Kuchepa kwaubongo: zizindikiro, zoyambitsa komanso zotheka sequelae

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Kodi kutaya magazi kumatulutsa sequelae?
• Zimayambitsa kukha mwazi kwa ubongo
• Momwe matendawa amapangidwira
• Momwe muyenera kuchitira
• Mitundu yayikulu yamatenda am'magazi
• 1. Intraparenchymal kapena intracerebral kukha mwazi
• 2. Kutaya magazi m'mitsempha
• 3. Subarachnoid kukha magazi
• 4. Kutaya magazi pang'ono
• 5. Kutuluka magazi mwadzidzidzi

Kuchepa kwa ubongo ndi mtundu wa sitiroko (stroke), womwe umatchedwanso sitiroko, momwe magazi amatuluka mozungulira kapena mkati mwaubongo chifukwa chakuthyoka kwa mtsempha wamagazi, nthawi zambiri mtsempha wamaubongo. Dziwani zambiri za sitiroko yamagazi.

Ndi chochitika chachikulu, chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi kupwetekedwa pamutu, komwe kumatha kupangitsa munthuyo kukhala wopanda chidziwitso, kuphatikiza pakumva nseru, kusanza, kutsika kwa mtima komanso kuchepa kwa thupi.

Matendawa amapangidwa ndimayeso ojambula, monga computed tomography, magnetic resonance ndi angiography yokhala kapena yopanda kusiyanitsa. Nthawi zina, adokotala amatha kupemphanso lumbar.

Chithandizo cha kutaya magazi muubongo nthawi zambiri chimakhala cha opaleshoni, ndipo cholinga chake ndi kuchotsa magazi ndi matumbo kuti muchepetse kupanikizika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha magazi.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za kutaya magazi m'matumbo zimadalira kukula kwa magazi ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala:

• Kumva koopsa komanso kwadzidzidzi komwe kumatha masiku;
• Dzanzi kapena kumva kulasalasa mbali iliyonse ya thupi;
• Kusanza;
• Kutaya malire;
• Kunjenjemera m'manja;
• Kuchepetsa kugunda kwa mtima;
• Kufooka kwakukulu;
• Kutupa kwa gawo la mitsempha yamawonedwe, komwe kumatha kubweretsa masomphenya amdima kwa masekondi ochepa, kuchepa kwa masomphenya kapena khungu;

M'mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri, pakhoza kukhalanso ndi khunyu mwadzidzidzi kapena kutaya kwakukulu komanso kwakanthawi kwakanthawi komwe munthu sangathe kuyankha pazomwe zimayambitsa.

Kodi kutaya magazi kumatulutsa sequelae?

Atatuluka magazi, anthu ena atha kukhala ndi sequelae, monga kuvuta kuyankhula, kumeza, kuyenda, kuchita zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku kapena akhoza kukhala olumala.

Zizindikiro zoyamba za kukha mwazi ziwonekere, muyenera kupita kwa dokotala mwachangu kuti akalandire chithandizo, popeza kuopsa kwa sequelae kumadalira kuchuluka kwa magazi.

Njira yabwino yopewera kupezeka kwa magazi m'magazi ndipo, chifukwa chake, kutsatira kwake, ndikuchita zolimbitsa thupi ndikukhala ndi chakudya chopatsa thanzi, chopanda mafuta ndi mchere.

Zimayambitsa kukha mwazi kwa ubongo

Zomwe zimayambitsa kukha mwazi mu ubongo ndizopweteketsa mutu, komabe palinso zina zomwe zingathandize kukhetsa magazi, monga:

• Kuthamanga;
• Zinthu zobadwa nazo;
• Kumwa mowa;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga cocaine ndi amphetamine;
• Angloopathy ya Amyloid, komwe ndi kutupa kwa zotengera zing'onozing'ono muubongo;
• Matenda amwazi, monga thrombocythemia ndi hemophilia, omwe amalepheretsa kuundana;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito maanticoagulants, chifukwa amalepheretsa kuundana, komwe kumatha kukhetsa magazi;
• Zotupa zamaubongo.

Chifukwa china chofala cha kukha mwazi muubongo ndi aneurysm, yomwe imakulitsa m'mitsempha yamagazi. Kuchulukaku kumapangitsa kuti makoma a chotengera ichi azikhala ofooka komanso osalimba, ndipo amatha kutuluka nthawi iliyonse, ndikutuluka magazi.

Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha aneurysm ndikumutu. Anthu ena amati amatentha, ngati kuti pali kutayikira kwina. Phunzirani zambiri za zizindikilo ndi chithandizo cha matenda a aneurysm.

Momwe matendawa amapangidwira

Matendawa amapangidwa ndimayeso ojambula, monga maginito resonance, computed tomography ndi angiography ndi kapena popanda kusiyana.

