Craniopharyngioma: chimene icho chiri, zizindikiro zazikulu, matenda ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Zovuta zotheka
• Kodi craniopharyngioma imachiritsidwa?

Craniopharyngioma ndi chotupa chosowa kwambiri, koma ndichabwino. Chotupachi chimakhudza dera la chishalo ku Turkey, mkati mwa dongosolo lamanjenje (CNS), chomwe chimakhudza gland muubongo wotchedwa pituitary gland, yomwe imatulutsa mahomoni kuti agwire ntchito zosiyanasiyana za thupi, ndipo chotupacho chikamakula chitha kufikira china ziwalo za thupi ubongo ndi kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a thupi.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya craniopharyngioma, adamantinomatous, yomwe ndi yofala kwambiri ndipo imakhudza ana ambiri kuposa achikulire, ndi mtundu wa papillary, womwe umakhala wosowa kwambiri komanso nthawi zambiri mwa akulu. Zonsezi zimachokera pakulephera pakupanga maselo amubongo, ndipo zizindikilozo ndizofanana, ndimutu, kutaya kwathunthu kapena pang'ono masomphenya, mavuto amakulidwe a ana komanso kuchepa kwa mahomoni akuluakulu.

Chithandizo cha chotupachi chitha kuchitika kudzera mu maopareshoni, ma radiotherapy, brachytherapy komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Craniopharyngioma imakhala ndi resection yovuta, koma ndi chithandizo choyenera, ndizotheka kukhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso wokhala ndi ma neurological, visual and endocrine sequelae ochepa.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Ngakhale nthawi zina zizindikirazo zimawoneka mwadzidzidzi, kawirikawiri, zizindikirazo zimawoneka pang'onopang'ono. Ena mwa iwo ndi awa:

• Kuvuta kuwona;
• Mutu wopweteka kwambiri;
• Kumva kupsinjika pamutu;
• Kutaya kukumbukira ndi kulephera kuphunzira;
• Kuvuta kugona;
• Kufulumira kunenepa kwambiri;
• Matenda a shuga.

Kuphatikiza apo, craniopharyngioma imasinthira kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, omwe amatha kuyambitsa nthawi yosamba ndi kuvuta kusunga kapena kupeza erection ndipo, mwa ana, kumatha kubweretsa kuchepa kwa thupi.

Popeza craniopharyngioma ndi chotupa chosowa kwambiri ndipo chimayambitsa zizindikiro zofananira ndi matenda ena, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira, kuzipeza patadutsa nthawi zizindikilo zitayamba. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zikangowonekera, ndikofunikira kuti mukawone katswiri wamaubongo, popeza kuzindikira koyambirira kumathandizira kuchititsa chithandizo chochepa komanso kuchepetsa mavuto.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Kuzindikira kwa craniopharyngioma koyambirira kumakhala ndi kuwunika zizindikilo ndikuyesa mayeso kuti ayese masomphenya, kumva, kulimbitsa thupi, kulumikizana kwa mayendedwe amthupi, malingaliro, kukula ndi chitukuko.

Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo atha kuwonetsa momwe amayeserera magazi kuti awone kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, monga kukula kwa mahomoni (GH) ndi luteinizing hormone (LH), monga kusintha kwa mahomoni amenewa kungakhale kokhudzana ndi craniopharyngioma. Phunzirani zambiri za gawo la luteinizing mahomoni ndi malingaliro ake pamayeso.

Kuti muwone komwe kukula kwa chotupacho ndi kukula kwake, kuyesa kwa kulingalira monga maginito oyeserera ndi makompyuta akuwonetsedwanso. Ngakhale ndizosowa, nthawi zina, adotolo amalimbikitsa kuti achite kafukufuku kuti athetse mwayi wokhala khansa.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Kutengera kukula ndi malo a craniopharyngioma, neurologist ndi neurosurgeon iwonetsa mtundu wa mankhwala, omwe atha kukhala ndi:

• Opaleshoni: amachitidwa kuti achotse chotupacho, chomwe chingachitike kudzera podulidwa mu chigaza kapena kudzera pa catheter ya kanema, yomwe imayikidwa mphuno. Nthawi zina, chotupacho chimachotsedwa pang'ono chifukwa chimayandikira zigawo zina zaubongo;

• Chithandizo chamagetsi: pamene chotupacho sichichotsedwe kotheratu, radiotherapy imawonetsedwa, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina omwe amatulutsa mtundu wa mphamvu molunjika mu chotupacho ndipo motero amathandizira kupha maselo odwala;
• Brachytherapy: ndizofanana ndi radiotherapy, koma pakadali pano, adotolo amaika zinthu zotulutsa mphamvu mkati mwa chotupacho kuti ziphe maselo omwe ali ndi matenda;
• Chemotherapy: Zimapangidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amawononga maselo a craniopharyngioma;
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a mahomoni: ndi chithandizo chomwe chimathandizira kuwongolera mahomoni m'thupi;
• Chithandizo chofuna: Amakhala ndi mankhwala omwe amafika m'maselo osinthika, mawonekedwe amtundu wina wa craniopharyngioma.

Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku akuchitika, pomwe mankhwala ndi mankhwala a craniopharyngioma akuwerengedwa ndipo zipatala ndi zipatala zimaloleza anthu kuti ayese mankhwalawa.

Chithandizo chamankhwala obwezeretsa mahomoni chiyenera kuchitika m'moyo wonse, komanso, kuwunika pafupipafupi ndi endocrinologist ndikofunikira kwambiri. Nthawi zina, pangafunike kuchitidwanso opaleshoni ina, chifukwa chotupacho chimakula.

Zovuta zotheka

Craniopharyngioma, ngakhale atalandira chithandizo, imatha kubweretsa kusintha mthupi, chifukwa nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwamahomoni kumangosinthidwa, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti azitsatira chithandizo chovomerezeka ndi dokotala. Komabe, ikafika pagawo laubongo lotchedwa hypothalamus, imatha kuyambitsa kunenepa kwambiri, kuchedwa kukula, kusintha kwamakhalidwe, kusalingana kwa kutentha kwa thupi, ludzu lokwanira, kusowa tulo komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kuphatikiza apo, pamavuto owopsa, craniopharyngioma ikawonjezeka kukula, imatha kuyambitsa khungu kapena kulepheretsa zigaza za chigaza, zomwe zimadzetsa kudzikundikira kwamadzimadzi ndikupangitsa hydrocephalus. Onani zambiri za hydrocephalus.

Kodi craniopharyngioma imachiritsidwa?

Craniopharyngioma ilibe mankhwala ndipo ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo moyo wawo wonse, chifukwa cha zovuta zam'madzi, ndikupitilira kulingalira kwakanthawi ndi kuyezetsa magazi monga adalangizira adotolo, momwe chotupacho chimatha. Ngakhale zili choncho, mankhwala akupita patsogolo kwambiri, kukulolani kuti mukhale ndi moyo wautali komanso moyo wabwino.