Matenda akulu-akulu 8: Zizindikiro, chithandizo ndi kupewa

Zamkati

• 1. HIV
• 2. Chizonono
• 3. Chlamydia
• 4. Chindoko
• 5. Venereal lymphogranuloma
• 6. HPV
• 7. Chiwindi B
• 8. Zilonda zamaliseche
• Momwe mungapewere matenda opatsirana pogonana

Matenda opatsirana pogonana, omwe pano amadziwika kuti matenda opatsirana pogonana, kapena matenda opatsirana pogonana, ndi matenda opatsirana kudzera mukugonana kosaziteteza, komwe kumatha kukhala kwamkamwa, kumaliseche kapena kumatako. Ngakhale ngati palibe zizindikiro zowonekera za matendawa, kutumizirana kwa ogonana ndi kotheka.

Matenda amtunduwu ayenera kudziwika, makamaka, kumayambiriro, chifukwa ndizotheka kuti mankhwalawa ayamba posachedwa ndikuwonjezera mwayi woti achiritsidwe. Ndikofunikanso kuti mankhwalawa achitike ndi banjali, chifukwa ngakhale ngati palibe zisonyezo za matendawa, pakhoza kukhala kufalikira kwatsopano ndi matenda.

Pali matenda angapo opatsirana pogonana omwe amatha kupatsirana pogonana, yayikulu ndi iyi:

1. HIV

Kachirombo ka HIV ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe amapatsirana mosavuta kudzera mu kugonana kosaziteteza, koma kachilomboka kangathenso kupatsilidwa kudzera mwa kukhudzana ndi magazi a munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka kapena kudzera m'magawano ndi masingano momwe mmodzi mwa anthuwo ndi amene amanyamula kachilombo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Zizindikiro za kachirombo ka HIV ndizovuta kuzizindikira, chifukwa zimatha kufanana ndi chimfine koyambilira kwa matendawa. Zina mwazizindikiro zomwe zimawoneka patatha milungu iwiri mutakumana ndi kachilomboko ndi kupweteka mutu, kutentha thupi, thukuta usiku, ma lymph node otupa, zilonda mkamwa ndi zilonda mkamwa, kutopa kwambiri ndi zilonda zapakhosi, mwachitsanzo. Komabe, mwa anthu ena matendawa amatha kukhala chete kwa zaka zopitilira 10.

Kodi chithandizo: Chithandizo cha kachilombo ka HIV chimachitika ndikuphatikiza kwa mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilombo ka HIV omwe amagwira ntchito pochepetsa kuchepa kwa kachilomboka, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma chitetezo mthupi ndikuchepetsa matendawa. Ndikofunika kuti mankhwala azichitira mogwirizana ndi malangizo a dokotala ndikugwiritsa ntchito kondomu nthawi zonse kupewa kupewa kufalitsa kachilomboka. Onani momwe angapewere mankhwala a HIV.

2. Chizonono

Gonorrhea ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bakiteriya Neisseria gonorrhoeae zomwe zingafalitsidwe pogonana ndipo zitha kumenyedwa mosavuta kudzera kuchipatala chomwe awonetsa adotolo. Komabe, ngati matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya omwe sagonjetsedwa, omwe amadziwika kuti supergonorrhea, chithandizo chitha kukhala chovuta kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Zizindikiro za chinzonono nthawi zambiri zimawoneka pakadutsa masiku 10 mutakhudzana ndi mabakiteriya, zomwe zimakhala zopweteka komanso zotentha mukakodza komanso kusapeza m'mimba. Amuna omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amathanso kukhala ndi machende owola, khungu lotupa la mbolo, komanso madzi amtundu wachikasu amatuluka mbolo, pomwe azimayi amatha kutuluka magazi pakati pa msambo komanso atagonana komanso kutulutsa kofananira kofananako.

