Chilichonse Chodziwa Zokhudza Ziwalo Zoberekera Zachikazi

Zamkati

• Ziwalo zoberekera zazimayi
• Vulva
• Ukazi
• Chiberekero
• Machubu olowa
• Zosunga
• Ntchito iliyonse
• Vulva
• Ukazi
• Chiberekero
• Machubu olowa
• Zosunga
• Udindo wa chiberekero
• Zinthu zomwe zingayambike
• Matenda
• Chiberekero cha fibroids
• Endometriosis
• Matenda a Polycystic ovary (PCOS)
• Ziphuphu zamchiberekero ndi tizilombo ta chiberekero
• Khansa
• Kusabereka
• Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala
• Mfundo yofunika

Njira yoberekera yachikazi imakhala ndi ziwalo zamkati ndi zakunja. Ili ndi ntchito zingapo zofunika, kuphatikiza:

• kumasula mazira, omwe atha kupangika ndi umuna
• kupanga mahomoni achikazi, monga progesterone ndi estrogen
• Kupereka malo oti dzira la umuna likhale ndi pakati
• Kuthandiza kugwira ntchito ndi kubereka

Koma kodi ziwalo zina zonse za ziwalo zoberekera za akazi ndi ziti, ndipo amachita chiyani? Pitirizani kuwerenga pamene tikukambirana mafunso awa ndi zina pansipa.

Ziwalo zoberekera zazimayi

Tiyeni tiwone gawo lirilonse la njira yoberekera yachikazi mwatsatanetsatane.

Vulva

Velise ndi dzina lomwe limaperekedwa kumadera akunja a ziwalo zoberekera zazimayi. Kumaliseche kumaphatikizaponso mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, monga:

• Maofesi a pubis: Mons pubis ndi chitunda cha minofu yomwe ili pamwamba pa mafupa a pubic. Amakhala wokutidwa ndi ubweya wamkati.
• Labia majora: Ma labia majora ndi khungu la khungu lomwe limapezeka pansi pa mons pubis. Amaphimba mbali zina zambiri zamaliseche.
• Labia minora: Awa ndi makola ang'onoang'ono a khungu okutira khonde la nyini.
• Khola: Awa ndi malo omwe ali pakati pa labia minora. Lili ndi kutsegula kwa nyini ndi mkodzo.
• Nkhope: Ili pamwamba pa labia minora, clitoris imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kukondoweza.
• Matumbo a Bartholin: Awa ndi ma gland awiri omwe amakhala mbali zonse ziwiri zotsegulira nyini.
• Matenda a Skene: Matendawa amapezeka mumaliseche pafupi ndi mkodzo. Atha kukhala gawo la G-banga, ndipo amatenga nawo gawo podzutsa chilakolako chogonana.

Ukazi

Kutsegula kwa nyini kumapezeka mu khonde la nyini. Nyini yokha ndi chubu champhamvu chomwe chimayambira kutsegulira kumeneku mpaka kumunsi kwa chiberekero (khomo lachiberekero).

Kutsegulira kumaliseche kumatha kuphimbidwa pang'ono ndi kanyama kakang'ono kotchedwa hymen. Nyimboyi imatha kuthyola zinthu monga kugonana, kuyika tampon, kapena zochitika zina monga kukwera njinga.

Chiberekero

Chiberekero ndi chiwalo chopindika, chowoneka ngati peyala chomwe chimapezeka m'chiuno. Amapangidwa ndi magawo awiri akulu:

• Chiberekero: Khomo lachiberekero ndilo gawo lotsika la chiberekero. Amalumikiza thupi lalikulu la chiberekero ndi nyini.
• Corpus (thupi): Ili ndiye gawo lalikulu, lalikulu la chiberekero.

Machubu olowa

Machubu ya mazira amalumikiza chiberekero ndi thumba losunga mazira. Phukusi limodzi la mazira limalumikizidwa ndi ovary iliyonse.

Zosunga

Awa ndi ziwalo ziwiri zooneka ngati oval zomwe zili m'chiuno mwanu, mbali zonse za chiberekero chanu. Thumba losunga mazira limalumikizidwa ndi timachubu tating'onoting'ono, tomwe timalumikiza ndi chiberekero.

Ntchito iliyonse

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe gawo lirilonse la magawo oberekera achikazi amagwirira ntchito.

Vulva

Ntchito zazikulu za maliseche ndi:

• kuteteza ziwalo zamkati zoberekera zazimayi (labia majora ndi minora)
• amatenga gawo pakukakamiza kugonana ndi kukondoweza (clitoris)
• yambitsani kugonana, monga popereka mafuta (zotsekemera za Bartholin) ndi kutsitsimutsa (mons pubis)

Kuphatikiza apo, urethra yachikazi imapezekanso kumaliseche. Uku ndi kutsegula komwe mkodzo umatulutsidwa.