Kujambula kwa maginito kumapangitsa kuwona kwa edema mozungulira chotupacho, motero, ndizotheka kudziwa kukula kwa chotupacho. Komano, tomography, ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti dokotala athe kuwunika kukha magazi ndipo, motero, amasiyanitsa sitiroko yotulutsa magazi ndi sitiroko ya ischemic. Onani zomwe zimayambitsa sitiroko komanso momwe mungapewere.

Angiography ndiyeso loyesa lomwe limathandizira kuwona kwamkati mwa mitsempha, mawonekedwe, kupezeka kwa zolakwika ndi kuzindikira kwa aneurysm, mwachitsanzo, kumatha kuyesedwa. Mvetsetsani momwe zimachitikira komanso momwe angiography ilili.

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi kutaya magazi muubongo, komabe, amawonetsa zotsatira zabwinobwino pa MRI kapena computed tomography. Chifukwa chake, adotolo atha kupempha kuti azibowola lumbar, komwe ndiko kuchotsa madzimadzi m'matumbo a m'chiuno, kuti athe kuyesa CSF, popeza mu magazi am'magazi mumakhala magazi mu CSF.

Momwe muyenera kuchitira

Chithandizo cha kutaya magazi muubongo nthawi zambiri chimachitidwa ndi opaleshoni kuchotsa magazi ndi kuundana ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika kwaubongo komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi kutuluka kwa magazi.

Kuphatikiza pa opareshoni, chithandizo chamankhwala ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, khunyu ndi matenda omwe atha kuwonetsedwa ndi dokotala. Zikakhala zovuta kwambiri, kuwonjezeranso magazi kumatha kuwonetsedwa.

Kupititsa patsogolo moyo wabwino mukamatuluka magazi muubongo ndikupewa kuvulala ndikofunikira kupita kwa othandizira kapena othandizira pantchito. Onani momwe kuchira pambuyo poti sitiroko ili.

Mitundu yayikulu yamatenda am'magazi

Kuchulukitsa magazi kumakwiyitsa minofu yaubongo ndipo kumabweretsa mapangidwe a edema, komwe ndiko kudzikundikira kwamadzi. Kuchulukitsa magazi ndi madzi kumawonjezera kupanikizika kwa minofu yaubongo, kumachepetsa kuyenderera kwa magazi kudzera mumanjenje ndikupangitsa kuti maselo am'magazi afe. Kutaya magazi m'mimba kumatha kugawidwa malinga ndi komwe kumachitika:

1. Intraparenchymal kapena intracerebral kukha mwazi

Kutaya magazi kwamtunduwu kumachitika kwambiri mwa okalamba ndipo ndipamene magaziwo amakhala mkati mwa ubongo. Ndi mtundu woopsa kwambiri, komanso wofala kwambiri pakati pa anthu. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha zotupa, kusokonekera kwa magazi ndi ziwiya zolakwika.

2. Kutaya magazi m'mitsempha

Kutuluka kwa magazi m'mitsempha kumachitika m'mitsempha yamaubongo, yomwe ndi minyewa muubongo momwe kupanga madzi amadzimadzi kumachitika. Kutaya magazi kwamtunduwu kumachitika m'makhanda obadwa asanakwane, m'maola 48 oyamba atabadwa, komanso omwe anali ndi zovuta pobadwa, monga kupuma kwamatenda, komwe mwana amabadwira ndi mapapo osakhwima, kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kugwa kwamapapu, komwe ndi vuto la kupuma momwe mulibe mpweya wokwanira. Dziwani zambiri zakugwa kwamapapu.

3. Subarachnoid kukha magazi

Kutuluka magazi nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa aneurysm, koma kumatha kukhala chifukwa chakumenyedwa, ndipo kumadziwika ndikutuluka magazi mkatikati mwa magawo awiri amadzimadzi, arachnoid komanso mater omwewo.

Kutalika kwanthawi yayitali, arachnoid komanso mater ndizomwe zimakhala zam'mimba, zomwe ndi nembanemba zomwe zimatchinjiriza komanso kuteteza dongosolo lamanjenje. Kutaya magazi kwa Subarachnoid nthawi zambiri kumachitika mwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 20 ndi 40.

4. Kutaya magazi pang'ono

Kutaya magazi pang'ono kumachitika pakatikati pa dura ndi arachnoid zigawo za meninges ndipo ndiye zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri.

5. Kutuluka magazi mwadzidzidzi

Kutuluka magazi kumeneku kumachitika pakati pa dura ndi chigaza ndipo kumakhala kofala kwambiri kwa ana ndi achinyamata chifukwa cha kusweka kwa chigaza.