Kodi chithandizo: Chithandizo cha chinzonono chiyenera kuchitidwa ndi banjali, chifukwa ngakhale ngati palibe zisonyezo, pali chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo. Kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki, monga Azithromycin kapena Ceftriaxone, nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa kuti athetse mabakiteriya, ndipo ndikofunikira kuti chithandizocho chichitike molingana ndi malangizo a adotolo, ngakhale kulibenso zizindikiro zina, kuti awonetsetse kuti mabakiteriya wachotsedwadi.

Ngakhale kuti chinzonono chili ndi mankhwala, munthuyo samakhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi, kutanthauza kuti, atha kudwalanso ngati atakumana ndi mabakiteriya. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti kondomu igwiritsidwe ntchito pamagonana onse.

Mvetsetsani momwe chizonono chimathandizidwira.

3. Chlamydia

Chlamydia ndi amodzi mwa matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe amabwera chifukwa cha bakiteriya Chlamydia trachomatis, yomwe imatha kupatsira abambo ndi amai nthawi yogonana mosamwa, kumatako ndi kumaliseche. Kwa amuna, matendawa amapezeka pafupipafupi mu urethra, rectum kapena pakhosi, pomwe mwa amayi matenda amtundu wa chiberekero ndi rectum amapezeka pafupipafupi.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Zizindikiro za Chlamydia zitha kuwoneka mpaka masabata atatu mutakhudzana ndi mabakiteriya, koma ngakhale palibe zizindikilo, munthuyo amatha kupatsira mabakiteriya. Zizindikiro zazikulu zokhudzana ndi matendawa ndikumva kupweteka komanso kuwotcha mukakodza, kupweteka kapena kutuluka magazi panthawi yogonana, kupweteka m'chiuno, kutuluka kwa mafinya ngati kumaliseche kwa amayi, ndi kutupa kwa machende ndi kutupa kwa mtsempha za amuna. Onani momwe mungadziwire chlamydia.

Kodi chithandizo: Mankhwala a Chlamydia akuyenera kuchitidwa ndi banjali, ngakhale mnzakeyo sakuwonetsa zisonyezo, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki kumalimbikitsidwa kuthana ndi mabakiteriya, kuteteza kufala. Ngakhale mankhwalawa amatha kuchiza matendawa, munthuyo samakhala ndi chitetezo cham'magazi, chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu kuti matenda asadzabwererenso.

4. Chindoko

Chindoko, chotchedwanso khansa yolimba, chimayambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya Treponema pallidum yomwe imafalikira kudzera mu chiwerewere mosaziteteza ndipo nthawi zambiri sichizindikirika, pokhapokha matendawa atayamba kale kupita patsogolo, chindoko. Izi ndichifukwa choti zizindikilo nthawi zambiri zimasokonezedwa ndi zamatenda ena ndipo zimasowa pakapita nthawi.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Chizindikiro choyamba cha chindoko ndi mawonekedwe a bala lomwe silipweteka, kuyabwa kapena kuyambitsa mavuto m'dera loberekera ndipo limazimiririka palokha popanda chithandizo. Patatha milungu ingapo bala ili, zilonda zina zimawoneka ngati sizikudziwika ndikuchiritsidwa, monga mawanga ofiira pakhungu, pakamwa, mitengo ya kanjedza ndi zidendene, kupweteka kwa minofu, pakhosi, kuwonda komanso kusowa kwa njala, mwachitsanzo , zomwe zimatha kutha pakapita nthawi. Komabe, kupezeka kwa zizindikilo sikukutanthauza kuti mabakiteriya achotsedwa mthupi ndipo matendawa amachiritsidwa, ndikofunikira kuti munthuyo apite kwa dokotala kuti akapeze matenda ndikuyamba chithandizo choyenera. Onani zambiri zamatenda a chindoko.

Kodi chithandizo: Chindoko chiyenera kuthandizidwa ndi banjali pogwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki, monga benzathine penicillin, yotchedwa benzetacil, yomwe imagwira ntchito pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa bakiteriya ndikulimbikitsa kuthetsedwa. Kutalika kwa chithandizo kumatengera gawo la matenda komanso kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya omwe amapezeka mthupi, ndipo amatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa munthu ndi munthu. Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale zitatsimikiziridwa kudzera pamayeso kuti kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya mthupi sikuwoneka, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu, popeza munthuyo sateteza chitetezo.

