Mankhwala a HIV / AIDS

Zamkati

• Chidule
• Kodi HIV / AIDS ndi chiyani?
• Kodi ma ARV ndi chiyani?
• Kodi mankhwala a HIV / AIDS amagwira ntchito bwanji?
• Kodi mitundu ya mankhwala a HIV / AIDS ndi iti?
• Ndiyenera kuyamba liti kumwa mankhwala a HIV / AIDS?
• Ndi chiyani china chomwe ndiyenera kudziwa chokhudza kumwa mankhwala a HIV / AIDS?
• Kodi mankhwala a HIV PrEP ndi PEP ndi ati?

Chidule

Kodi HIV / AIDS ndi chiyani?

HIV imayimira kachilombo ka HIV m'thupi. Zimapweteketsa chitetezo cha mthupi mwanu powononga ma CD4. Awa ndi mtundu wamaselo oyera omwe amalimbana ndi matenda. Kutayika kwa maselowa kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti thupi lanu lizilimbana ndi matenda komanso khansa zina zokhudzana ndi HIV.

Popanda chithandizo, HIV imatha kuwononga chitetezo cha mthupi pang'onopang'ono mpaka kufalikira ku Edzi. Edzi imaimira matenda a immunodeficiency syndrome.Ndi gawo lomaliza la kutenga kachirombo ka HIV. Sikuti aliyense amene ali ndi HIV amadwala Edzi.

Kodi ma ARV ndi chiyani?

Mankhwala a HIV / AIDS ndi mankhwala amatchedwa antiretroviral therapy (ART). Ndikofunika kwa aliyense amene ali ndi HIV. Mankhwalawa samachiza kutenga kachirombo ka HIV, koma amawapangitsa kuti akhale okhazikika. Amachepetsanso chiopsezo chofalitsa kachilomboka kwa ena.

Kodi mankhwala a HIV / AIDS amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Mankhwala a HIV / AIDS amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kachirombo ka HIV m'thupi lanu, kamene kamathandiza

• Kupatsa chitetezo chamthupi chanu mwayi wochira. Ngakhale pali kachilombo ka HIV mthupi lanu, chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chiyenera kukhala cholimba mokwanira kulimbana ndi matenda ndi khansa zina zokhudzana ndi HIV.
• Kuchepetsa chiopsezo choti mungafalitse kachilombo ka HIV kwa ena

Kodi mitundu ya mankhwala a HIV / AIDS ndi iti?

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala a HIV / AIDS. Ena amagwira ntchito potseka kapena kusintha michere yomwe HIV imayenera kudzipanga yokha. Izi zimalepheretsa HIV kuti isadzitsanzire, zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kachilombo ka HIV mthupi. Mankhwala angapo amachita izi:

• Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) lembani enzyme yotchedwa reverse transcriptase
• Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) mangani ndikusintha reverse transcriptase
• Kuphatikiza zoletsa lembani enzyme yotchedwa integrase
• Ma Protease inhibitors (PIs) lembani enzyme yotchedwa protease

Mankhwala ena a HIV / AIDS amalepheretsa kachilombo ka HIV kupatsira maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi:

• Fusion inhibitors kulepheretsa HIV kuti isalowe m'maselo
• Otsutsa a CCR5 ndi zoletsa zotsalira pambuyo pake lekani ma molekyulu osiyanasiyana pama CD4. Kupatsira khungu, kachilombo ka HIV kamayenera kumangirira mitundu iwiri ya mamolekyulu pamtunda. Kulepheretsa iliyonse mwa mamolekyuwa kumathandiza kuti HIV isalowe m'maselo.
• Zowonjezera zoletsa khalani ndi mapuloteni ena akunja kwa HIV. Izi zimalepheretsa HIV kulowa mchipinda.

Nthawi zina, anthu amatenga mankhwala oposa amodzi:

• Opititsa patsogolo ma Pharmacokinetic Kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya mankhwala ena a HIV / AIDS. Makina opanga mankhwala amathandizira kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala ena. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mankhwalawa azikhala mthupi nthawi yayitali kwambiri.
• Kuphatikiza kwamankhwala ambiri Phatikizani mankhwala awiri kapena angapo osiyana a HIV / AIDS

Ndiyenera kuyamba liti kumwa mankhwala a HIV / AIDS?

Ndikofunika kuyamba kumwa mankhwala a HIV / AIDS mwachangu mukazindikira, makamaka ngati

• Ali ndi pakati
• Mukhale ndi Edzi
• Khalani ndi matenda ena okhudzana ndi kachirombo ka HIV
• Mukhale ndi kachilombo koyambitsa kachirombo ka HIV (miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira mutapatsidwa kachilombo ka HIV)

Ndi chiyani china chomwe ndiyenera kudziwa chokhudza kumwa mankhwala a HIV / AIDS?

Ndikofunika kumwa mankhwala anu tsiku lililonse, malinga ndi malangizo ochokera kwa omwe amakuthandizani azaumoyo. Ngati mwaphonya mlingo kapena simukutsatira ndandanda yanthawi zonse, chithandizo chanu sichingagwire ntchito, ndipo kachilombo ka HIV kakhoza kulimbana ndi mankhwala.

Mankhwala a HIV amatha kuyambitsa mavuto ena. Zambiri mwa zotsatirazi ndizotheka, koma zochepa zimakhala zoyipa. Uzani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu za zovuta zilizonse zomwe mukukumana nazo. Osasiya kumwa mankhwala anu musanalankhule ndi omwe akukuthandizani. Angakupatseni maupangiri amomwe mungathetsere zovuta. Nthawi zina, omwe amakupatsani akhoza kusankha kusintha mankhwala anu.

Kodi mankhwala a HIV PrEP ndi PEP ndi ati?

Mankhwala a HIV sagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha ngati mankhwala. Anthu ena amawatenga kuti ateteze HIV. PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) ndi ya anthu omwe alibe kachilombo ka HIV koma ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilomboka. PEP (post-exposure prophylaxis) ndi ya anthu omwe atha kutenga kachilombo ka HIV.

NIH: Ofesi ya Kafukufuku wa Edzi