Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Ngati Mukugwidwa Ndi Gallbladder Attack

Zamkati

• Kodi ndikumenyedwa ndi ndulu?
• Kodi ndulu ndi chiyani?
• Kodi angakhale miyala yamtengo wapatali?
• Nanga bwanji zovuta zina za ndulu zomwe zimapweteka?
• Zizindikiro za kuukira kwa ndulu
• Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala
• Chithandizo cha ndulu
• Mankhwala
• Opaleshoni
• Kupewa kuwukira kwina
• Maganizo ake ndi otani?

Kodi ndikumenyedwa ndi ndulu?

Kuukira kwa ndulu kumatchedwanso kuti gallstone attack, pachimake cholecystitis, kapena biliary colic. Ngati muli ndi ululu kumtunda chakumanja kwa mimba yanu, itha kukhala yokhudzana ndi ndulu yanu. Kumbukirani kuti palinso zifukwa zina zopweteka m'derali. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• kutentha pamtima (GERD)
• zilonda zapakhosi
• chiwindi (kutupa kwa chiwindi)
• zilonda zam'mimba (m'mimba)
• chibayo
• chophukacho
• matenda a impso
• impso miyala
• chiwindi abscess
• kapamba (kapamba kutupa)
• matenda a shingles
• kudzimbidwa kwakukulu

Kodi ndulu ndi chiyani?

Nduluyo ndi thumba laling'ono kumtunda chakumanja, kumunsi kwa chiwindi. Chimawoneka ngati peyala wammbali. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikusunga pafupifupi 50% ya ndulu (ndulu) yomwe imapangidwa ndi chiwindi.

Thupi lanu limafunikira bile kuti lithandizire kuwononga mafuta. Madzi awa amakuthandizaninso kuyamwa mavitamini ena pazakudya. Mukamadya zakudya zamafuta, bile imatulutsidwa kuchokera mu ndulu ndi chiwindi m'matumbo. Chakudya chimagayidwa m'matumbo.

Kodi angakhale miyala yamtengo wapatali?

Miyala yamiyala ndi "miyala" yaying'ono, yolimba yopangidwa ndi mafuta, mapuloteni, ndi mchere m'thupi lanu. Kuukira kwa ndulu kumachitika pomwe ma gallstones amatseka bile kapena chubu. Izi zikachitika, bile imakhazikika mu ndulu.

Kutseka ndi kutupa kumayambitsa kupweteka. Chiwembucho chimayima pomwe ma gallstones amasuntha ndipo bile imatha kutuluka.

Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yamiyala:

• Mafuta a cholesterol. Izi zimapanga mitundu yodziwika kwambiri yamiyala. Amawoneka oyera kapena achikaso chifukwa amapangidwa ndi cholesterol kapena mafuta.
• Ma gallstones achikuda. Ma gallstones awa amapangidwa pomwe bile yanu ili ndi bilirubin yochulukirapo. Zimakhala zofiirira kapena zakuda. Bilirubin ndi pigment kapena mtundu womwe umapangitsa maselo ofiira ofiira.

Mutha kukhala ndi ma gallstones osagwidwa ndi ndulu. Ku United States, pafupifupi 9% ya azimayi ndi 6 peresenti ya amuna ali ndi ndulu zopanda zisonyezo. Miyala yamiyala yomwe siyimitsa ndulu ya bile nthawi zambiri siyimayambitsa zisonyezo.

Nanga bwanji zovuta zina za ndulu zomwe zimapweteka?

Mitundu ina ya mavuto a ndulu omwe angayambitse ululu ndi awa:

• cholangitis (bile duct kutupa)
• kutsekedwa kwa ndulu
• kuphulika kwa ndulu
• acalculous ndulu matenda kapena ndulu dyskinesia
• tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ndulu
• khansa ya ndulu

Zizindikiro za kuukira kwa ndulu

Kuukira kwa ndulu kumachitika mukangodya chakudya chachikulu. Izi zimachitika chifukwa thupi lanu limapanga bile yambiri mukamadya zakudya zamafuta. Mutha kukhala ndi chiwonetsero chamadzulo.