Ukazi

Nyini ili ndi ntchito zingapo, zomwe zingaphatikizepo:

• kulandira chidole kapena mbolo yowongoka panthawi yogonana
• kukhala njira yoberekera pobereka
• kulola magazi akusamba kutuluka mthupi lanu nthawi yanu

Chiberekero

Chiberekero ndi chiwalo choberekera chachikazi chomwe chimalandira dzira la umuna ndikuthandizira kukula kwake panthawi yapakati. Tidzakambirana chiberekero mwatsatanetsatane pansipa.

Machubu olowa

Machubu ya mazira imagwira ntchito yotengera dzira kuchokera m'mimba mwake kupita nalo kuchiberekero. Mitsempha yosalala ndi kumenyedwa kwazinthu zazing'ono ngati tsitsi zotchedwa cilia kumathandiza kuti dzira lisunthire chiberekero. Feteleza nthawi zambiri imapezeka mu chubu cha mazira.

Zosunga

Ntchito yayikulu m'mimba mwake ndikutulutsa mazira. Mukabadwa, m'mimba mwanu mumakhala mazira onse omwe mudzatulutse nthawi yonse ya moyo wanu. Kamodzi pamwezi, dzira lokhwima limatulutsidwa m'mimba mwake munjira yotchedwa ovulation.

Thumba losunga mazira limatulutsanso mahomoni ogonana achikazi, omwe ndi ofunikira kuwongolera mayendedwe azimayi komanso kutenga pakati. Izi zimaphatikizapo progesterone ndi estrogen.

Udindo wa chiberekero

Chiberekero ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo zazikulu kwambiri zoberekera zazimayi. Imagwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri panthawi yapakati komanso yobereka.

Kakhungu kamkati kamene kamayendetsa chiberekero kamatchedwa endometrium. Kukula kwa matabwawa kumatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera milingo ya mahomoni osiyanasiyana panthawi yakusamba.

Mwachitsanzo, panthawi ya mzimayi, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a estrogen ndi progesterone kumapangitsa kuti chiberekero chikule. Izi zimathandiza kukonzekera chiberekero kulandira ndi kusamalira dzira la umuna panthawi yapakati.

Ngati palibe ubwamuna, dzira limayamba kugwa. Mlingo wa estrogen ndi progesterone nawonso umatsika. Dzira limadutsa mthupi, komanso endometrium, munyengo yanu.

Ngati umuna utenga dzira, dzira limadzala mu chiberekero ndikuyamba kukula. Pakati pa mimba, chiberekero chimakulitsa kufikira nthawi zambiri kukula kwake. Akuyerekeza kuti chiberekero chitha kukwera ndi (pafupifupi mainchesi 0.4) sabata iliyonse.

Pa nthawi yobereka, chiberekero chimagwirizana. Izi zimathandizira kutsekula khomo lachiberekero ndikuthandizira pakubereka mwana.

Zinthu zomwe zingayambike

Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimatha kukhudza ziwalo zoberekera zazimayi. Tidzafufuza zina mwazomwe zili pansipa.

Matenda

Matenda osiyanasiyana opatsirana pogonana amatha kukhudza ziwalo zoberekera za akazi, kuphatikizapo:

• chinzonono
• chlamydia
• chindoko
• papillomavirus yaumunthu (HPV)
• kachilombo ka herpes simplex (HSV)
• HIV
• trichomoniasis

Matendawa sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Komabe, nthawi zina, kutupa, kupweteka, ndi kutuluka kwachilendo kumaliseche kumatha kupezeka. Matenda ena, monga HPV ndi HSV, amatha kuyambitsa zilonda kumaliseche.

Matenda opatsirana pogonana ambiri atha kukhala ndi zovuta zowopsa. Izi zitha kuphatikizira zinthu monga matenda otupa m'mimba (PID), kukula kwa khansa, kapena kupititsa kachilombo kwa mwana pobereka.

Chiberekero cha fibroids

Uterine fibroids imachitika pakakhala zosaopsa (zosayambitsa khansa) kapena pachiberekero. Izi zimatha kukula mosiyanasiyana. Mkazi atha kukhala ndi kachidutswa kamodzi kokha kapena amakhala ndi ma fibroid angapo.

Fibroids sizimayambitsa zizindikiro nthawi zonse. Akatero, mutha kukhala ndi zinthu monga kutaya magazi kwambiri nthawi yanu, kupweteka m'chiuno, komanso kukodza pafupipafupi.

Nthawi zambiri, ma fibroid samakhala owopsa. Komabe, nthawi zina zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta monga kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kapena kusabereka.

Endometriosis

Endometriosis ndipamene endometrium imakula m'malo ena osati mkati mwa chiberekero chanu. Zitha kukhudza kunja kwa chiberekero, thumba losunga mazira ndi mazira, kapena ziwalo zina m'chiuno.

Chizindikiro chofala kwambiri cha endometriosis ndi kupweteka kwa m'chiuno. Kupweteka kumeneku kumatha kukhala kwanthawi yayitali kapena kumatha kuchitika panthawi yogonana, munyengo yanu, kapena mukamapita kubafa. Chizindikiro china chodziwika ndikutuluka magazi pakati pa nthawi.

Endometriosis imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusabereka. Itha kulumikizananso ndi zinthu zina monga khansa zina ndimatenda amthupi.

