Khunyu: Zoona, Ziwerengero, ndi Inu

Zamkati

• Mitundu
• Kugwidwa kwapadera
• Kugwidwa kwachilendo
• Zosadziwika (kapena kuphipha kwa khunyu)
• Kukula
• Mibadwo yosautsidwa
• Mitundu yeniyeni
• Zokhudza jenda
• Zowopsa
• Zovuta
• Kupewa kudzipha
  
• Zoyambitsa
• Zizindikiro
• Mayeso ndi matenda
• Chithandizo
• Mankhwala
• Opaleshoni
• Kukopa kwamitsempha ya Vagus
• Zakudya
• Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala
• Kutulutsa
• Padziko lonse lapansi
• Kupewa
• Mtengo
• Zina zodabwitsa kapena zambiri

Khunyu ndi matenda amitsempha omwe amayamba chifukwa cha zochitika zachilendo zama cell muubongo.

Chaka chilichonse, anthu aku America pafupifupi 150,000 amapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto lamanjenje lomwe limayambitsa khunyu. Kwa nthawi yayitali, m'modzi mwa anthu 26 aku US apezeka ndi matendawa.

Khunyu ndi migraines, stroke, ndi Alzheimer's.

Kugwidwa kumatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo zingapo, kuyambira kwakanthawi kochepa kungoyang'anitsitsa mpaka kuzindikira komanso kugwedezeka kosalamulirika. Kugwidwa kwina kumatha kukhala kocheperako kuposa ena, koma ngakhale kugwidwa kwakanthawi kochepa kumatha kukhala koopsa ngati kumachitika nthawi ya zochitika monga kusambira kapena kuyendetsa.

Nazi zomwe muyenera kudziwa:

Mitundu

Mu 2017, International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) idasinthiratu magawo ake olanda kuchokera kumagulu awiri oyambira mpaka atatu, kusintha kutengera mbali zitatu zakugwidwa:

• komwe khunyu limayamba muubongo
• msinkhu wodziwa panthawi yolanda
• zina zomwe zimagwidwa, monga luso lamagalimoto ndi ma auras

Mitundu itatu yolanda ndi iyi:

• koyambira
• zowombetsa mkota
• kuyamba kosadziwika

Kugwidwa kwapadera

Kugwidwa kwapadera - komwe kumadziwika kuti khunyu pang'ono - kumayambira muma network a neuronal koma kumangokhala gawo limodzi la ubongo.

Kugwidwa kwapadera kumapangitsa pafupifupi 60 peresenti ya khunyu yonse. Amatha mphindi imodzi kapena ziwiri ndipo amakhala ndi zizindikilo zowopsa zomwe wina angathe kuthana nazo, monga kupitiriza kutsuka mbale.

Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo:

• motor, sensory, and even psychic (monga deja vu) zovuta
• mwadzidzidzi, malingaliro osaneneka achimwemwe, mkwiyo, chisoni, kapena nseru
• makina monga kupindika mobwerezabwereza, kupindika, kuphwanya, kutafuna, kumeza, kapena kuyenda mozungulira
• auras, kapena chenjezo kapena kuzindikira za kulanda komwe kukubwera

Kugwidwa kwachilendo

Zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri zimachokera kumagulu awiri ogawidwa amitsempha. Amatha kuyamba kukhala otsogola, kenako amadzaza.

Izi zimatha kuyambitsa:

• kutaya chidziwitso
• kugwa
• kupweteka kwambiri kwa minofu

Oposa 30 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu amakhala ndi khunyu.

Amatha kudziwika makamaka ndi magulu awa:

• Zamakono. Mtunduwu umadziwika ndi kulimbitsa minofu makamaka m'manja, miyendo, ndi kumbuyo.
• Clonic. Kugwidwa kwamatsenga kumakhudza kuyenda mobwerezabwereza mbali zonse ziwiri za thupi.
• Myoclonic. Mwa mtundu uwu, kusunthika kapena kusunthika kumachitika mmanja, miyendo, kapena kumtunda.
• Atonic. Kugonjetsedwa kwa Atonic kumakhudza kutayika kwa minofu ndi tanthauzo, zomwe zimabweretsa kugwa kapena kulephera kukweza mutu.
• Tonic-clonic. Kugwidwa ndi matendawo nthawi zina kumatchedwa kugwidwa kwakukulu. Zitha kuphatikizira kuphatikiza kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazizindikiro.

