu Disembala 2019, akupitilizabe kukhudza anthu padziko lonse lapansi.

Kuzindikira koyambirira komanso kolondola kwa COVID-19 - matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo ka coronavirus yatsopano - ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuletsa kufalikira kwake ndikusintha zotsatira zathanzi.

Pitirizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe zoyenera kuchita ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi zizindikiro za COVID-19, ndipo ndi mayeso ati omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matendawa ku United States.

Nthawi yomwe mungaganizire kukayezetsa matenda a COVID-19

Ngati mwapezeka ndi kachilombo kapena mukuwonetsa zizindikiro zochepa za COVID-19, itanani dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni upangiri wokhudza momwe angayesere komanso nthawi yanji. Osapita ku ofesi ya dokotala pamasom'pamaso, chifukwa mutha kupatsirana.

Muthanso kupeza ma Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) kuti akuthandizeni kusankha nthawi yoyeserera kapena kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala.

Zizindikiro zofunika kuziyang'anira

Zizindikiro zomwe anthu omwe ali ndi COVID-19 amadziwika kwambiri ndi izi:

• malungo
• chifuwa
• kutopa
• kupuma movutikira

Anthu ena atha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zina, monga:

• zilonda zapakhosi
• mutu
• yothamanga kapena mphuno yothinana
• kutsegula m'mimba
• kupweteka kwa minofu
• kuzizira
• kugwedezeka mobwerezabwereza ndi kuzizira
• kutaya kununkhiza kapena kulawa

Zizindikiro za COVID-19 zimakonda kuwonekera pambuyo poyambira kachilomboka.

Anthu ena samangokhala ndi zisonyezo zakudwala kumayambiriro kwa matendawa koma amatha kupatsira ena kachilomboka.

Pazovuta zochepa, njira zopezera chisamaliro kunyumba ndi kudzipatula zokhazokha zitha kukhala zonse zofunika kuti achire bwino ndikuteteza kachilomboka kufalikira kwa ena. Koma milandu ina imafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala chovuta kwambiri.

Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani ngati mukufuna kukayezetsa?

Kuyesedwa kwa COVID-19 pakadali pano kumangolekezera kwa anthu omwe adakumana ndi SARS-CoV-2, dzina lovomerezeka la koronavirus, kapena omwe ali ndi zizindikilo zina, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.

Itanani ofesi yanu ngati mukukayikira kuti mwalandira SARS-CoV-2. Dokotala wanu kapena namwino amatha kuwona momwe thanzi lanu lilili komanso kuwopsa kwake pafoni. Atha kukuwuzani momwe mungapitire kukayezetsa, ndikuthandizani kukutsogolerani kuchipatala choyenera.

Pa Epulo 21, adavomereza kugwiritsa ntchito chida choyesera choyambirira cha COVID-19. Pogwiritsa ntchito swab ya thonje yomwe yaperekedwa, anthu azitha kutenga mphuno ndikutumiza ku labotale yoyesedwa kuti ikayesedwe.

Chilolezo chogwiritsa ntchito mwadzidzidzi chimafotokoza kuti zida zoyeserera ndizovomerezeka kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito ndi anthu omwe akatswiri azaumoyo adazindikira kuti akukayikira COVID-19.

Nchiyani chomwe chimaphatikizidwa pakuyesa?

imakhalabe njira yoyesera yoyezetsa matenda ku COVID-19 ku United States. Uwu ndi mayeso omwewo omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire kupuma kwamphamvu (SARS) pomwe idayamba kuwonekera mu 2002.

Kuti atenge zitsanzo za mayeso awa, wothandizira zaumoyo atha kuchita izi:

• sungani mphuno zanu kapena kumbuyo kwa mmero wanu
• aspirate madzi kuchokera m'munsi mwanu kupuma
• tengani malovu kapena chopondapo

Ofufuzawo amatulutsa asidi wa asidi pachitsanzo cha ma virus ndikukulitsa magawo ena amtundu wake kudzera munjira yosinthira PCR (RT-PCR). Izi zimawapatsa mtundu wokulirapo poyerekeza ndi ma virus. Mitundu iwiri imatha kupezeka mkati mwa genome ya SARS-CoV-2.

Zotsatira zoyesa ndi izi:

• zabwino ngati majini onse atapezeka
• osadziwika ngati jini imodzi yokha ipezeka
• zoipa ngati palibe jini yomwe imapezeka

Dokotala wanu amathanso kuyitanitsa chifuwa cha CT kuti chifufuze COVID-19 kapena kuti muwone bwino momwe kachilomboko kakufalikira.

Kodi mitundu ina ya mayeso ipezeka?

A FDA adavomereza posachedwa kugwiritsa ntchito gawo limodzi poyesera kukulitsa mphamvu zowunika.