Matenda a Polycystic ovary (PCOS)

PCOS ndi vuto lomwe limakhudza thumba losunga mazira. Zimayambitsidwa ndi kusalinganika kwa mahomoni obereka. Chifukwa cha ichi, mazira sangakule bwino kapena sangatulutsidwe kuchokera mchiberekero.

Zizindikiro zina za PCOS ndizosazolowereka, ziphuphu, komanso kunenepa. Zovuta za PCOS zitha kuphatikizira kusabereka, mavuto atakhala ndi pakati, komanso kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Ziphuphu zamchiberekero ndi tizilombo ta chiberekero

Ovarian cysts ndi ziphuphu zodzaza madzi zomwe zimatha kukhala m'mimba mwake ndipo nthawi zambiri sizimayambitsa zizindikiro pokhapokha zitaphulika kapena kulepheretsa magazi kupita m'mimba mwake. Amatha miyezi ingapo osalandira chithandizo.

Zilonda zamtundu wa chiberekero ndizotupa zopanda khansa zomwe zimatha kulowa mkati mwa chiberekero. Nthawi zambiri sizimayambitsa zizindikiro, koma mutha kuwona:

• kutuluka magazi mosakhazikika
• kutaya magazi kwambiri
• kutuluka kwa msambo pambuyo pake
• kuchulukirachulukira, komwe polyp amatuluka muchiberekero kudzera pachibelekeropo

Khansa

Khansa imatha kukhudza pafupifupi gawo lililonse la njira zoberekera zazimayi ndipo imatha kuphatikiza:

• khansa ya kumaliseche
• khansa ya kumaliseche
• khansa ya pachibelekero
• khansa ya chiberekero
• khansa yamchiberekero
• khansa yamatenda a mazira

Zizindikiro zamtundu uliwonse wa khansa zimatha kusiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wa khansa. Komabe, zizindikilo zina zofunika kuzisamalira zimatha kutulutsa magazi kapena kutulutsa magazi modzidzimutsa, kupweteka kwa m'chiuno kapena kukakamizidwa, komanso kusintha pakhungu lamaliseche.

Zina mwazinthu zitha kukulitsa chiopsezo cha khansa yobereka, monga HPV, kusuta, kapena kukhala ndi mbiri yapa khansa yobereka.

Kusabereka

Kusabereka kumatanthauza kulephera kutenga pakati patatha chaka kuyesera. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti zonse zazimuna ndi zachikazi zimatha kuthandizira kusabereka.

Kwa akazi, zinthu zotsatirazi zingayambitse kusabereka:

• zinthu zomwe zimakhudza ovulation, monga PCOS kapena kusakwanira kwamasamba msanga (POI)
• kuwonongeka kwa machubu chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana pogonana kapena zipsera zochitidwa opaleshoni yapita
• mavuto a chiberekero, monga fibroids kapena chiberekero chopangidwa modabwitsa

Zina mwazinthu zitha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha mayi kusabereka. Zitsanzo zimaphatikizapo kukalamba, kusuta, komanso kupsinjika kwamaganizidwe kapena thupi.

Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala

Ndi lamulo labwino kupangana ndi dokotala kuti mukakambirane mafunso aliwonse kapena nkhawa zomwe mungakhale nazo zokhudzana ndi thanzi lanu lobereka kapena kubereka.

Kuonjezerapo, zizindikiro zina zomwe zingakhale zabwino kuitanira dokotala ndi izi:

• kukhala osakwana zaka 35 ndipo osatha kutenga pakati patatha chaka chimodzi ndikuyesera
• kukhala wazaka 35 kapena kupitilira apo ndipo osatha kutenga pakati pakatha miyezi 6 ndikuyesera
• nthawi zopweteka
• zowawa panthawi yogonana
• Kutuluka magazi kwachilendo, kuphatikizapo kutaya magazi kwambiri nthawi yanu, kutuluka magazi pakati pa msambo, kapena kutuluka magazi mutatha kusamba
• kutulutsa kwachilendo kwachilendo, makamaka ngati kuli ndi khungu kapena fungo losazolowereka
• kufiira, kutupa, kapena kusapeza bwino kumaliseche kapena nyini
• zilonda zosafotokozedwa, zotupa, kapena zotupa mozungulira kumaliseche kwanu kapena kumaliseche
• kupweteka kapena kupanikizika m'chiuno mwanu komwe kumamveka kosiyana ndi kukhumudwa kwanu kwanthawi
• Zizindikiro za matenda amkodzo, monga kukodza pafupipafupi kapena kutentha pamtima mukakodza

Mfundo yofunika

Njira yoberekera yaikazi imakhala ndi magawo ambiri. Ziwalozi zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuchita zinthu zambiri, monga kupanga mazira ndi mahomoni, kukhalabe ndi pakati, komanso kuthandizira kubereka.

Pali zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingakhudze ziwalo zoberekera zazimayi, zina zomwe zimatha kubweretsa zovuta zina. Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikilo monga kupweteka kwa m'chiuno, kutuluka mwazi kwachilendo, kapena zotupa zosamveka, pita nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala wanu.