Kodi Dysphagia ndi chiyani, zizindikiritso zake ndi momwe amathandizira

Zamkati

• Mitundu ya dysphagia ndi zizindikiro
• 1. Oropharyngeal dysphagia
• 2. Matenda otupa magazi m'mimba
• Zomwe zingayambitse
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Dysphagia itha kufotokozedwa ngati vuto lakumeza, lomwe limadziwika kuti oropharyngeal dysphagia, kapena kutengeka kokhala ndi chakudya chotsekedwa pakati pakamwa ndi m'mimba, chomwe chimadziwika kuti esophageal dysphagia.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa mtundu wa dysphagia womwe ulipo, kuti muchite chithandizo choyenera kwambiri, ndipo, nthawi zina, mitundu yonse ya dysphagia imatha kuwonekera nthawi imodzi.

Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo chimakhala ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuphunzira kumeza, kupereka mankhwala ndipo, nthawi zina, kuchita opaleshoni.

Mitundu ya dysphagia ndi zizindikiro

Zizindikiro zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa dysphagia:

1. Oropharyngeal dysphagia

Amatchedwanso kuti high dysphagia chifukwa cha komwe amapezeka, oropharyngeal dysphagia amadziwika ndivuto loyambira kumeza, ndi zizindikilo monga kuvuta kumeza, kupumitsa m'mphuno, kutsokomola kapena kuchepa kwa chifuwa, kulankhula kwammphuno, kutsamwa komanso kununkhiza.

Nthawi zovuta kwambiri, pamakhala chiopsezo chotaya madzi m'thupi, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso kulakalaka malovu, kutulutsa ndi / kapena chakudya m'mapapo.

2. Matenda otupa magazi m'mimba

Esophageal dysphagia, yotchedwanso dysphagia yocheperako, imapezeka mu distop esophagus ndipo imadziwika ndikumverera kwa chakudya chomwe chatsekedwa. Dysphagia yomwe imachitika ndikulowetsedwa kwa zolimba ndi zakumwa kumalumikizidwa ndi zovuta zam'mimba zam'mimba, komanso zimatha kuphatikizana ndi kupweteka pachifuwa. Dysphagia yomwe imapezeka kokha pazolimba, itha kukhala chizindikiro cha kutsekeka kwamakina.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Oropharyngeal dysphagia imatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kupwetekedwa mtima, kuvulala kwam'mutu, matenda osachiritsika monga Parkinson ndi Alzheimer, matenda amitsempha, monga amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, myasthenia, multiple sclerosis, zotupa zamaubongo ndi kupunduka kwa ubongo, zibowo zam'kamwa ndi zotupa zapakhosi, mankhwala, kutulutsa kwa orotracheal kwa nthawi yayitali, tracheostomy ndi radiotherapy, mwachitsanzo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana kwambiri ndi matenda am'matumbo, omwe amachepetsa kuwala kwa m'mimba chifukwa cha kutupa, fibrosis kapena neoplasia, matenda am'mimba, kutsekereza kwam'mero ​​ndi matenda amitsempha omwe amakhudza mitsempha yosalala komanso kusungika kwake, kusokoneza peristalsis ndi / kapena kumasuka kwa esophageal sphincter.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha oropharyngeal dysphagia chimakhala chochepa, chifukwa vuto la neuromuscular and neurological lomwe limatulutsa, silingathe kuwongoleredwa ndi chithandizo chamankhwala kapena opaleshoni. Nthawi zambiri, kusintha kwa zakudya kumaperekedwa, ndi zakudya zofewa, madzi akumwa, m'malo omwe amathandizira kumeza. Njira zochiritsira zitha kuthandizidwanso kuti zithandizire kumeza, monga zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi komanso zotenthetsa thupi.

Nthawi zina, kuperekera chubu nasogastric kungakhale kofunikira.

Chithandizo cha matenda opatsirana m'mimba chimadalira pazomwe zimayambitsa, koma zitha kuchitika ndikumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a asidi, mwa anthu omwe ali ndi Reflux ya gastroesophageal, okhala ndi corticosteroids akakhala ndi eosinophilic esophagitis ndi zotsekemera zaminyewa, mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zotupa zam'mero. Onani kuti ndi mankhwala ati omwe akuwonetsedwa pochiza Reflux.

Kuphatikiza apo, chithandizo chitha kuchitidwanso ndi njira zamankhwala zomwe zimathandizira kukokoloka kwa kholingo kapena ndi opareshoni, ngati zingalepheretsedwe ndi zotupa kapena diverticula, mwachitsanzo.