FDA idavomereza zida zoyesera za point-of-care (POC) zopangidwa ndi kampani yaku California yozindikira ma cell Cepheid m'malo osiyanasiyana osamalira odwala. Kuyesaku kuyambika koyambirira monga madipatimenti azadzidzidzi ndi zipatala zina.

Kuyesaku pakadali pano kwasungidwa poyeretsa ogwira ntchito zazaumoyo kuti abwerere kuntchito kutsatira kuwonekera kwa SARS-CoV-2 ndi iwo omwe ali ndi COVID-19.

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti upeze zotsatira za mayeso?

Zitsanzo za RT-PCR nthawi zambiri zimayesedwa m'magulu m'malo omwe sanasonkhanitsidwe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zimatha kutenga tsiku limodzi kapena kupitilira apo kuti zithe kuyesedwa.

Kuyesedwa kwaposachedwa kwa POC kumalola kuti zitsanzo zisonkhanitsidwe ndikuyesedwa pamalo omwewo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zisinthe mwachangu.

Zipangizo za Cepheid POC zimapanga zotsatira zoyesa mkati mwa mphindi 45.

Kodi mayeso ndi olondola?

Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira za mayeso a RT-PCR ndizolondola. Zotsatirazo sizingathetse matenda ngati kuyezetsa kumachitika koyambirira kwambiri kwamatenda. Kuchuluka kwa ma virus kungakhale kotsika kwambiri kuti athe kuzindikira matenda pano.

Kafukufuku waposachedwa wa COVID-19 adapeza kuti zolondola zimasiyanasiyana, kutengera kuti zitsanzo zidasonkhanitsidwa liti komanso motani.

Kafukufuku omwewo adapezanso kuti chifuwa cha CT chimasanthula molondola matendawa mu 98% ya milandu pomwe mayeso a RT-PCR adazindikira kuti ndi 71 peresenti ya nthawiyo.

RT-PCR itha kukhalabe mayeso ofikirika kwambiri, chifukwa chake lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani ngati muli ndi nkhawa ndi mayeso.

Kodi chithandizo chamankhwala chimafunika liti?

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi COVID-19 samamva kupuma pang'ono pomwe ena amapuma bwino koma amakhala ndi mpweya wochepa wowerenga - mkhalidwe wodziwika ngati chete hypoxia. Zonsezi zimatha kukula msanga mpaka kupuma kwamatenda (ARDS), komwe ndi vuto lachipatala.

Pamodzi ndi kupuma mwadzidzidzi komanso kwakanthawi, anthu omwe ali ndi ARDS amathanso kuyamba chizungulire, kugunda kwamtima mwachangu, ndi thukuta kwambiri.

Pansipa pali zina, koma osati zonse, za zikwangwani zadzidzidzi za COVID-19 - zina zomwe zikuwonetsa kupita patsogolo kwa ARDS:

• kupuma movutikira kapena kupuma movutikira
• kupweteka kosalekeza, kulimba, kufinya kapena kusapeza bwino pachifuwa kapena kumtunda
• kusokonezeka mwadzidzidzi kapena mavuto kuganiza bwino
• utoto wabuluu pakhungu, makamaka milomo, mabedi amisomali, nkhama, kapena mozungulira maso
• malungo akulu omwe samayankha kuzizira kwanthawi zonse
• manja ozizira kapena mapazi
• kugunda kofooka

Pezani chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu ngati muli ndi izi kapena zizindikiro zina zazikulu. Itanani dokotala wanu kapena chipatala chapafupi pasadakhale, ngati mungathe, kuti akupatseni malangizo pazomwe mungachite.

Kupeza chithandizo mwachangu ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa aliyense amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta za COVID-19.

Okalamba ali pachiwopsezo chodwala kwambiri, monganso anthu omwe ali ndi matenda awa:

• mavuto akulu amtima, monga kulephera kwa mtima, matenda amitsempha yamtima, kapena ma cardiomyopathies
• matenda a impso
• Matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD)
• kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumachitika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi index ya mass mass (BMI) ya 30 kapena kupitilira apo
• matenda a zenga
• chitetezo chofooka chamthupi cholimba
• mtundu wa 2 shuga

Mfundo yofunika

Kuyesedwa kwa RT-PCR ikadali njira yoyamba yodziwira COVID-19 ku United States. Komabe, asing'anga ena amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma CT CT pachifuwa ngati njira yosavuta, yachangu, komanso yodalirika yoyezera matendawa.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zochepa kapena mukudwala matenda, pitani kuchipatala. Awonanso zoopsa zanu, adzaika njira yodzitetezera ndikusamalira, ndikupatsanso malangizo amomwe mungayesere.