Ngati mwadwalapo ndulu, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi wina. Ululu wokhudzana ndi ndulu umasiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu ina yam'mimba. Mutha kukhala ndi:

• kupweteka kwadzidzidzi komanso kwakuthwa komwe kumatenga mphindi mpaka maola
• kupweteka kosautsa kapena kupweteka komwe kumakula msanga kumtunda chakumanja kwa mimba yanu
• ululu wakuthwa pakati pamimba, pansi pamunsi pa fupa la bere
• kupweteka kwambiri komwe kumapangitsa kukhala kovuta kukhala chete
• zowawa zomwe sizikuipiraipira kapena kusintha mukamayenda
• kukoma m'mimba

Ululu wokhudzana ndi ndulu umatha kufalikira kuchokera pamimba kupita ku:

• kumbuyo pakati pa masamba anu amapewa
• phewa lamanja

Muthanso kukhala ndi zizindikilo zina za ndulu, monga:

• nseru
• kusanza
• malungo
• kuzizira
• khungu ndi diso chikasu
• mkodzo wamdima kapena wa tiyi
• matumbo opepuka kapena owoneka ndi dongo

Kuukira kwa ndulu kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zina, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo zina. Mwachitsanzo, zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto a chiwindi. Izi zimachitika chifukwa kutseka kwa ngalande kumatha kubweretsanso bile m'chiwindi. Izi zitha kuyambitsa matenda a chikasu ndi khungu lanu loyera komanso maso anu oyera.

Nthawi zina miyala yamtengo wapatali imatha kulepheretsa njira zopita ku kapamba. Mphunoyi imapanganso timadziti tothandiza kugaya chakudya timene timakuthandizani kuswa chakudya. Kutsekedwa kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zotchedwa gallstone pancreatitis. Zizindikiro zimakhala zofanana ndi ndulu. Muthanso kukhala ndi ululu kumtunda chakumanzere chakumanzere.

Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala

Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa atatu mwa anthu aliwonse omwe ali ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali amadzavutika ndi ndulu kapena zizindikiritso zazikulu. Kuukira kwa ndulu ndi vuto lachipatala lomwe limafunikira chisamaliro mwachangu. Mungafunike chithandizo kuti mupewe zovuta.

Osanyalanyaza zowawa, ndipo musayese kudzipangira mankhwalawa ndi othetsa ululu owonjezera. Funani thandizo kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi zina mwazizindikiro za ndulu:

• kupweteka kwambiri
• malungo akulu
• kuzizira
• chikasu chachikopa
• chikasu cha azungu a maso anu

Chithandizo cha ndulu

Poyamba, dokotala amakupatsani mankhwala azowawa kuti athandizire kuchepetsa ululu. Muthanso kupatsidwa mankhwala oletsa kunyansidwa kuti athandizire kuthana ndi matenda.Ngati dokotala akuwona kuti mutha kupita kwanu popanda chithandizo china, mungafunenso kuyesa njira zachilengedwe zopewera ululu.

Kugonjetsedwa kwanu kwa ndulu kungathe kumatha nokha. Izi zitha kuchitika ngati ma gallstones adutsa bwinobwino osayambitsa zovuta. Mufunikirabe ulendo wotsatira ndi dokotala wanu.

Mungafunike kuyesedwa ndi mayeso kuti mutsimikizire kuti ululuwo umachokera ku ndulu. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• akupanga
• X-ray m'mimba
• Kujambula kwa CT
• chiwindi chimagwira ntchito kuyesa magazi
• Kujambula kwa HIDA

Mimba ya ultrasound ndiyo njira yofala komanso yachangu kwambiri kwa dokotala kuti awone ngati muli ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali.

Mankhwala

Mankhwala am'kamwa otchedwa ursodeoxycholic acid, omwe amatchedwanso ursodiol (Actigall, Urso), amathandizira kupukusa miyala yamtundu wa cholesterol. Kungakhale koyenera kwa inu ngati ululu wanu umatha wokha kapena mulibe zizindikiro. Imagwira pa ma gallstones ochepa omwe ndi 2 mpaka 3 millimeter kukula kokha.

Mankhwalawa amatha kutenga miyezi kuti agwire ntchito, ndipo mungafunike kuwamwa kwa zaka ziwiri. Miyala yamiyala imatha kubwerera mukasiya kumwa mankhwala.