Dziwani zambiri za chindoko powonera vidiyo iyi:

5. Venereal lymphogranuloma

Venereal lymphogranuloma, yemwenso amadziwika kuti LGV kapena nyulu, ndi matenda omwe amayambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya Chlamydia trachomatis zomwe zimafalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa mnzake kudzera muubwenzi wosaziteteza, kumakhala pafupipafupi mwa amuna. Kuzindikira kwa LGV kumachitika pofufuza zizindikilo zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi munthuyo komanso zotsatira zamayeso owonjezera a labotale.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Ku LGV bakiteriya amafika kumaliseche ndi ma lymph node omwe amapezeka m'mabowomo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zilonda zotupa komanso zamadzimadzi m'dera lakuberekera. Kuphatikiza pa mabala, malungo, malaise, kupweteka mutu, kutupa m'matumbo ndi kutupa m'mimba kumathanso kudziwika.

Kodi chithandizo: Chithandizo cha venereal lymphogranuloma chimachitika ndi maantibayotiki omwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi zomwe akuwonetsa azachipatala. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kulabadira zaukhondo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu pazochitika zonse zogonana.

6. HPV

HPV, yotchedwanso condyloma acuminata, ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe amayambitsidwa ndi Human Papillomavirus, omwe ndi opatsirana kwambiri ndipo amatha kupatsirana pogonana mosadziteteza kudzera pakukumana ndi zotupa kapena zotulutsa kuchokera kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Matendawa amakhala ndi kusintha kwakanthawi ndipo, nthawi zina, ngati sakudziwika ndikuchiritsidwa, amatha kupita ku khansa ya pachibelekero mwa amayi.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda a HPV ndi mawonekedwe a njerewere kumaliseche, komwe, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo, amadziwika kuti tambala. Zilondazi zikhoza kukhala zazikulu kapena zazing'ono, zofiira khungu, pinki kapena zofiirira ndipo zimatha kuwonekera limodzi ndi zizindikilo zina monga kuyabwa komanso kusapeza bwino kumaliseche ndi kutuluka magazi panthawi yogonana, komabe zizindikirazo sizichitika kawirikawiri.

Kodi chithandizo: Chithandizo cha HPV cholinga chake ndi kuthetsa zizolowezi ndikuchiza ovulala, popeza mankhwala omwe adalipo kale sangathe kuthana ndi kachilomboka. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti ngakhale zilondazo zitatayika, kondomu imagwiritsidwa ntchito, popeza munthuyo amatha kunyamula kachilomboka ndikupatsira wina. Kawirikawiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ophera antimycotic ndi anti-wart, monga Podofilox, kapena Imiquimod, ndi mankhwala omwe amathandiza kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, komanso cauterization kuti athetse njerewere, amawonetsedwa ndi dokotala.

njira zothandizira chitetezo cha mthupi, kuphatikiza pakuchita cauterization kuti zithetse njerewere.

HPV imachiritsidwa pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chimatsuka kachilomboka mwachilengedwe, popanda zizindikilo kapena matenda. Mvetsetsani pamene HPV imachiritsidwa.

7. Chiwindi B

Hepatitis B imayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka hepatitis B ndipo imafalikira kudzera mukugonana kosaziteteza, chifukwa kachilomboka kangapezeke m'magazi, umuna ndi ukazi, ndipo kumafalikira mosavuta panthawi yogonana.

