Schizophrenia yaubwana: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zaubwana
• Mitundu ya schizophrenia
• Momwe matendawa amapangidwira
• Chithandizo chake ndi chiyani

Schizophrenia ndi matenda amisala omwe amadziwika ndi kupotoza kwamaganizidwe ndi kuzindikira, komwe nthawi zambiri kumatanthauzira kukhala malingaliro abodza, kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo, zokambirana komanso kusintha machitidwe. Popeza kuyerekezera zinthu zabodza kapena kuyerekezera ana nthawi zambiri kumakhala kocheperako poyerekeza ndi kwa achikulire, monga kuwona anthu, wina ayenera kuyesera kumvetsetsa ngati ali kuyerekezera kapena masewera chabe.

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka pakati pa 10 ndi 45 wazaka, osowa kwambiri muubwana. Ngakhale pali malipoti ena aza matendawa osakwanitsa zaka 5, milanduyi ndiyosowa kwambiri, ndipo zizindikirazo zimawonekera kwambiri paunyamata.

Schizophrenia nthawi zambiri imayamba msanga matenda asanakwane, pomwe zizindikilo zoyipa za matendawa zimayamba, monga kudzipatula pagulu, machitidwe osokoneza, kuwonongeka kwa ukhondo wamunthu, kupsa mtima kapena kusowa chidwi pasukulu kapena pantchito, mwachitsanzo. Matendawa akawonekera asanakwanitse zaka 12, amalumikizidwa kwambiri ndimavuto amachitidwe ndipo matendawa amakula. Izi ndichifukwa choti atha kutaya ntchito wamba ndikukhala ndi mavuto am'maganizo, luntha komanso chilankhulo.

Zizindikiro zaubwana

Schizophrenia ikachitika asanakwanitse zaka 12, mwanayo amayamba kuwonetsa zovuta zamakhalidwe. Nthawi zambiri, zimawonetsa kukana kuti azolowere kukhala pagulu, amadzipatula, amakhala ndi machitidwe achilendo ndipo, nthawi zina, kuchedwa kwa chitukuko cha neuropsychomotor kumawonekeranso. Kuphatikiza pa kuchepa kwa chidziwitso, palinso kuchepa kwa chidwi ndikuphunzira ndikuchotsa.

Pamene mwana akukula ndikulowa msinkhu, zizindikiro zina za matendawa zikhoza kuoneka, zomwe zimagawidwa kukhala zabwino komanso zoipa. Zizindikiro zowoneka bwino ndizomwe zimawoneka pompopompo pakutha kwa matendawa ndipo zizindikilo zoyipa ndizo zomwe zimachokera pakusintha kwa schizophrenia yomwe, chifukwa cha mankhwala a antipsychotic komanso chachiwiri mpaka pazizindikiro zabwino.

Mitundu ya schizophrenia

Mu mtundu wakale, schizophrenia imatha kugawidwa m'mitundu isanu:

• Paranoid schizophrenia, pomwe pali zizindikiro zabwino;
• Osasokonekera, momwe kusintha kwamaganizidwe kuli ponseponse;
• Catatonic, yodziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa zizindikilo zamagalimoto komanso kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito;
• Osayanjanitsika, pomwe anzeru ndi magwiridwe antchito amachepetsedwa ndipo kudzipatula kumakhazikika;
• Zotsalira, momwe zimakhalira ndi zizolowezi zoyipa, momwe, monga m'mbuyomu, pamakhala kudzipatula pagulu, komanso kuwuma mtima komanso umphawi waluntha.

Komabe, schizophrenia yofotokozedwa mu DSM V silingathenso kutchula mitundu isanu ya schizophrenia, chifukwa ma subtypes amadziwika kuti amalumikizidwa. Chifukwa chake, ma subtypes omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa samakhala opanda madzi, ndipo munthuyo, panthawi ina yamatendawa, amatha kupereka chithunzi chachipatala chomwe chimadziwika ndi mtundu wina wa schizophrenia kapena kuwonetsa zizindikiro za kachigawo kena.

Phunzirani, mwatsatanetsatane, momwe mungadziwire mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya schizophrenia.

Momwe matendawa amapangidwira

Kuzindikira kwa schizophrenia sichinthu chovuta kuchipanga, ndipo kwa ana kumatha kukhala kovuta kwambiri kusiyanitsa ndi zinthu zina, makamaka matenda osinthasintha zochitika, ndipo ndikofunikira kuwunikanso zizindikirazo pakapita nthawi.

Chithandizo chake ndi chiyani

Schizophrenia ilibe mankhwala ndipo mankhwala nthawi zambiri amachitidwa ndi cholinga chochepetsa zizindikiro, komanso kubwereranso. Antipsychotic nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa, komabe, pali maphunziro owerengeka a mankhwalawa ali mwana.

Haloperidol ndi mankhwala omwe akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwazaka zingapo, ndipo amakhalabe chisankho chabwino chothandizira matenda amisala mwa ana. Kuphatikiza apo, risperidone ndi olanzapine zagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza ma psychoses aubwana, ndi zotsatira zabwino.