Kalozera Wanu Wamomwe Mungapangire Bin ya Kompositi

Zamkati

• Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Manyowa Pa Zomera
• Kodi Kompositi Ndi Chiyani Kwenikweni?
• Momwe Mungapangire Bin Yanyumba
• Momwe Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Kompositi
• Momwe Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Manyowa Ngati Simulima
• Onaninso za

Zikafika pachakudya, aliyense akuyesera kuti apindule kwambiri ndi zomwe ali nazo pakadali pano, kupewa maulendo obwera kugolosale (kapena kulembetsa kugulitsa), kupanga zaluso ndi zakudya zazing'ono, ndikuyesera kuchepetsa kuwononga chakudya. Ngakhale mutatenga zidutswa za chakudya chanu momwe zingathere pokhapokha (mwachitsanzo, kupanga "ma cocktails" pamatumba a zipatso kapena zikopa zamasamba zotsalira), mutha kupita pang'ono, kuwagwiritsa ntchito kompositi m'malo mwake kuposa kuponyera zinyalala.

Nanga kompositi ndi chiyani, chimodzimodzi? Ndi chisakanizo cha zinthu zovunda zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira feteleza kapena nthaka yocheperako, kapena pang'ono, dimba lanu kapena mbewu zoumba, malinga ndi Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Ndikosavuta kuposa momwe zimamvekera kupanga kabuku ka kompositi, ngakhale mutakhala ochepa pamlengalenga. Ndipo ayi, sizidzatha kununkhiza nyumba yanu. Umu ndi momwe kompositi ingathandizire, momwe mungapangire compost bin, komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito kompositi yanu.

Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Manyowa Pa Zomera

Kaya muli kale wolima dimba wokhala ndi chala chobiriwira chokha kapena mukungoyesa kusunga fern yanu yoyamba, kompositi ndiyabwino zonse zomera chifukwa zimamanga zakudya m'nthaka. "Monga momwe timadyera yogati kapena kimchi, zomwe zimathandiza kuthyolako matumbo athu ndi mabakiteriya opindulitsa, ndikuwonjezera kompositi m'nthaka yanu ndikuiziziritsa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambirimbiri tomwe timathandiza kuti mbeu zanu zizikhala zathanzi," akufotokoza Tucker Taylor, walimi wamkulu wophikira ku Kendall-Jackson Wine Malo & Minda ku Sonoma, California. Taylor akuti nthawi zonse amapanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito kompositi m'minda yomwe amayang'anira.

Kodi Kompositi Ndi Chiyani Kwenikweni?

Pali zinthu zitatu zikuluzikulu za kompositi: madzi, nayitrogeni, ndi kaboni, zomwe kumapeto kwake zimatchedwa "masamba" ndi "browns," motsatana, atero a Jeremy Walters, kazembe wokhazikika ku Republic Services, m'modzi mwa osonkhetsa kwambiri United States. Mumalandira nayitrogeni kuchokera kumamasamba monga zipatso ndi zinyalala za masamba, kudula kwa udzu, ndi malo a khofi, ndi kaboni kuchokera ku bulauni monga pepala, makatoni, ndi masamba okufa kapena nthambi. Manyowa anu ayenera kukhala ndi masamba ofanana - omwe amapereka michere ndi chinyezi kuti zinthu zonse ziwonongeke - kukhala zofiirira - zomwe zimayamwa chinyezi chopitilira muyeso, zimathandizira kukonza kapangidwe kake ka kompositi, ndikupatsanso mphamvu kuzilombo zomwe zimawononga zonse, malinga ndi Cornell Waste Management Institute.