Komabe, kutenga kachirombo ka hepatitis B kumatha kuchitika m'njira zina, monga kukhudzana ndi magazi kapena zotulutsa za munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka, kugawana zinthu zanu monga lumo, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakhudzana ndi magazi kapena zotulutsa , monga ma syringe ndi singano zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobayira mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena polemba mphini. Dziwani zambiri za hepatitis B.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Zizindikiro za matenda otupa chiwindi a B nthawi zambiri zimawoneka pakadutsa miyezi 1 kapena 3 mutadwala kachilomboka kuti ziyambe kuonekera ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhudzana ndi kusintha kwa chiwindi, chifukwa kachilomboka kamakonzekera chiwalo ichi. Chifukwa chake, kunyansidwa, kusanza, malungo, maso achikaso ndi khungu, kupweteka m'mimba, mkodzo wakuda ndi malo opepuka amatha kuzindikirika.

Komabe, anthu ena sangasonyeze zizindikilo za matendawa, akungopezeka pongoyesa magazi okha ngati ali ndi hepatitis B.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira: Chithandizo cha matenda a chiwindi a B chimachitika malingana ndi gawo la matendawa, nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa kupumula ndi kutenthetsa madzi, chifukwa kachilomboka kangathetsedwe ndi thupi. Komabe, zikavuta kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena ochepetsa mphamvu ya ma virus komanso ma immunomodulatory, monga Interferon ndi Lamivudine, kungalimbikitsidwe.

Hepatitis B ndi matenda omwe amatha kupewedwa kudzera mu katemera, momwe mankhwala oyamba amaperekedwa m'maola 12 oyamba amoyo wa mwana komanso m'mwezi wotsatira wa 1 komanso mwezi wachisanu ndi chimodzi, okwana 3. Komabe, ngakhale mankhwala onse atapatsidwa, nkofunika kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu kuti matenda ena opatsirana pogonana atetezedwe. Onani zambiri za katemera wa hepatitis B.

8. Zilonda zamaliseche

Matenda a maliseche amayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka herpes kamene kamafalitsidwira kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu kudzera mukugonana kosaziteteza ikakumana ndi madzi omwe amatuluka m'matuza omwe amapangidwa kumaliseche chifukwa chakupezeka kwa kachilomboka.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Chizindikiro chachikulu cha nsungu zakumaliseche ndikuwonekera kwa matuza kumaliseche, pafupifupi masiku 10 mpaka 15 mutakumana ndi kachilomboka, komwe kumatha kuyambitsa moto, kupweteka komanso kusapeza bwino m'derali. Matuzawa nthawi zambiri amaphulika ndipo amatulutsa zilonda zazing'ono pamalopo. Kupezeka kwa mabala pamalowo kungapangitse kuti tizilombo tina timalowa m'thupi, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ena. Phunzirani momwe mungazindikire zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana pogonana.

Kodi chithandizo: Chithandizo cha nsungu kumaliseche chimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilombo, monga Acyclovir ndi Valacyclovir, omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mafuta kapena mapiritsi, omwe amagwira ntchito pochepetsa kuchepa kwa kachiromboka komanso chiopsezo chotengera anthu ena. Kuphatikiza apo, monga matuza amatha kupweteka komanso kusapeza bwino, adokotala amathanso kunena za kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta odzola.

Momwe mungapewere matenda opatsirana pogonana

Njira yayikulu yopewera matenda opatsirana pogonana ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu munthawi zonse zogonana, ngakhale kulibe malowedwe, chifukwa ngati m'modzi mwa anthuwo ali ndi kachilomboka, kungolumikizana ndi mucosa kapena zilondazo ndi zokwanira kufalitsa matendawa. wothandizira opatsirana.

Kuphatikiza pa kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu, njira imodzi yopewera HPV ndi katemera, omwe SUS imapatsa atsikana azaka zapakati pa 9 mpaka 14 azaka zapakati pa 11 ndi 14. Palinso katemera wolimbana ndi matenda a chiwindi a B, omwe amaperekedwa m'mitundu itatu. Komabe, ngakhale kuti katemera aliyense waperekedwa, ndikofunika kuti makondomu apitilize kugwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa amateteza chitetezo ku matenda ena opatsirana pogonana.

Phunzirani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito kondomu moyenera ndikufotokozera kukayika kwakukulu pakuwonera vidiyo iyi: