Zambiri Zokhudza Matenda a Mtima, Ziwerengero, ndi Inu

Zamkati

• Chidule
• 1. Matenda amitsempha yamagazi (CAD) ndi omwe amayambitsa matenda amtima ambiri.
• 2. Kutsekeka kwa magazi pakumadwala kwa mtima kumatha kukhala kwathunthu kapena pang'ono.
• 3. CAD imatha kuchitika mwa achikulire.
• 4. Matenda amtima samasankha.
• 5. Chaka chilichonse, anthu aku America pafupifupi 805,000 amadwala mtima.
• 6. Matenda amtima atha kukhala okwera mtengo kwambiri ku chuma cha America.
• 7. Matenda a mtima akuchulukirachulukira kwa achinyamata azaka zosapitirira 40.
• 8. Matenda a mtima amakhala limodzi ndi zizindikiro zazikulu zisanu.
• 9. Amayi amakhala ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana.
• 10. Kusuta fodya kumawonjezera ngozi ya matenda a mtima ndi matenda a mtima.
• 11. Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndichowopsa chachikulu cha matenda amtima.
• 12. Kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi mwanu mopanda thanzi kumatha kuwonjezera ngozi ya matenda amtima.
• 13. Kumwa mowa kwambiri kumatha kukupatsani chiopsezo chodwala matenda a mtima.
• 14. Kutentha kwakunja kungakhudze mwayi wanu wokhala ndi vuto la mtima.
• 15. Vape ndi e-ndudu zitha kuonjezera chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima.
• 16. Matenda a mtima ndiofala kuposa momwe timaganizira.
• 17. Mukakhala ndi vuto la mtima, mumakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi wina.
• 18. Zinthu zina zowopsa za mtima sizingasinthidwe.
• 19. Matenda a mtima angachiritsidwe m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
• 20. Ndizotheka kuchepetsa mwayi wanu wokhala ndi vuto la mtima.

Chidule

Matenda a mtima, omwe amatchedwanso infarction ya myocardial, amapezeka pamene gawo lina la minofu yamtima silimayenda bwino magazi. Mphindi iliyonse minofu imakanidwa magazi, mwayi woti kuwonongeka kwa mtima kwakanthawi ukuwonjezeka.

Matenda a mtima amatha kupha. Ndani angathe kudwala matenda a mtima, ndipo mungatani kuti muchepetse zovuta zomwe zingachitike kuti mukhale ndi vuto la mtima?

Izi ndi ziwerengero zotsatirazi zingakuthandizeni:

• phunzirani zambiri za vutoli
• Ganizirani za chiopsezo chanu
• kuzindikira zizindikilo za matenda a mtima

1. Matenda amitsempha yamagazi (CAD) ndi omwe amayambitsa matenda amtima ambiri.

CAD imayambitsidwa ndi zolengeza zolembera (zopangidwa ndi cholesterol m'matumbo ndi kutupa) pakhoma la mitsempha yomwe imapereka magazi pamtima.

Kapangidwe kazitsulo kamapangitsa kuti mkati mwa mitsempha muchepetse pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kapenanso, cholesterol yomwe imayika imatha kulowa m'mitsempha ndikupanga magazi.

2. Kutsekeka kwa magazi pakumadwala kwa mtima kumatha kukhala kwathunthu kapena pang'ono.

Kutsekeka kwathunthu kwa mtsempha wamagazi kumatanthauza kuti mudakumana ndi matenda a "STEMI", kapena ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Kutseka pang'ono kumatchedwa "NSTEMI" matenda amtima, kapena non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

3. CAD imatha kuchitika mwa achikulire.

Pafupifupi achikulire azaka 20 kapena kupitirira ali ndi CAD (pafupifupi 6.7%). Muthanso kukhala ndi CAD osadziwa.

4. Matenda amtima samasankha.

Ndichifukwa chachikulu chakufa kwa anthu amitundu yambiri komanso mafuko ku United States.

Izi zikuphatikiza:

• African American
• Mmwenye waku America
• Wachibadwidwe ku Alaska
• Anthu a ku Puerto Rico
• azungu

Matenda amtima ndiwachiwiri kwa khansa ya azimayi ochokera kuzilumba za Pacific ndi Asia American, American Indian, Alaska Native, ndi azimayi aku Spain.

5. Chaka chilichonse, anthu aku America pafupifupi 805,000 amadwala mtima.

Mwa awa, ndi vuto loyamba la mtima ndipo 200,000 imachitikira anthu omwe adwala kale mtima.

6. Matenda amtima atha kukhala okwera mtengo kwambiri ku chuma cha America.

Kuyambira 2014 mpaka 2015, matenda amtima adawononga United States pafupifupi. Izi zikuphatikiza mtengo wa:

• chithandizo chazaumoyo
• mankhwala
• kutaya zokolola chifukwa chakumwalira msanga

7. Matenda a mtima akuchulukirachulukira kwa achinyamata azaka zosapitirira 40.

Gulu laling'ono ili likhoza kugawana nawo zomwe zimawopsa chifukwa cha matenda amtima, kuphatikiza:

• matenda ashuga
• cholesterol yambiri
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kusuta

Mavuto ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuphatikizapo chamba ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a cocaine, nawonso angakhale ena. Achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima amatha kunena kuti amagwiritsa ntchito zinthuzi mopitirira muyeso.