Nazi zinthu zabwino kwambiri zomwe mungawonjezere ku kompositi yanu, malinga ndi Walters:

• Masamba azamasamba (obiriwira)
• Zipatso za peyala (zobiriwira)
• Mbewu (zobiriwira)
• Mazira (kutsukidwa) (wobiriwira)
• Matawulo amapepala (bulauni)
• Katoni (bulauni)
• Nyuzipepala (zofiirira)
• Nsalu (thonje, ubweya, kapena silika mu tiziduswa tating'ono) (bulauni)
• Malo a khofi kapena zosefera (zobiriwira)
• Matumba a tiyi (zobiriwira)

Komabe, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kupewa kuyika mu kompositi yanu ngati simukufuna chidebe chopanda mafuta, ganizirani: anyezi, adyo, ndi masamba a zipatso. Kuvomerezana kwakukulu, malinga ndi akatswiri, ndikuti muyeneranso kusunga mkaka kapena zinyenyeswazi zanyama kuti mupewe kununkha mukamagwiritsa ntchito ndowe yanyumba. Ngati mukutsatira malangizowa koma mukupezekabe kuti manyowa anu ali ndi fungo, ndi chisonyezo choti mukufuna zinthu zambiri zofiirira kuti muchepetse zinthu zobiriwira zomwe zili ndi nayitrogeni, chifukwa chake yesani kuwonjezera nyuzipepala kapena masamba owuma, akutero Walters.

Momwe Mungapangire Bin Yanyumba

Musanayambe ndi kabowa ka kompositi, ganizirani komwe muli. Mudzafuna kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina ya kompositi ngati mukuipanga m'nyumba kapena panja.

Ngati mumatha kupanga kompositi panja, tumbler-yomwe imawoneka ngati chimphona chachikulu choyimapo, kuti mutha kuzungulirana motsutsana ndi cholembera chokongola chomwe chimasungabe madzi anu-ndi njira yabwino mukakhala ndi malo ambiri ogwirira ntchito, atero a Walters. Chifukwa chosindikizidwa, sizimanunkhiza kapena kukopa tizirombo. Kuphatikiza apo, safuna kugwiritsa ntchito nyongolotsi (onani zambiri pansipa za kompositi wanyumba) chifukwa kutentha kotsekedwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kumathandizira kompositi kuti iduke yokha. Mutha kupeza zochulukira za kompositi zakunja zogulitsidwa pa intaneti, monga Kompositi Yopunthira iyi yokhala ndi Zipinda Ziwiri ku Depot Yanyumba (Buy It, $91, homedepot.com).

Ngati mukupanga manyowa m'nyumba, mutha kugula chidebe cha kompositi monga Bamboo Compost Bin (Gulani, $ 40, food52.com). Kapenanso ngati muli ndi chidwi chofuna kupanga kompositi yanu yakunja, EPA imapereka malangizo mwatsatanetsatane patsamba lake. Mudzafunika kuyika kabokosi kanu ka kompositi kulikonse komwe mungakhale: kukhitchini, pansi pa tebulo, mu kabati, mndandanda umapitilira. (Ayi, siziyenera kupita kukhitchini ndipo siziyenera kununkhiza.)

1. Khazikitsani maziko.

Mukapeza nyumba yopangira manyowa anu mkati, mutha kuyamba kuyika zinthuzo poyambira kuyala pansi pa khandalo ndi nyuzipepala komanso masentimita angapo okumba dothi. Zomwe zikubwera, komabe, zimatengera mtundu wa kompositi.

2. Yambani kugawa manyowa anu (opanda mphutsi kapena opanda).

Osati wokonda zinthu zonyenga? (Mudzamvetsetsa posachedwa.) Kenako, mutayala pansi pa nkhokwe ya kompositi ndi nyuzipepala ndi dothi lina, onjezerani wosanjikiza wa bulauni. Chotsatira, pangani "chitsime kapena kukhumudwa" m'malo osalala a masamba, malinga ndi Cornell Waste Management Institute. Phimbani ndi mtundu wina wa bulauni kotero kuti palibe chakudya chikuwonetsa. Pitirizani kuwonjezera zigawo za amadyera ndi ma browns kutengera kukula kwa bin yanu ndikunyowa pang'ono ndi madzi. Pitani gawo 3.