Opaleshoni

Mungafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni ngati kupweteka sikukucheperako kapena ngati mwayambiranso. Mankhwala opangira opangira ndulu ndi awa:

Cholecystectomy. Opaleshoniyi imachotsa ndulu yonse. Zimakulepheretsani kuti mukhale ndi miyala yam'mimba kapena ndulu. Mudzakhala mukugona pa ndondomekoyi. Mufunikira masiku angapo mpaka milungu ingapo kuti muchiritse opaleshoni.

Opaleshoni ya gallbladder itha kuchitidwa ndi ma keyhole (laparoscope) kapena opaleshoni yotseguka.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Ku ERCP, mudzagona pansi pa anesthesia. Dokotala wanu adzadutsa malo owonda kwambiri, osinthasintha ndi kamera pakamwa panu mpaka pakatsegulira bile.

Njirayi itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza ndikuchotsa ma gallstones mumtsinje. Sizingathe kuchotsa miyala mu ndulu. Mufunika nthawi yocheperako chifukwa nthawi zambiri pamakhala kudula mu ERCP.

Percutaneous cholecystostomy chubu. Iyi ndi njira yochitira opaleshoni ya ndulu. Mukakhala kuti mukudwala anesthesia, chubu chimayikidwa mu ndulu yanu kudzera pakucheka pang'ono m'mimba mwanu. Zithunzi za Ultrasound kapena X-ray zimathandiza kutsogolera dokotalayo. Chitubu chimalumikizidwa ndi thumba. Miyala yamiyala ndi ndulu zowonjezera zimalowa mchikwama.

Kupewa kuwukira kwina

Miyala yamiyala imatha kukhala majini. Komabe, mutha kusintha zina ndi zina pamoyo wanu kuti muchepetse ziwopsezo zopezera ndulu komanso kukhala ndi ndulu.

• Kuchepetsa thupi. Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri kapena wonenepa kwambiri kumaonjezera ngozi. Izi ndichifukwa choti zimatha kupangitsa kuti cholesterol yanu ikhale yolemera kwambiri.
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikusuntha. Kukhala moyo wopanda ntchito kapena kuthera nthawi yochulukirapo mukukhala pachiwopsezo.
• Khalani ndi moyo wabwino pang'ono pang'ono. Kuchepetsa thupi mwachangu kumawonjezera ngozi yanu yamiyala. Izi zimachitika chifukwa kuchepa msanga kumapangitsa chiwindi kupanga cholesterol. Pewani kuyesa kudya zakudya zosavomerezeka, kudya zakudya zopanda pake, komanso kumwa zochepetsera kunenepa.

Khalani ndi chakudya chamagulu tsiku lililonse komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti muchepetse thupi. Chakudya chothandizira kupewa ma gallstones chimaphatikizapo kupewa mafuta osapatsa thanzi komanso zakudya zotsekemera kapena zowuma. Idyani zakudya zambiri zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa cholesterol. Izi zimaphatikizapo zakudya zamtundu wapamwamba, monga:

• masamba atsopano ndi achisanu
• zipatso zatsopano, zachisanu, komanso zouma
• mikate yambewu yonse ndi pasitala
• mpunga wabulauni
• mphodza
• nyemba
• Kinoya
• msuwani

Maganizo ake ndi otani?

Ngati muli ndi vuto la ndulu, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zopewera kukhala ndi wina. Mungafunike opaleshoni yochotsa ndulu. Mutha kukhala ndi chimbudzi choyenera, chopanda ndulu.

Dziwani kuti mutha kupeza ma gallstones ngakhale mutadya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Simungathe kuwongolera zoyambitsa monga:

• ma genetics (ma gallstones amayenda m'banja)
• kukhala wamkazi (estrogen imalimbikitsa cholesterol mu bile)
• kukhala wopitilira zaka 40 (cholesterol imakula ndi zaka)
• kukhala ndi cholowa ku America kapena ku Mexico (mafuko ena ndi mafuko ena amakonda kuponya ndulu)

Zinthu zomwe zingayambitse chiopsezo cha ndulu ndi:

• mtundu wa 1 shuga
• mtundu wa 2 shuga
• Matenda a Crohn

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi mbiriyakale yamiyendo yabanja kapena ngati muli ndi choopsa chimodzi kapena zingapo. Ultrasound ingakuthandizeni kudziwa ngati muli ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali. Ngati mwadwalapo ndulu, pitani kuchipatala kuti mukalandire malangizo, ngakhale simunafune chithandizo.