8. Matenda a mtima amakhala limodzi ndi zizindikiro zazikulu zisanu.

Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri ndi izi:

• kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kusapeza bwino
• kudzimva ofooka, opepuka, kapena okomoka
• kupweteka kapena kusapeza nsagwada, khosi, kapena kumbuyo
• kupweteka kapena kusapeza m'manja amodzi kapena awiri kapena paphewa
• kupuma movutikira
• thukuta kapena mseru

9. Amayi amakhala ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana.

Amayi amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro monga:

• "Atypical" kupweteka pachifuwa - osati kutengeka kwapachifuwa
• kupuma movutikira
• nseru
• kusanza
• kupweteka kwa msana
• kupweteka kwa nsagwada

10. Kusuta fodya kumawonjezera ngozi ya matenda a mtima ndi matenda a mtima.

Kusuta ndudu kumatha kuwononga mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu pamatenda amtima, monga atherosclerosis komanso matenda amtima.

11. Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndichowopsa chachikulu cha matenda amtima.

Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachitika pamene kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha yanu ndi mitsempha ina yamagazi kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri ndipo kumatha kuyambitsa mitsempha yolimba.

Mutha kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kusintha kwa moyo wanu monga kuchepetsa kudya kwa sodium kapena kumwa mankhwala kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha matenda amtima komanso matenda amtima.

12. Kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi mwanu mopanda thanzi kumatha kuwonjezera ngozi ya matenda amtima.

Cholesterol ndimafuta, onga mafuta opangidwa ndi chiwindi kapena omwe amapezeka muzakudya zina.

Cholesterol yowonjezera imatha kumangidwa m'mitsempha yamitsempha, kuwapangitsa kukhala ofooka ndikuchepetsa magazi kulowa mumtima, ubongo, ndi ziwalo zina za thupi.

13. Kumwa mowa kwambiri kumatha kukupatsani chiopsezo chodwala matenda a mtima.

Kumwa mowa kwambiri kumakweza kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikupanga kugunda kwamtima kosazolowereka.

Yesetsani kuchepetsa kumwa kwanu mopitilira kawiri patsiku kwa amuna komanso osamwa kamodzi patsiku kwa akazi.

14. Kutentha kwakunja kungakhudze mwayi wanu wokhala ndi vuto la mtima.

Kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumalumikizidwa ndi matenda amtima kwambiri mu kafukufuku woperekedwa ku American College of Cardiology's 67th Year Scientific Session.

Popeza mitundu ina yazanyengo imagwirizanitsa nyengo zakuthambo ndi kutentha kwanyengo, zomwe zapezedwa zatsopano zikusonyeza kuti kusintha kwanyengo kungayambitsenso kuwonongeka kwamatenda amtima.

15. Vape ndi e-ndudu zitha kuonjezera chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima.

Akuluakulu omwe amafotokoza kuti akupuma ndudu za e-fodya, kapena kutulutsa mpweya, amakhala ndi vuto la mtima kwambiri poyerekeza ndi omwe sawagwiritsa ntchito.

E-ndudu ndizida zamagetsi zomwe zimatsanzira zomwe zimachitikira kusuta ndudu.

Kafukufuku waposachedwa adapeza kuti poyerekeza ndi osagwiritsa ntchito fodya, ogwiritsa ntchito ndudu za e-fodya anali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi vuto la mtima 56 ndipo 30% anali ndi sitiroko.

16. Matenda a mtima ndiofala kuposa momwe timaganizira.

Ku United States, wina amadwala mtima.

17. Mukakhala ndi vuto la mtima, mumakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi wina.

Pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya anthu azaka zapakati pa 45 ndi kupitilira apo omwe adadwala matenda amtima adzakhala ndi wina mzaka zisanu.

18. Zinthu zina zowopsa za mtima sizingasinthidwe.

Titha kusamalira zomwe timasankha, koma zovuta zakubadwa kapena ukalamba sizingayang'aniridwe.

Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Kukula msinkhu
• kukhala membala wa abambo
• cholowa

Ana a makolo omwe ali ndi matenda amtima amatha kukhala ndi matenda amtima iwowo.

19. Matenda a mtima angachiritsidwe m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Mankhwala osagwira ntchito ndi awa:

• mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi
• beta-blockers, omwe amachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima komanso kutulutsa kwamtima
• ma antithrombotic, omwe amaletsa kuundana kwamagazi
• statins, omwe amachepetsa cholesterol ndi kutupa

20. Ndizotheka kuchepetsa mwayi wanu wokhala ndi vuto la mtima.

Akatswiri amalimbikitsa:

• kusiya kusuta, ngati mumasuta
• kulandira chakudya chopatsa thanzi
• kutsitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kuchepetsa nkhawa

Kupanga zosinthazi kumachepetsa chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi CAD ndikukhala ndi vuto la mtima.