Komabe, ngati mutha kuthana ndi ick-factor, Walters amalimbikitsa kuti vermicomposting ya malo ang'onoang'ono m'nyumba, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuwonjezera nyongolotsi kumasamba anu ndi ma brown kuti musinthe bwino zidutswa za chakudya muzakudya zofunikira ndi michere yazomera m'nthaka. Ngakhale simuyenera kuphatikiza nyongolotsi mukamapanga kompositi, kuwonongeka kumatha kutenga nthawi yayitali ndikupanga kununkhira (chifukwa zolengedwa zoyenda modya zimadya mabakiteriya onunkhira), malinga ndi Igor Lochert, Purezidenti wa The Worm Farm Portland ku Newberg , Oregon, yomwe imapanga mankhwala opangira manyowa.

"Ngati mukuganiza 'Nyongolotsi… mkati?' khalani otsimikiza kuti nyongolotsi ndizochedwa ndipo sizikhala ndi chidwi chokhala pampando wanu, "akuwonjezera. Afuna kuti akhalebe pachakudya cha mealy chomwe mumapereka mumkhola wa kompositi ndipo mwina sangathenso kutuluka mchidebecho. Ngakhale, ndi bwino kusunga chivindikiro pa chidebe kuonetsetsa kukhalabe ndi mtendere wa mumtima (chifukwa, ew, mphutsi).

Vermicomposting imathandiza pakusintha zidutswa za chakudya kukhala zakudya zofunikira pazomera pazifukwa zingapo, akutero Lochert. Choyamba, nyongolotsi zimasandutsa nthaka poyenda pakati pake, kusiya zotsalira (manyowa) ndi zikopa (mazira). Zikumveka zonyansa, koma zotsalira zomwe zatsalira zimakhala ndi zakudya zambiri, zomwe zingathandize kuti kompositi iwonongeke. Chachiwiri, nyongolotsi zimathandiza kuti nthaka iziziziritsa mpweya pongodutsamo — zofunika kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi nthaka yathanzi mumkhola wa kompositi ndipo pomalizira pake mukawonjezera kuzomera zanu. (Onaninso: Ma Tweaks Ang'onoang'ono Othandizira Chilengedwe Mwachangu)

Njira yosavuta yochitira vermicomposting ndikugula zida zapaintaneti kapena kuchokera ku sitolo yapafupi kapena nazale, monga 5-Tray Worm Composting Kit (Buy It, $ 90, wayfair.com). Muyeneranso kugula alimi ake - nyongolotsi - kuti muyambe. Mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa nyongolotsi wothira manyowa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yotchedwa red wrigggler chifukwa amadya zinyalala mwachangu, koma mbozi zapadziko lapansi zimagwiranso ntchitoyi, malinga ndi EPA. Nanga anyamata angati? Ngakhale kulibe malamulo okhwima, oyamba kumene okhala ndi tinsalu tating'ono ta m'nyumba ayenera kuyamba ndi chikho chimodzi cha mphutsi pa galoni la kompositi, akutero Lochert.

3. Onjezani zidutswa za chakudya chanu.

Ngakhale zingakhale zokopa kuponyera zometa zanu mu nkhokwe ya kompositi mutangopanga saladi chakudya chamadzulo, musatero. M'malo mwake, sungani zotsalirazo ndi chakudya china chilichonse chotsalira mu chidebe chotsekedwa mu furiji, ndikungowonjezera ku kompositi bin kamodzi pa sabata.

