Matenda 7 amafalitsidwa ndi nthaka yonyansa ndi zoyenera kuchita

Zamkati

• 1. Anthu otuluka m'nthaka
• 2. Hookworm
• 3. Ascariasis
• 4. Tetanasi
• 5. Tungiasis
• 6. Sporotrichosis
• 7. Paracoccidioidomycosis
• Momwe mungapewere matenda obwera chifukwa cha nthaka

Matenda omwe amafalitsidwa ndi nthaka yonyansa amayamba chifukwa cha tiziromboti, monga matenda a hookworm, ascariasis ndi ma larva osamuka, mwachitsanzo, amathanso kukhala okhudzana ndi mabakiteriya ndi bowa omwe amatha kukhala m'nthaka kwa nthawi yayitali ndikupangitsa matenda makamaka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chovuta.

Matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha nthaka yoyipa amapezeka kwambiri mwa ana, popeza amakhala ndi khungu locheperako komanso chitetezo chofooka, komabe chimatha kuchitika kwa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, osadya zakudya zokwanira kapena omwe amanyamula kachilomboka.

Ena mwa matenda akulu opatsirana ndi nthaka yonyansa alembedwa pansipa:

1. Anthu otuluka m'nthaka

Mphutsi zocheperako zosuntha, zotchedwanso kachilomboka, zimayambitsidwa ndi tiziromboti Ancylostoma braziliensis, yomwe imapezeka m'nthaka ndikulowa pakhungu, kudzera pazilonda zazing'ono, ndikupangitsa chotupa chofiira pakhomo lolowera. Popeza kuti tiziromboti sitingathe kufika pakatikati pakhungu, kusuntha kwake kwamasiku ambiri kumatha kuzindikira pakhungu.

Zoyenera kuchita: Mankhwala ochiritsira mphutsi zotsekemera amachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a antiparasitic, monga Tiabendazole, Albendazole kapena Mebendazole, omwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga adalangizira adotolo. Kawirikawiri zizindikiro za cutaneous larva migrans zimachepa patatha masiku atatu chithandizo chitayambika, komabe ndikofunikira kutsatira chithandizo kuti zitsimikizire kutha kwa tiziromboti. Onani momwe mungadziwire ndikuchiza kachilomboka.

2. Hookworm

Hookworm, yemwenso amadziwika kuti hookworm kapena chikasu, ndi verminosis yoyambitsidwa ndi tiziromboti Ancylostoma duodenale ndipo Necator americanus, omwe mphutsi zake zimatha kukhala ndikukula m'nthaka, mpaka zimalowera pakhungu la anthu omwe amakumana, makamaka akamayenda opanda nsapato.

Atadutsa pakhungu la wolandirayo, tizilomboto timakafika pachimake kapena magazi mpaka kukafika pamapapu, ndikutheka mpaka pakamwa kenako ndikumeza limodzi ndi zotulutsa, kenako ndikufika m'matumbo momwe amakhala nyongolotsi yayikulu.

Nyongolotsi yayikulu imamangiriridwa kukhoma lamatumbo ndipo imadyetsa zinyalala za chakudya cha munthuyo komanso magazi, kupangitsa kuchepa kwa magazi ndikusiya munthuyo akuwoneka wotuwa komanso wofooka chifukwa chakutaya magazi. Phunzirani kuzindikira zizindikiro zachikasu ndikumvetsetsa momwe zimakhalira.

Zoyenera kuchita: Chithandizo choyambirira cha hookworm ndicholinga chothandizira kuthana ndi vuto, makamaka kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, ndipo chitsulo chowonjezera chimalimbikitsidwa. Kenako, amalandira chithandizo kuti athetse tizilomboto, momwe kugwiritsa ntchito Albendazole kapena Mebendazole kumawonetsedwa malinga ndi zomwe adokotala ananena.

3. Ascariasis

Ascariasis, yemwe amadziwika kuti nyongolotsi, ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amabwera chifukwa cha tiziromboti Ascaris lumbricoides, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonekera kwa matumbo m'mimba, monga kupweteka m'mimba, colic, zovuta kuthawa komanso kusowa chilakolako.

Njira yodziwika kwambiri yofalitsira ascariasis ndi kudzera pakumwa madzi kapena chakudya chodetsedwa, koma chimakhalabe m'nthaka mpaka chimakhala chopatsirana, chimatha kukhudza ana omwe amasewera m'nthaka ndi kutenga zonyansa kapena zidole zodetsedwa ndi mazira. Ascaris pakamwa.

Mazira a Ascaris lumbricoides ndi olimba ndipo amatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka zambiri pansi, chifukwa chake kuti mupewe matendawa ndikofunikira kuti nthawi zonse muzitsuka chakudya, kumwa madzi osefa komanso kupewa kubweretsa dzanja lanu kapena zinthu zonyansa pakamwa panu.

Zoyenera kuchita: Ngati matenda akuganiziridwa ndi Ascaris lumbricoides, tikulimbikitsidwa kupita kwa dokotala kuti akayezetse ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo, chomwe chimachitika ndi Albendazole kapena Mebendazole.