Zosadziwika (kapena kuphipha kwa khunyu)

Chiyambi cha kugwidwa kumeneku sikudziwika. Amawonekera powonjezera mwadzidzidzi kapena kupindika kwamapeto. Kuphatikiza apo, amatha kuyambiranso m'magulu.

Kufikira 20 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu samakumana ndi matenda akhunyu (NES), omwe amakhala ngati khunyu, koma samalumikizidwa ndi kutulutsa kwamagetsi komwe kumapezeka muubongo.

Kukula

Akuti pafupifupi anthu aku U.S. ali ndi khunyu yogwira. Izi zikuchokera kwa anthu pafupifupi 3.4 miliyoni mdziko lonse - komanso oposa 65 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi.

Kuphatikiza apo, pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa anthu 26 amakhala ndi khunyu nthawi ina m'moyo wawo.

Khunyu limayamba msinkhu uliwonse. Kafukufuku sanazindikire nthawi yodziwika bwino yodziwitsa, koma kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kwakukulu kwa ana ochepera zaka 2 komanso akulu azaka 65 kapena kupitilira apo.

Mwamwayi, malinga ndi Child Neurology Foundation, pafupifupi 50 mpaka 60% ya ana omwe ali ndi khunyu pamapeto pake adzatuluka mwa iwo ndipo sadzakomoka akamakula.

Mibadwo yosautsidwa

Padziko lonse lapansi, mwa matenda onse omwe amapezeka kumene a khunyu ali mwa ana.

Mwa milandu yopitilira 470,000 ndi ana. Ana amawerengera.

Khunyu amapezeka kawirikawiri asanakwanitse zaka 20 kapena atakwanitsa zaka 65, ndipo kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala matendawa kumawonjezeka atakwanitsa zaka 55 pomwe anthu amatha kudwala sitiroko, zotupa, ndi matenda a Alzheimer's.

Malinga ndi Child Neurology Foundation:

• Mwa ana omwe ali ndi khunyu, 30 mpaka 40 peresenti ali ndi matendawa okha osakwiya msanga. Ali ndi luntha, kuphunzira, komanso machitidwe.
• Pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya ana omwe ali ndi khunyu amakhalanso ndi vuto la nzeru.
• Pakati pa 20 mpaka 50 peresenti ya ana ali ndi nzeru wamba koma amalephera kuphunzira.
• Chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri chimakhalanso ndi vuto lalikulu la mitsempha, monga ziwalo za ubongo.

Mitundu yeniyeni

Ofufuza sakudziwikabe ngati mtundu wawo umagwira nawo ndani amene amadwala khunyu.

Sizowongoka. Ochita kafukufuku amavutika kuti apeze mpikisano ngati chifukwa chachikulu chochititsa khunyu. Komabe, ganizirani izi kuchokera ku Epilepsy Foundation:

• Khunyu amapezeka kawirikawiri ku Puerto Rico kusiyana ndi omwe si a Puerto Rico.
• Khunyu yogwira amakhala pafupipafupi mwa azungu kuposa akuda.
• Anthu akuda amafala kwambiri kuposa azungu.
• Akuti pafupifupi theka la anthu aku Asia aku America ali ndi khunyu.

Zokhudza jenda

Pazonse, palibe jenda yomwe imatha kudwala khunyu kuposa enawo. Komabe, ndizotheka kuti jenda iliyonse imatha kukhala ndi magawo ena a khunyu.

Mwachitsanzo, adapeza kuti khunyu lazizindikiro linali lodziwika kwambiri mwa amuna kuposa akazi. Kumbali ina, ma Idiopathic generalized khunyu anali ofala kwambiri pakati pa akazi.

Kusiyana kulikonse komwe kungakhalepo mwina kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha kusiyanasiyana kwa amuna ndi akazi, komanso kusintha kwa mahomoni komanso magwiridwe antchito.

