Kodi scotoma ndi chiyani chimayambitsa

Zamkati

• Zomwe zingayambitse
• Mitundu ya scotoma
• Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Scotoma imadziwika ndi kutayika kwathunthu kapena pang'ono kwa mphamvu yamasomphenya m'chigawo chowoneka, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimazunguliridwa ndi dera lomwe masomphenyawo amasungidwa.

Anthu onse ali ndi scotoma m'munda wawo wamasomphenya, womwe umatchedwa malo akhungu ndipo suuzindikira mwadzidzidzi ndi munthuyo, kapena kuwuwona ngati wodwala.

Matenda a scotoma amatha kutenga gawo lililonse lazowoneka ndipo amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, ndipo nthawi zina amatha kuyambitsa masomphenya ambiri. Komabe, ngati ma scotomes amapezeka m'malo ozungulira, mwina sangadziwike.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a scotoma zimatha kukhala zotupa mu diso ndi mitsempha yamawonedwe, matenda amadzimadzi, kuperewera kwa zakudya, multiple sclerosis, glaucoma, kusintha kwa mitsempha ya optic, kusintha kwa kotekisi yowoneka, kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kukhudzana ndi zinthu zowopsa.

Nthawi zina, mawonekedwe a scotomas ali ndi pakati amatha kukhala chizindikiro cha pre-eclampsia. Pezani zomwe preeclampsia ndi momwe mungazindikire.

Mitundu ya scotoma

Pali mitundu ingapo ya scotoma, yambiri yomwe imakhala yokhazikika. Komabe, mtundu womwe umalumikizidwa ndi migraine ndi wakanthawi ndipo umangotenga ola limodzi lokha ndipo nthawi zambiri umakhala gawo la aura wa mutu.

Mitundu yofala kwambiri ya scotoma ndi iyi:

• Scintillating scotoma, zomwe zimachitika migraine isanayambike, koma zomwe zimatha kuchitika zokha. Scotoma imeneyi imawoneka ngati kuwala konyezimira kofanana ndi kanyumba kameneka kamene kamafika m'dera lapakatikati la zithunzi;
• Central scotoma, yomwe imawerengedwa kuti ndi yovuta kwambiri ndipo imadziwika ndi malo amdima pakatikati pamunda wowonera. Mawonekedwe otsalirawa amakhalabe abwinobwino, ndikupangitsa kuti munthu azingoganizira kwambiri za izi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku zikhale zovuta kwambiri;
• Zotumphukira scotoma, momwe chigamba chamdima chimapezeka m'mbali mwa masomphenya, chomwe ngakhale chitha kusokoneza pang'ono masomphenya, sizovuta kuthana ndi scotoma yapakati;
• Hemianopic scotoma, momwe theka lachiwonetsero limakhudzidwa ndi malo amdima, omwe amatha kuchitika mbali zonse ziwiri ndipo akhoza kukhudza diso limodzi kapena onse;
• Paracentral scotoma, momwe malo amdima amapezeka pafupi, koma osati pakatikati pakuwonera;
• Mgwirizano Scotoma, womwe ndi mtundu wa scotoma womwe umawonekera m'maso onse ndipo umayambitsidwa ndi chotupa kapena kukula kwaubongo, kukhala wosowa kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti

Nthawi zambiri, anthu omwe ali ndi scotoma, amakhala ndi malo owonera, omwe amatha kukhala amdima, owala kwambiri, amitambo kapena owala. Kuphatikiza apo, ena mwa iwo atha kukhala ndi zovuta m'masomphenya, zovuta kusiyanitsa mitundu ina kapena amafunikira kukhala ndi kuwala kochulukirapo, kuti awone bwino.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha scotoma chimadalira pazomwe zimayambitsa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti ophthalmologist apange matenda kuti athe kuchiza matenda omwe akuyambitsa vutoli.