4. Tetanasi

Tetanus ndi matenda omwe amatha kupatsirana ndi nthaka ndikuyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya Clostridium tetani, yomwe imalowa m'thupi kudzera m'mabala, mabala kapena kutentha kwa khungu ndikumatulutsa poizoni. Poizoni wa bakiteriya uyu amachititsa kuti minofu igwedezeke, yomwe imatha kubweretsa mgwirizano wolimba komanso kuuma kwa minofu, zomwe zimawopseza moyo.

O Clostridium tetani amakhala padziko lapansi, fumbi kapena chimbudzi cha anthu kapena nyama, kuphatikiza pazitsulo zopota, monga misomali kapena mipanda yazitsulo zitha kukhalanso ndi bakiteriya uyu.

Zoyenera kuchita: Katemera ndi njira yokhayo yothandiza kupewa matendawa, komabe, kusamalira mabala kumathandizanso, monga kuyeretsa bwino chotupacho, kuteteza kupezeka kwa mabakiteriya omwe amabwera m'misempha yowonongeka.

5. Tungiasis

Tungiasis ndi kachilombo kamene kamadziwika ndi kachilombo, kamene kamatchedwanso kachilombo ka mchenga kapena nkhumba, kamene kamayambitsidwa ndi akazi apakati a mtundu wa utitiri, wotchedwa Tunga akalowa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala mumadothi omwe mumakhala nthaka kapena mchenga.

Zimawoneka ngati chotupa chimodzi kapena zingapo, ngati zotupa zazing'ono, zofiirira, zomwe zimayambitsa kuyabwa kwambiri ndipo, ngati zotupa, zimatha kupweteketsa komanso kufiira m'deralo. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhudza anthu omwe amayenda opanda nsapato, chifukwa chake njira yayikulu yopewera ndikusankha nsapato zoyenda, makamaka panthaka yamchenga. Onani zambiri zamomwe mungazindikire, kupewa ndi kuchiza kachilomboka.

Zoyenera kuchita: Mankhwalawa amachitika ndikuchotsa tiziromboti kuchipatala ndi zinthu zopanda kanthu ndipo, nthawi zina, ma vermifuge, monga Tiabendazole ndi Ivermectin, atha kuwonetsedwa.

6. Sporotrichosis

Sporotrichosis ndi matenda omwe amayamba ndi fungus Sporothrix schenckii, yomwe imakhala m'chilengedwe ndipo imapezeka m'malo monga nthaka, zomera, udzu, minga kapena nkhuni. Amadziwikanso kuti "matenda a dimba", chifukwa zimakonda kukhudza akatswiriwa, komanso alimi ndi ena ogwira ntchito omwe amakumana ndi zomera ndi nthaka.

Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhudza khungu komanso khungu locheperako, pomwe pamatuluka zotupa pakhungu, zomwe zimatha kukula ndikupanga zilonda. Komabe, nthawi zina, bowa amatha kufalikira mbali zina za thupi, makamaka ngati chitetezo chazovuta, chikafika m'mafupa, mafupa, mapapo kapena dongosolo lamanjenje.

Zoyenera kuchita: Pankhani ya sporotrichosis, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a antifungal, monga Itraconazole, mwachitsanzo, kwa miyezi 3 mpaka 6 malinga ndi zomwe adokotala ananena. Ndikofunika kuti chithandizocho chisasokonezedwe popanda kuvomerezedwa, ngakhale zitakhala kuti palibenso zizindikiro zina, chifukwa apo ayi zimatha kuyambitsa njira zolimbana ndi bowa ndipo, motero, zimapangitsa kuti chithandizo cha matendawa chikhale chovuta kwambiri.

7. Paracoccidioidomycosis

Paracoccidioidomycosis ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amabwera chifukwa chokometsera fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, yomwe imakhala m'nthaka ndi m'minda, motero imafala kwambiri kwa alimi ndi oyang'anira madera akumidzi.

Paracoccidioidomycosis imatha kukhudza ziwalo zingapo za thupi, ndipo nthawi zambiri imayambitsa zizindikilo monga malungo, kuonda, kufooka, zotupa pakhungu ndi mucosal, kupuma pang'ono kapena ma lymph node owonjezera m'thupi lonse.

Zoyenera kuchita: Chithandizo cha paracoccidioidomycosis chitha kuchitidwa kunyumba pogwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi oyeserera omwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga adalangizira adotolo, komanso Itraconazole, Fluconazole kapena Voriconazole, mwina, akhoza kulimbikitsidwa. Kuphatikizanso apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipewe kusuta fodya komanso kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa mukamalandira chithandizo.

Momwe mungapewere matenda obwera chifukwa cha nthaka

Pofuna kupewa matenda obwera chifukwa cha nthaka, ndikofunikira kuti musayende osavala nsapato, pewani kumwa zakudya ndi madzi omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kulabadira kusamba m'manja, makamaka ana, omwe amatha kuyika manja awo akuda mkamwa kapena m'maso, motero, amakonda chitukuko cha matenda. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusamba m'manja musanapite komanso mukapita kubafa komanso kulumikizana ndi nyama.