Zowopsa

Pali zifukwa zingapo zoopsa zomwe zimakupatsani mpata waukulu wodwala khunyu. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Zaka. Khunyu limayamba msinkhu uliwonse, koma anthu ambiri amapezeka magawo awiri osiyana m'moyo: adakali aang'ono komanso atakwanitsa zaka 55.
• Matenda a ubongo. Matenda - monga meningitis - amawotcha ubongo ndi msana, ndipo amatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chodwala khunyu.
• Kugwidwa kwa ubwana. Ana ena amakhala ndi khunyu losakhudzana ndi khunyu ali mwana. Malungo apamwamba kwambiri amatha kuyambitsa matendawa. Koma akamakula, ena mwa ana amenewa amatha kudwala khunyu.
• Kusokonezeka maganizo. Anthu omwe akukumana ndi kuchepa kwamaganizidwe amathanso kudwala khunyu. Izi ndizofala kwambiri kwa achikulire.
• Mbiri ya banja. Ngati wachibale wapafupi ali ndi khunyu, mumakhala ndi vuto lalikulu. Ana omwe ali ndi makolo omwe ali ndi khunyu ali ndi chiopsezo cha 5% chokhala ndi matendawa.
• Kuvulala kumutu. Kugwa koyambirira, kugundana, kapena kuvulala kumutu kwanu kumatha kuyambitsa khunyu. Kuchita zinthu zodzitetezera pazochitika monga kupalasa njinga, kutsetsereka, ndi kukwera njinga yamoto kumatha kuteteza mutu wanu kuti usavulazidwe komanso kupewa matenda akhunyu amtsogolo.
• Matenda a mtima. Matenda a mitsempha yamagazi ndi zikwapu zimatha kuwononga ubongo. Kuwonongeka kwa gawo lililonse laubongo kumatha kuyambitsa khunyu ndipo pamapeto pake khunyu. Njira yabwino yopewera khunyu yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi matenda opatsirana ndi kusamalira mtima wanu ndi mitsempha yamagazi ndi chakudya chopatsa thanzi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi. Komanso, pewani kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa kwambiri.

Zovuta

Kukhala ndi khunyu kumawonjezera ngozi yanu pazovuta zina. Zina mwa izi ndizofala kuposa zina.

Mavuto omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi awa:

Ngozi zamagalimoto

Mayiko ambiri samapereka chiphaso choyendetsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri yakukomoka kufikira atakhala kuti alanda kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kugwidwa kumatha kuyambitsa kutaya chidziwitso ndikukhudza kuyendetsa galimoto. Mutha kudzipweteka kapena kuvulaza ena ngati mukukumana ndi khunyu pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto.

Kumira

Anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu amatha kumira kuposa anthu ena onse. Ndi chifukwa chakuti anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu amatha kugwidwa ali padziwe losambira, kunyanja, m'bafa, kapena madzi ena onse.

Atha kukhala osakhoza kusuntha kapena kutaya kuzindikira momwe alili panthawi yolanda. Ngati mumasambira ndikukhala ndi mbiri yakugwa, onetsetsani kuti wopulumutsa pa ntchito akudziwa momwe muliri. Osasambira nokha.

Mavuto azaumoyo

amakumana ndi kukhumudwa ndi nkhawa - comorbidity wofala kwambiri wamatendawa.

Anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu amathanso kufa ndi kudzipha kuposa 22%.

Kupewa kudzipha

1. Ngati mukuganiza kuti wina ali pachiwopsezo chodzivulaza kapena kukhumudwitsa wina:
2. • Imbani 911 kapena nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yakomweko.
3. • Khalani ndi munthuyo mpaka thandizo litafika.
4. • Chotsani mfuti, mipeni, mankhwala, kapena zinthu zina zomwe zingakuvulazeni.
5. • Mverani, koma osaweruza, kutsutsana, kuwopseza, kapena kufuula.
6. Ngati inu kapena munthu wina yemwe mumamudziwa akuganiza zodzipha, pezani thandizo kuchokera ku nthawi yovuta kapena njira yodzitchinjiriza. Yesani National Suicide Prevention Lifeline pa 800-273-8255.

Kugwa

Mitundu ina ya khunyu imakhudza kuyenda kwamagalimoto anu. Mutha kulephera kugwira ntchito yaminyewa panthawi yolanda ndikugwa pansi, kugunda mutu wanu pazinthu zapafupi, ngakhalenso kuthyola fupa.

Izi ndizofanana ndi kugwidwa kwamatenda, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti kuwukira.

Mavuto okhudzana ndi mimba

Anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu amatha kutenga pakati ndikukhala ndi pakati komanso makanda athanzi, koma kusamala kowonjezera kumafunika.

Pafupifupi 15 mpaka 25% mwa amayi apakati amakhala ndi zovuta zowopsa nthawi yapakati. Kumbali inayi, 15 mpaka 25% adzawonanso kusintha.

Mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo tating'onoting'ono titha kubweretsa zovuta kubadwa, chifukwa chake inu ndi dokotala muyenera kusanthula mosamala mankhwala anu musanakonzekere kutenga pakati.

Zovuta zochepa wamba ndi izi:

• Mkhalidwe wa khunyu. Kugwidwa kwakukulu - komwe kumatenga nthawi yayitali kapena kumachitika pafupipafupi - kumatha kuyambitsa matenda a khunyu. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amatha kuwonongeka ubongo kosatha.
• Mwadzidzidzi unexplimfa ya khunyu (SUDEP). Mwadzidzidzi, imfa yosadziwika imakhala yotheka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu, koma ndizochepa. Amapezeka ndi khunyu ndipo amakhala wachiwiri pambuyo pa kupwetekedwa ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa matendawa. Madokotala sakudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa SUDEP, koma lingaliro limodzi limanena kuti mavuto amtima ndi kupuma atha kuthandizira.

Zoyambitsa

Pafupifupi theka la matenda akhunyu, chifukwa chake sichikudziwika.

Zinthu zinayi zomwe zimayambitsa khunyu ndi izi:

• Matenda aubongo. Matenda monga Edzi, meningitis, ndi virus encephalitis awonetsedwa kuti amayambitsa khunyu.
• Chotupa chaubongo. Zotupa muubongo zimatha kusokoneza zochitika zabwinobwino zama cell ndikupangitsa kugwa.
• Kusokonezeka mutu. Kuvulala pamutu kumatha kubweretsa khunyu. Kuvulala kumeneku kungaphatikizepo kuvulala kwamasewera, kugwa, kapena ngozi.
• Sitiroko. Matenda a minyewa, monga sitiroko, amasokoneza ubongo kuti ugwire bwino ntchito. Izi zimatha kuyambitsa khunyu.

Zina zomwe zimayambitsa khunyu ndi izi:

• Matenda a Neurodevelopmental. Matenda achilengulengu ndi kakulidwe kameneka kangayambitse khunyu.
• Zinthu zobadwa nazo. Kukhala ndi wachibale wapafupi amene akudwala khunyu kumawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga khunyu. Izi zikusonyeza kuti jini lobadwa nalo lingayambitse khunyu. N'zothekanso kuti majini enieni angapangitse munthu kugwidwa mosavuta ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zingayambitse khunyu.
• Zomwe zimachitika musanabadwe. Pakukula kwawo, ma fetus amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa ubongo. Kuwonongeka kumeneku kumatha kukhala chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwakuthupi, komanso kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso kuchepa kwa mpweya. Zonsezi zimatha kuyambitsa khunyu kapena zovuta zina zamaubongo mwa ana.

Zizindikiro

Zizindikiro za khunyu zimadalira mtundu wa kugwidwa komwe mukukumana nako komanso mbali ziti zaubongo zomwe zimakhudzidwa.

Zizindikiro zina za khunyu ndi izi:

• mawu owoneka bwino
• chisokonezo
• kutaya chidziwitso kapena kuzindikira
• mayendedwe osalamulirika, monga kugwedeza ndi kukoka
• mayendedwe obwerezabwereza

Mayeso ndi matenda

Kuzindikira khunyu kumafunikira mitundu ingapo ya mayeso ndi maphunziro kuti muwonetsetse kuti zomwe mukudziwa ndikumverera kwanu ndi zotsatira za khunyu osati vuto lina lamitsempha.

Mayeso omwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ndi awa:

