Zonse zokhudza Hepatitis B

Zamkati

• Matenda a Hepatitis B
• Momwe matendawa amapangidwira
• Katemera wa hepatitis B
• Hepatitis B ili ndi mankhwala?
• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe muyenera kuchitira
• Njira zopewera

Hepatitis B ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kachilombo ka hepatitis B, kapena HBV, kamene kamayambitsa kusintha kwa chiwindi ndipo kumatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo zowopsa, monga malungo, nseru, kusanza, ndi maso achikaso ndi khungu. Ngati matendawa sakudziwika ndikuchiritsidwa, amatha kupita kumalo osachiritsika, omwe amatha kukhala opanda ziwalo kapena kudziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa chiwindi, kupita ku chiwindi ndi kusintha kwa ntchito.

Hepatitis B imawerengedwa kuti ndi Matenda opatsirana pogonana (STI), chifukwa kachilomboka kangapezeke m'magazi, umuna ndi kumaliseche kwa abambo, ndipo imatha kupatsirana kwa munthu wina nthawi yogonana mosadziteteza (wopanda kondomu). Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kupewa kufalikira pogwiritsa ntchito kondomu ndi katemera. Phunzirani momwe mungadzitetezere ku Hepatitis B.

Chithandizo cha matenda a chiwindi cha B chimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi gawo la matendawa, pomwe chiwindi cha chiwindi chimalimbikitsidwa kupumula, kuthirira ndi kusamalira chakudyacho, pomwe chithandizo chamatenda a chiwindi chimachitika nthawi zambiri ndimankhwala operekedwa ndi a hepatologist, infectologist kapena a clinician general.

Matenda a Hepatitis B

Vuto la hepatitis B limapezeka makamaka m'magazi, umuna, zotsekemera ndi mkaka wa m'mawere. Mwanjira iyi, kufalitsa kumatha kuchitika kudzera:

• Kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi magazi ndi zotulutsa za munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo;
• Kugonana kosaziteteza, ndiye kuti, kopanda kondomu;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakhudzana ndi magazi kapena zotsekemera monga majakisoni omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito molunjika pamtsempha, singano ndi zida zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma tatoo kapena kutema mphini, komanso zinthu zopangira kuboola;
• Kugawana zinthu zaukhondo monga malezala kapena kumeta komanso zodzikongoletsera kapena zida zapaulendo;
• Pa kubadwa kwabwino kapena kuyamwitsa, ngakhale ndizochepa.

Ngakhale imafalikira kudzera malovu, kachilombo ka B nthawi zambiri sikumafalikira kupsompsonana kapena kugawana zodulira kapena magalasi, chifukwa pamayenera kukhala bala lotseguka pakamwa.

Momwe matendawa amapangidwira

Matenda a hepatitis B amachitika poyesa magazi kuti azindikire kupezeka kwa HBV, komanso kuchuluka kwake, ndipo izi ndizofunikira kuti adotolo asonyeze chithandizo.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesa magazi kumatha kuwonetsedwa kuti iwunikenso momwe chiwindi chikugwirira ntchito, pofunsidwa mulingo wa Glutamic Oxalacetic Transaminase (TGO / AST - Aspartate aminotransferase), Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (TGP / ALT - Alanine Aminotransferase), Gamma- glutamyltransferase (gamma -GT) ndi bilirubin, mwachitsanzo. Dziwani zambiri za izi ndi mayeso ena omwe amayesa chiwindi.

Kuzindikira kupezeka kwa kachilomboka m'magazi, kupezeka kapena kupezeka kwa ma antigen (Ag) ndi ma antibodies (anti) m'magazi kumafufuzidwa, zotsatira zake zingakhale:

• HBsAg zotakasika kapena zabwino: kutenga kachilombo ka hepatitis B;
• HBeAg reagent: kubwereza kwakukulu kwa kachilombo ka hepatitis B, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka ndi chachikulu;
• Zotsutsa-Hbs reagent: kuchiritsa kapena chitetezo chokwanira kuthana ndi kachilomboka ngati munthuyo watemeredwa katemera wa hepatitis B;
• Wotsutsa-Hbc reagent: kuwonekera koyambirira kwa kachilombo ka hepatitis B.

Chiwindi cha chiwindi chimatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuthandizira pakuwunika, kuwunika kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, kuneneratu za kukula kwa matenda ndikusowa kwa chithandizo.

Katemera wa hepatitis B

Katemera wa hepatitis B ndiye njira yothandiza kwambiri yopewera matendawa, chifukwa chake, ayenera kumwa akangobadwa, mpaka maola 12 oyamba atabadwa, m'mwezi wachiwiri ndi mwezi wachisanu ndi chimodzi wamoyo wamwana, ndikupanga okwanira 3 Mlingo.

