Kodi Matenda a COVID-19 Ndi Chiyani?

Zamkati

• Kodi matenda opatsirana ndi ati?
• Kodi Izi Zikutanthauza Kuti Makatemera Sakugwira Ntchito?
• Kodi Milandu Yopambana Ndi Yofanana Bwanji?
• Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Ngati Mukuganiza Kuti Mukukhala Ndi Matenda Oyamba
• Onaninso za

Chaka chimodzi chapitacho, anthu ambiri amalingalira momwe chilimwe cha 2021 chingawonekere pambuyo pa mliri wa COVID-19. M’dziko la pambuyo pa katemera, maphwando opanda chigoba ndi okondedwa akanakhala chizolowezi, ndipo mapulani obwerera ku ofesi akachitika. Ndipo kwa kanthawi pang’ono, m’malo ena, zimenezo zinali zenizeni. Posachedwa-patsogolo pa Ogasiti 2021, komabe, ndipo zikuwoneka ngati dziko lapansi latenga gawo lalikulu kubwerera m'mbuyo polimbana ndi buku la coronavirus.

Ngakhale anthu 164 miliyoni ku United States adalandira katemera wa COVID-19 pali zochitika zina zomwe anthu omwe ali ndi katemera wathunthu amatha kutenga buku la coronavirus, lotchedwa "breakthrough" ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (Zokhudzana: Catt Sadler Akudwala ndi COVID-19 Ngakhale Atalandira Katemera Wathunthu)

Koma ndi chiyani chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a COVID-19, ndendende? Ndipo ndizofala motani - komanso zowopsa - kodi ndi zotani? Tiyeni tilowe mkati.

Kodi matenda opatsirana ndi ati?

Matenda ophulika amachitika ngati munthu amene watemeredwa (ndipo wakhala kwa masiku 14) atenga kachilomboka, malinga ndi CDC. Omwe akukumana ndi vuto ngakhale atalandira katemera wa COVID-19 atha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zochepa kapena atha kukhala opanda chidziwitso, malinga ndi CDC. Zizindikiro zina zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kufalikira kwa matenda a COVID-19, monga mphuno yothamanga, ndizochepa kwambiri kuposa zomwe zimazindikirika nthawi zambiri zimalumikizidwa ndi COVID-19, monga kupuma movutikira komanso kupuma movutikira, malinga ndi CDC.

Patsikuli, ngakhale milandu yochitika ikuchitika, kuchuluka kwa milandu yomwe imayambitsa matenda akulu, kulandilidwa kuchipatala, kapena kufa ndiyotsika kwambiri, malinga ndi Cleveland Clinic - pafupifupi 0.0037% ya anthu aku America omwe adalandira katemera, malinga ndi kuwerengera kwawo.

Ngakhale sakuwoneka ngati vuto, ndikuyenera kudziwa kuti ngati munthu ali ndi kachilombo ka COVID-19 asanayambe kapena katemera atangotsala pang'ono, pali mwayi woti atha kubwera ndi kachilomboka, malinga ndi CDC. Izi ndichifukwa choti ngati munthu alibe nthawi yokwanira kuti amuteteze ku katemera - aka ma protein a antibody omwe chitetezo chanu chamthupi chimapanga, zomwe zimatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri — amatha kudwalabe.

Kodi Izi Zikutanthauza Kuti Makatemera Sakugwira Ntchito?

Kwenikweni, milandu yopambana idayembekezeredwa kuchitika mwa anthu otemera. Ndi chifukwa palibe katemera chimakhala chothandiza kwambiri kwa 100 popewa matenda kwa iwo omwe alandila katemera, malinga ndi CDC. M'mayesero azachipatala, katemera wa Pfizer-BioNTech adapezeka kuti ali ndi 95 peresenti yothandiza popewa matenda; katemera wa Moderna adapezeka kuti ali ndi mphamvu pa 94.2 peresenti popewa matenda; ndipo katemera wa Johnson & Johnson/Janssen adapezeka kuti ali ndi mphamvu 66.3%, zonse molingana ndi CDC.

Izi zati, pamene kachilomboka kamapitilizabe kusintha, pakhoza kukhala mitundu yatsopano yomwe singatetezedwe moyenera ndi katemera, monga Delta variant (more on that in a sec), malinga ndi WHO; Komabe, kusintha kwa kasinthidwe sikuyenera kuyambitsa katemerayu kukhala wopanda ntchito, ndipo akuyenera kupereka chitetezo china. (Zogwirizana: Pfizer Akugwira Ntchito Pamlingo Wachitatu wa Katemera wa COVID-19 Yemwe 'Amalimbitsa' Kuteteza)

Kodi Milandu Yopambana Ndi Yofanana Bwanji?

Pofika pa Meyi 28, 2021, milandu 10,262 yochokera ku COVID-19 idanenedwa m'maiko ndi madera a 46 aku US, pomwe 27% akuti sichimadziwika, malinga ndi zomwe CDC idalemba. Mwa milanduyi, 10 peresenti ya odwala adagonekedwa mchipatala ndipo 2 peresenti adamwalira. Zatsopano za CDC (zosinthidwa komaliza pa Julayi 26, 2021), zawerengera milandu 6,587 yopambana ya COVID-19 momwe odwala adagonekedwa m'chipatala kapena kumwalira, kuphatikiza 1,263 omwe amwalira; komabe, bungweli silikudziwa 100% kuti ndi angati omwe akupezeka. Chiwerengero cha matenda obwera chifukwa cha katemera wa COVID-19 omwe adanenedwa ku CDC mwina ndi "chiwerengero chochepa cha matenda onse a SARS-CoV-2 pakati pa" omwe adalandira katemera mokwanira, malinga ndi bungwe la org. Popeza zizindikiro zakuphulika kwa matenda zimatha kusokonezedwa ndi chimfine - ndikuwona kuti milandu yambiri ingakhale yopanda tanthauzo - anthu atha kumva kuti safunikira kukayezetsa kapena kupita kuchipatala.

Chifukwa chiyani, ndendende, zochitika zopambana zikuchitika? Choyamba, kusiyanasiyana kwa Delta kumabweretsa vuto linalake. Mtundu watsopanowu wa kachilomboka ukuwoneka kuti ukufalikira mosavuta ndipo umabwera ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chogona kuchipatala, malinga ndi American Society for Microbiology. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku woyambirira akuwonetsa kuti katemera wa mRNA (Pfizer ndi Moderna) ndi 88% yokhayo yolimbana ndi zizindikilo zamtundu wa Delta motsutsana ndi 93% yawo yogwira motsutsana ndi mtundu wa Alpha.

Talingalirani za kafukufukuyu yemwe CDC idatulutsa mu Julayi ikufotokoza za kufalikira kwa COVID-19 kwa milandu 470 ku Provincetown, Massachusetts: Atatu mwa anayi aliwonse omwe ali ndi kachilombo adalandira katemera kwathunthu, ndipo mtundu wa Delta udapezeka m'mitundu yambiri yosanthula chibadwa, malinga ndi zambiri za bungwe. "Katundu wambiri wama virus [kuchuluka kwa kachilombo komwe munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka m'mwazi mwawo] akuwonetsa chiwopsezo chowonjezeka chotenga kachilomboka ndipo kudetsa nkhawa kuti, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, anthu omwe ali ndi katemera omwe ali ndi Delta amatha kufalitsa kachilomboka," atero a Rochelle Walensky, MD , ndi director of the CDC, Lachisanu, malinga ndiNyuzipepala ya New York Times. Zowonadi, kafukufuku waku China akuti kuchuluka kwa ma virus ku delta ndikokwera nthawi 1,000 kuposa mitundu yakale ya COVID, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ma virus kumapangitsa kuti wina afalitse kachilomboka kwa ena.

Potengera zomwe zapezazi, CDC posachedwapa yakhazikitsa upangiri wa chigoba kwa omwe ali ndi katemera wathunthu, kutanthauza kuti anthu azivala m'nyumba m'malo omwe kufala kuli kwakukulu, popeza anthu omwe ali ndi katemera amatha kudwala ndikufalitsa kachilomboka, malinga ndi CDC.

Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Ngati Mukuganiza Kuti Mukukhala Ndi Matenda Oyamba

Nanga bwanji ngati mwakumana ndi munthu yemwe adapezeka ndi COVID-19 koma inuyo muli ndi katemera? Ndi zophweka; kuyezetsa. CDC imalangiza kukayezetsa masiku atatu kapena asanu mutatha kuwonekera, ngakhale mulibe zisonyezo. Kumbali ina, ngati mukudwala - ngakhale matenda anu atakhala ofatsa ndipo mukuganiza kuti ndi chimfine - muyenera kuyesedwa.

Ngakhale COVID-19 idasinthabe - ndipo, inde, milandu yotheka ndiyotheka - katemera amakhalabe oteteza kwambiri polimbana ndi mliriwu. Izi, kuphatikiza kuchita ukhondo woyenerera (kusamba m'manja, kubisala ndikuyetsemula, kutsokomola, kukhala kunyumba ngati mukudwala, ndi zina zotero) komanso kutsatira malangizo a CDC osintha pakuvala chigoba komanso kusamvana kuti inu ndi ena mukhale otetezeka.

Zomwe zili munkhaniyi ndizolondola monga nthawi yolemba. Pomwe zosintha za coronavirus COVID-19 zikupitilizabe kusintha, ndizotheka kuti zina ndi zina zomwe zanenedwa m'nkhaniyi zasintha kuyambira pomwe zidasindikizidwa koyamba. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mumayang'anitsitsa pafupipafupi ndi zinthu monga CDC, WHO, ndi dipatimenti yazaumoyo yakwanuko kuti mumve zambiri zamtunduwu komanso malingaliro awo.

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