Mukakhala ndi chidebe chodzaza ndi zotsalira za chakudya ndipo mwakonzeka kuwonjezera pa nkhokwe, choyamba ponyani pepala laling'ono lonyowa lonyowa (kwenikweni mtundu uliwonse wa pepala umagwira ntchito, koma EPA imalimbikitsa kupewa mitundu yolemetsa, yonyezimira, kapena yamitundu, monga sizingaphwanyike mosavuta), kenaka yikani zidutswa pamwamba pa pepala. Phimbani zotsalira zonse za chakudya ndi mapepala ambiri ndi dothi lambiri kapena dothi loumba, chifukwa chakudya chowonekera chingakope ntchentche za zipatso. Zoonadi, kuteteza chivindikiro cha nkhokwe n’kofunikanso polimbana ndi ntchentche zilizonse. Mukawona kompositi yanu sabata yotsatira ndikupeza kuti nyongolotsi sizinadye mtundu wina wa zinyalala (mwachitsanzo, nthiti ya mbatata), chotsani kapena yesani kudula mzidutswa tating'ono musanabwererenso kunyumba yanyumba. Gawo la masamba a kompositi liyenera kupereka chinyezi chokwanira, choncho musawonjezere madzi owonjezera kusakaniza. (Zokhudzana: Kodi Muyenera Kulowa nawo Pagulu Lanu la CSA Farm?)

Momwe Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Kompositi

Ngati mukudyetsa manyowa moyenera sabata ndi sabata (kutanthauza: kuwonjezera chakudya champhika nthawi zonse), ayenera kukhala okonzeka kusamalira mbewu zanu masiku 90, atero Amy Padolk, wamkulu wa maphunziro ku Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden ku Coral Gables, Florida. Kompositi ndi wokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamene ikuwoneka, kumva, ndi kununkhiza ngati nthaka yakuda yakuda, imakhala ndi dothi lophwanyika pamwamba, ndipo zinthu zoyambirira [sizikudziwikanso]," akuwonjezera. Mukakwanitsa kuchita zinthu zonsezi, muyenera kuwonjezera pafupifupi 30 mpaka 50% ya kompositi m'nthaka yanu yosakanikirana ndi mbeu muzotengera kapena mabedi okwezedwa. Kwa zomera zakunja, mukhoza kufosholo kapena kuwaza pafupifupi 1/2-inch-wokhuthala wa kompositi kuzungulira tsinde ndi mabedi obzala, akutero Padolk.

Momwe Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Manyowa Ngati Simulima

Pafupifupi 94 peresenti ya chakudya chomwe chatayidwa chimathera m'malo otayira zinyalala kapena malo oyaka moto, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa methane (mpweya wowononga wowononga ozoni), malinga ndi EPA. Chifukwa chake, potenga njira zosavuta, zokongoletsera chilengedwe, mutha kuthandizira kuchepetsa kutulutsa kwa methane m'malo otayira pansi ndikuchepetsa zotsalira za kaboni. Chifukwa chake ngati mukufuna kuthandiza, koma mulibe chosowa cha kompositi yonse yomwe mukupanga, madera ambiri amakhala ndi malo opangira kompositi pomwe, pamalipiro ochepa, makampani ngati The Urban Canopy kapena Healthy Soil Compost atha kuperekera chidebe chomwe inu akhoza kudzaza ndi zotsalira za chakudya, ndiyeno amasonkhanitsa chidebecho chikadzadza, akutero Ashlee Piper, katswiri wodalirika komanso wolemba mabuku. Perekani Sh t: Chitani Zabwino. Khalani Bwino. Sungani Planet. Yang'anani makampani opanga kompositi m'dera lanu kuti muwone ntchito zomwe zilipo pafupi ndi inu.

Mukhozanso kuyimitsa zakudya zanu ndikuzipereka kumsika wa alimi apafupi pamene mwafika pazovuta kwambiri. "Pamsika komanso ogulitsa ambiri amatenga zinyenyeswazi kuti athe kupanga manyowa awo okolola," akutero a Piper. "Koma nthawi zonse muziyitanitsa patsogolo [kuti mutsimikizire] kuti musayende mtawuniyi ndi chikwama chazinyalala." (Pro nsonga: Ngati mukukhala ku New York City, Grow NYC ili ndi mndandanda wamasamba ochotsera zakudya pano.)

Inde, mutha kupanga kompositi yanu yam'nyumba nthawi zonse ndikugawana ndi anzanu kapena abale omwe ali ndi malo ambiri akunja, ngati mulibe malo oti muwafalitse nokha. Iwo—ndi zomera zawo—adzakhaladi oyamikira.

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