Akuluakulu omwe sanalandire katemera ali ana atha kulandira katemerayu, kuphatikiza amayi apakati pa trimester yachiwiri yapakati. Akuluakulu, katemera wa hepatitis B amaperekedwanso muyezo 3, woyamba atha kumwa ngati pakufunika kutero, wachiwiri atatha masiku 30 ndipo wachitatu atatha masiku 180 a mankhwala oyamba. Dziwani nthawi yomwe ikuwonetsedwa komanso momwe mungapezere katemera wa hepatitis B.

Chiyeso chomwe chikuwonetsa kugwira ntchito kwa katemera wa hepatitis B ndi Anti-hbs yomwe ili yabwino pamene katemerayu atha kuyambitsa chitetezo ku kachilomboka.

Hepatitis B ili ndi mankhwala?

Chiwindi cha chiwindi B chimakhala ndi chithandizo chodzidzimutsa, nthawi zambiri, chifukwa cha thupi lomwe limapanga ma antibodies kuti athetse kachilomboka. Komabe, nthawi zina, matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis B amatha kukhala osachiritsika ndipo kachilomboka kamakhalabe mthupi moyo wonse.

Matenda a hepatitis B osakhalitsa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda owopsa a chiwindi, monga chiwindi cha chiwindi, kufooka kwa chiwindi ndi khansa ya chiwindi, yomwe imatha kuwononga chiwindi, chifukwa chake, odwala ayenera kutsatira chithandizo chomwe dokotala akuwonetsa.

Komabe, ndi chithandizo chake munthuyo amatha kukhala wonyamula wathanzi, kutanthauza kuti, akhoza kukhala ndi kachilomboka mthupi, koma alibe matenda aliwonse a chiwindi, ndipo pamenepa, sayenera kumwa mankhwala. Kuphatikiza apo, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda otupa chiwindi a hepatitis B amatha kuchiritsidwa atatha zaka zingapo akuchiritsidwa.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Nthawi yokwanira ya hepatitis B ndi miyezi 2 mpaka 6, motero zizindikilo za chiwindi cha hepatitis B zitha kuwoneka patadutsa miyezi 1 kapena 3 itadetsedwa. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis B ndi awa:

• Matenda oyenda;
• Kusanza;
• Kutopa;
• Kutentha kwakukulu;
• Kusowa kwa njala;
• Kupweteka m'mimba;
• Ululu m'mfundo ndi minofu.

Zizindikiro monga mtundu wachikaso pakhungu ndi m'maso, mkodzo wakuda ndi malo opepuka zimatanthauza kuti matendawa akukula ndipo chiwindi chimawonongeka. Matenda a hepatitis B osachiritsika, odwala ambiri sawonetsa zizindikiro zilizonse, koma kachilomboka kamakhalabe mthupi ndipo kakhoza kupatsirana chimodzimodzi.

Momwe muyenera kuchitira

Chithandizo cha chiwindi cha pachimake B chimaphatikizapo kupumula, zakudya, hydration komanso zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Ngati ndi kotheka, munthuyo amatha kumwa mankhwala kuti athetse matenda monga malungo, minofu ndi mutu, nseru ndi kusanza.

Chithandizo cha matenda otupa chiwindi a B, kuphatikiza pa kusamwa mowa komanso zakudya zamafuta ochepa, zimaphatikizira mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya ma virus komanso opatsirana pogonana monga Interferon ndi Lamivudine kupewa kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi komwe sikungasinthidwe, komwe kuyenera kutengedwa kwa moyo wonse.

Komabe, zikatsimikiziridwa ndi kuyezetsa magazi kuti munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda otupa chiwindi a mtundu wa B alibe matenda a chiwindi, safunikiranso kumwa mankhwala enanso, ndichifukwa chake anthu omwe ali ndi matenda otupa chiwindi a B amayenera kuyesedwa magazi pafupipafupi. Dziwani zambiri zamankhwala a hepatitis B.

Onerani vidiyo yotsatirayi momwe mungadye ngati matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis B apewe zovuta zina m'chiwindi:

Njira zopewera

Kupewa matenda a chiwindi a B kumatha kuchitika kudzera mu katemera wa katemera wachitatu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu pazochitika zonse zakugonana. Kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu ndikofunikira chifukwa pali ma virus osiyanasiyana a hepatitis ndipo wodwala yemwe adalandira katemera wa hepatitis B atha kutenga hepatitis C.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuti musagawe zinthu zaumwini, monga mswachi, lumo kapena lumo lometa, ndi zida zamankhwala kapena pedicure, komanso ma syringe kapena zida zina zakuthwa. Ngati munthuyo akufuna kulemba mphini, kuboola kapena kutema mphini, onetsetsani kuti zipangizo zonse ndi zotsekedwa bwino.