• Kuyesa magazi. Dokotala wanu amatenga zitsanzo zamagazi anu kuti ayesetse matenda omwe angachitike kapena zina zomwe zingafotokozere zomwe muli nazo. Zotsatira zoyeserazo zitha kuzindikira zomwe zingayambitse khunyu.
• EEG. Electroencephalogram (EEG) ndi chida chodziwitsa bwino khunyu. Pakati pa EEG, madokotala amaika maelekitirodi pamutu panu. Maelekitirodi awa amadziwa ndikulemba zochitika zamagetsi zomwe zimachitika muubongo wanu. Madokotala amatha kuwunika momwe ubongo wanu umasinthira ndikupeza zochitika zachilendo, zomwe zitha kuwonetsa khunyu. Kuyesaku kumatha kuzindikira khunyu ngakhale simukugwidwa.
• Kuyesa kwamitsempha. Mofanana ndi maulendo aliwonse obwera ku ofesi ya dokotala, dokotala wanu adzafuna kumaliza mbiri yonse yazaumoyo. Afuna kumvetsetsa kuti zizindikilo zanu zidayamba liti komanso zomwe mwakumana nazo. Izi zitha kuthandiza dokotala kuti adziwe mayeso omwe angafunike komanso mitundu yanji yothandizira yomwe ingathandize pakapezeka chifukwa.
• Kujambula kwa CT. Makina owerengera a tomography (CT) amatenga zithunzi zamaubongo anu. Izi zimalola madotolo kuwona gawo lililonse laubongo wanu ndikupeza zomwe zingayambitse, kuphatikizapo zotupa, zotupa, ndi magazi.
• MRI. Kujambula kwa maginito (MRI) kumatenga chithunzi chatsatanetsatane cha ubongo wanu. Madokotala amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zopangidwa ndi MRI kuti aphunzire mwatsatanetsatane zaubongo wanu ndikupeza zovuta zomwe zingakugwetseni.
• fMRI. MRI yothandiza (fMRI) imalola madotolo anu kuwona ubongo wanu mwatsatanetsatane. FMRI imalola madotolo kuwona momwe magazi amayendera kudzera muubongo wanu. Izi zingawathandize kumvetsetsa magawo amubongo omwe amakhudzidwa ndikulanda.
• Sakani PET: Chojambula cha positron emission tomography (PET) chimagwiritsa ntchito zochepa zazing'ono zamagetsi kuti zithandizire madotolo kuwona zamagetsi zamaubongo anu. Zinthuzo zimalowetsedwa mumtsempha ndipo makina amatha kujambula zithunzizi zikafika kuubongo wanu.

Chithandizo

Ndi chithandizo, anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu amatha kukhululukidwa, kupeza mpumulo komanso kupumula kuzizindikiro zawo.

Chithandizo chitha kukhala chosavuta monga kumwa mankhwala oletsa khunyu, ngakhale 30 mpaka 40 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu adzapitilizabe kugwidwa ngakhale atalandira chithandizo chifukwa cha khunyu losamva mankhwala. Ena angafunikire chithandizo chamankhwala chowopsa.

Nawa mankhwala odziwika kwambiri a khunyu:

Mankhwala

Pali mankhwala opitilira 20 opatsirana masiku ano. Mankhwala a antiepileptic ndi othandiza kwambiri kwa anthu ambiri.

Ndikothekanso kuti mutha kusiya kumwa mankhwalawa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, kapena zaka zinayi kapena zisanu.

Mu 2018, mankhwala oyamba a cannabidiol, Epidolex, adavomerezedwa ndi a FDA kuti azitha kulandira mankhwala osowa kwambiri a Lennox-Gastaut ndi Dravet syndromes mwa ana azaka zopitilira 2. Ndi mankhwala oyamba ovomerezeka ndi FDA kuphatikiza mankhwala oyeretsedwa kuchokera ku chamba (ndipo sichimapangitsa munthu kukhala wosangalala).

Opaleshoni

Nthawi zina, kuyesa kuyerekezera kumatha kuzindikira komwe ubongo umagwira. Ngati gawo ili laubongo ndiloling'ono kwambiri komanso lodziwika bwino, madokotala amatha kuchita opareshoni kuti achotse magawo ena aubongo omwe amachititsa kuti agwere.

Ngati kugwidwa kwanu kumachokera mu gawo la ubongo lomwe silingachotsedwe, dokotala wanu atha kuchita njira zomwe zingathandize kupewa kugwidwa kuti kusafalikire kumadera ena aubongo.

Kukopa kwamitsempha ya Vagus

Madokotala amatha kuyika chida pansi pa khungu la chifuwa chanu. Chida ichi chimalumikizidwa ndi mitsempha ya vagus m'khosi. Chipangizocho chimatumiza kuphulika kwamagetsi kudzera m'mitsempha ndi muubongo. Makina amagetsi awa awonetsedwa kuti amachepetsa kugwa ndi 20 mpaka 40%.

Zakudya

Zakudya za ketogenic zatsimikizira kuti zothandiza kuchepetsa khunyu kwa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi khunyu, makamaka ana.

Oposa omwe amayesa zakudya za ketogenic amakhala ndi kusintha kopitilira 50 peresenti pakuwongolera kulanda, ndipo 10% amakhala ndi ufulu wonse wolandidwa.

Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala

Kugwidwa kumatha kukhala kowopsa kwambiri, makamaka ngati zikuchitika koyamba.

