Matenda a Myeloid Leukemia: ndi chiyani, zimayambitsa, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti
• Zomwe zingayambitse
• Zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi
• Kodi matendawa ndi ati?
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• 1. Mankhwala
• 2. Kuika mafuta m'mafupa
• 3. Chemotherapy
• 4. Mankhwala a Interferon

Matenda a Myeloid Leukemia (CML) ndi khansa yosawerengeka ya magazi yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini am'magazi, kuwapangitsa kuti agawane mwachangu kuposa ma cell wamba.

Chithandizochi chitha kuchitidwa ndi mankhwala, kumuika mafuta m'mafupa, chemotherapy kapena kudzera munjira zachilengedwe, kutengera kukula kwa vutolo kapena munthu amene akufuna kulandira chithandizo.

Mwayi wochiritsidwa nthawi zambiri umakhala wokwanira, koma umatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera kukula kwa matendawa, komanso zaka komanso thanzi la munthu amene wakhudzidwa. Kawirikawiri, mankhwala omwe amachiritsidwa bwino ndimafupa am'mafupa, koma anthu ambiri sangayenerere kupita kuchipatala.

Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti

Zizindikiro zomwe zingachitike kwa anthu omwe ali ndi Matenda a Myeloid Leukemia ndi awa:

• Kutuluka magazi pafupipafupi;
• Kutopa;
• Malungo;
• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa chomveka;
• Kutaya njala;
• Ululu pansipa nthiti, kumanzere;
• Zovuta;
• Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri usiku.

Matendawa sawulula zizindikilo zoyambirira msanga ndipo ndichifukwa chake ndizotheka kukhala ndi matendawa kwa miyezi kapena zaka munthuyo osazindikira.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Maselo aumunthu amakhala ndi ma chromosomes awiriawiri, omwe ali ndi DNA yokhala ndi majini omwe amalowerera pakuwongolera ma cell amthupi. Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi Matenda a Myeloid a m'magazi, m'maselo amwazi, gawo la chromosome 9 limasintha malo okhala ndi chromosome 22, ndikupanga chromosome yayifupi kwambiri 22, yotchedwa chromosome ya Philadelphia komanso chromosome yayitali kwambiri 9.

Chromosome iyi ya ku Philadelphia imapanga jini yatsopano, ndipo majini a chromosome 9 ndi 22 kenako amapanga jini yatsopano yotchedwa BCR-ABL, yomwe imakhala ndi malangizo omwe amauza khungu latsopanoli kuti lipange protein yambiri yotchedwa tyrosine kinase. kumayambitsa kupangidwa kwa khansa polola kuti ma cell angapo amwazi atuluke, ndikuwononga mafupa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi

Zomwe zingayambitse chiopsezo chotenga Matenda a Myeloid Leukemia ndizokalamba, kukhala amuna komanso kuwonetsedwa ndi radiation, monga mankhwala a radiation omwe amathandizira mitundu ina ya khansa.

Kodi matendawa ndi ati?

Nthawi zambiri, ngati matendawa akukayikiridwa, kapena pamene kapena zina mwazizindikiro zikuchitika, matenda amapangidwa omwe amapangidwa ndikuwunika kwakuthupi, monga kuwunika zizindikilo zofunika ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kupindika kwa ma lymph node, ndulu ndi mimba, mkati njira yodziwira zovuta zomwe zingachitike.

Kuphatikiza apo, zimakhalanso zachizolowezi kwa dokotala kuti apereke mayeso a magazi, moyesera fupa la m'mafupa, lomwe nthawi zambiri limachotsedwa m'chiuno mwa fupa, ndi mayeso ena apadera, monga fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis and polymerase chain reaction test, yomwe imawunika magazi kapena mafupa a mafupa kupezeka kwa chromosome ya Philadelphia kapena mtundu wa BCR-ABL.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Cholinga chothandizira matendawa ndikuchotsa maselo amwazi omwe ali ndi jini yosazolowereka, yomwe imapangitsa kuti pakhale maselo ambiri amwazi. Kwa anthu ena sizingatheke kuthetsa maselo onse omwe ali ndi matendawa, koma chithandizo chitha kuthandiza kuchiza matendawa.

1. Mankhwala

Mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa tyrosine kinase atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, monga Imatinib, Dasatinib, Nilotinib, Bosutinib kapena Ponatinib, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala mankhwala oyamba kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa.

Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zingayambitsidwe ndi mankhwalawa ndikutupa kwa khungu, nseru, kukokana kwa minofu, kutopa, kutsegula m'mimba komanso khungu.

2. Kuika mafuta m'mafupa

Kuika mafuta m'mafupa ndiye njira yokhayo yothandizira yomwe imatsimikizira kuchiritsidwa kwanthawi zonse kwa matenda a Myeloid Leukemia. Komabe, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa anthu omwe samvera mankhwala ena chifukwa njirayi ili ndi zoopsa ndipo imatha kubweretsa zovuta zina.

3. Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mankhwala a Matenda a Myeloid Leukemia ndipo zotsatirapo zake zimadalira mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiritsira. Dziwani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chemotherapy komanso momwe zimachitikira.

4. Mankhwala a Interferon

Njira zochizira zachilengedwe zimagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha mthupi kuthandiza kulimbana ndi khansa pogwiritsa ntchito mapuloteni otchedwa interferon, omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa kukula kwa zotupa. Njira imeneyi itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ena sakugwira ntchito kapena mwa anthu omwe sangathe kumwa mankhwala ena, monga amayi apakati, mwachitsanzo.

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri pachithandizochi ndikutopa, kutentha thupi, zizindikiro ngati chimfine komanso kuwonda.