Mukapezeka kuti muli ndi khunyu, mudzaphunzira kusamalira khunyu mwanjira yathanzi. Komabe, zochitika zingapo zingafune kuti inu kapena wina pafupi ndi inu mupite kuchipatala. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• kudzivulaza panthawi yakulanda
• kugwidwa komwe kumatenga mphindi zopitilira zisanu
• kulephera kukhalanso ndi chidwi kapena kusapuma pambuyo poti kugwidwa kwatha
• kukhala ndi malungo akulu kuphatikiza kukomoka
• kukhala ndi matenda ashuga
• kugwidwa kachiwiri atangoyamba kumene
• kulanda komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi kutentha kwa kutentha

Muyenera kudziwitsa anzanu akuntchito, abwenzi, ndi okondedwa kuti muli ndi vutoli ndikuwathandiza kudziwa zoyenera kuchita.

Kutulutsa

Kulosera zamunthu kumadalira kwathunthu mtundu wa khunyu yemwe ali naye komanso khunyu yomwe imayambitsa.

Kupitilira kuyankha moyenera kwa mankhwala oyamba omwe ali ndi antiepileptic omwe apatsidwa. Ena angafunikire thandizo lina kuti apeze mankhwala omwe ndi othandiza kwambiri.

Atakhala opanda chilandilo kwa zaka pafupifupi ziwiri, anthu 68 pa anthu 100 alionse asiya kumwa mankhwala. Pambuyo pa zaka zitatu 75 peresenti ya anthu amasiya mankhwala awo.

Kuopsa kwa kugwidwa mobwerezabwereza pambuyo pamiyamba yoyamba kuchokera.

Padziko lonse lapansi

Malingana ndi Epilepsy Action Australia, anthu 65 miliyoni padziko lonse ali ndi khunyu. Pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya anthuwa amakhala m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene.

Khunyu lingathe kuchiritsidwa bwinobwino, koma oposa 75 peresenti ya anthu okhala m’mayiko amene akutukuka kumene salandira chithandizo chomwe amafunikira khunyu.

Kupewa

Khunyu alibe mankhwala ndipo sangathe kupewedwa kotheratu. Komabe, mutha kusamala mosamala, monga:

• Kuteteza mutu wanu kuti usavulazidwe. Ngozi, kugwa, ndi kuvulala kumutu kumatha kubweretsa khunyu. Valani nduwira yoteteza mukamayenda pa njinga, kutsetsereka, kapena kuchita chilichonse chomwe chingakuike pachiwopsezo chovulala kumutu.
• Kukula. Ana akuyenera kuyenda m'mipando yamagalimoto yoyenera msinkhu wawo komanso kukula kwawo. Munthu aliyense mgalimoto ayenera kumangirira lamba kuti apewe kuvulala pamutu komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi khunyu.
• Kuteteza kuvulala kwapadera. Kudzisamalira bwino pamene muli ndi pakati kumathandiza kuteteza mwana wanu ku matenda, kuphatikizapo khunyu.
• Kupeza katemera. Katemera waubwana angapewe matenda omwe angayambitse khunyu.
• Kusamalira thanzi lanu lamtima. Kusamalira kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi zizindikilo zina zamatenda amtima kumatha kuthana ndi khunyu mukamakula.

Mtengo

Chaka chilichonse, aku America amawononga zambiri kuposa kusamalira komanso kuchiza khunyu.

Ndalama zothandizira mwachindunji wodwala aliyense zimatha kuyambira. Ndalama zapadera za khunyu pachaka zimatha kukhala $ 20,000.

Zina zodabwitsa kapena zambiri

Kukhala ndi khunyu sikutanthauza kuti uli ndi khunyu. Kugwidwa kosavomerezeka sikuti kumayambitsidwa ndi khunyu.

Komabe, kugwa kawiri kapena kupitilira apo mosavomerezeka kumatha kuwonetsa kuti muli ndi khunyu. Mankhwala ambiri samayamba mpaka kugwiranso kwachiwiri kwachitika.

Mosiyana ndi malingaliro ambiri, ndizosatheka kumeza lilime lanu panthawi yolanda - kapena nthawi ina iliyonse.

Tsogolo la chithandizo cha khunyu limawoneka lowala. Ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti kukondoweza kwa ubongo kumatha kuthandiza anthu kuthana ndi zochepa. Maelekitirodi ang'onoang'ono omwe amaikidwa muubongo wanu amatha kuyendetsa magetsi muubongo ndipo amachepetsa kugwa. Momwemonso, mankhwala amakono, monga Epidolex yochokera ku chamba, akupatsa anthu chiyembekezo chatsopano.