Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Hyperlipidemia

Zamkati

• Kumvetsetsa cholesterol
• Kupeza matenda
• Kodi muli pachiwopsezo cha hyperlipidemia?
• Wodziwika kuphatikiza hyperlipidemia
• Momwe mungachiritse matenda a hyperlipidemia kunyumba
• Idyani chakudya chopatsa thanzi
• Kuchepetsa thupi
• Khalani achangu
• Siyani kusuta
• Mankhwala a Hyperlipidemia
• Chiwonetsero
• Momwe mungapewere cholesterol yambiri

Kodi hyperlipidemia ndi chiyani?

Hyperlipidemia ndi dzina lachipatala la mafuta ochuluka kwambiri (lipids) m'magazi. Mitundu ikuluikulu iwiri ya lipids yomwe imapezeka m'magazi ndi triglycerides ndi cholesterol.

Ma triglycerides amapangidwa thupi lanu likasunga ma calories owonjezera omwe safuna mphamvu. Amachokera mwachindunji pachakudya chanu monga nyama yofiira komanso mkaka wamafuta onse. Chakudya chokhala ndi shuga woyengedwa bwino, fructose, ndi mowa chimadzutsa triglycerides.

Cholesterol amapangidwa mwachilengedwe m'chiwindi chanu chifukwa selo iliyonse mthupi lanu imagwiritsa ntchito. Mofanana ndi triglycerides, cholesterol imapezekanso muzakudya zamafuta monga mazira, nyama yofiira, ndi tchizi.

Hyperlipidemia imadziwika kuti cholesterol. Ngakhale cholesterol chambiri chitha kukhala cholowa, nthawi zambiri chimakhala chifukwa chakusankha kosakhala koyenera.

Kumvetsetsa cholesterol

Cholesterol ndi mafuta omwe amayenda m'magazi anu pamapuloteni otchedwa lipoproteins. Mukakhala ndi cholesterol yambiri m'magazi anu, imatha kumangirira pamakoma amitsempha yanu ndikupanga chikwangwani. Popita nthawi, zikwangwani zimakulirakulira ndikuyamba kutseka mitsempha yanu, yomwe imatha kudzetsa matenda amtima, matenda amtima, ndi sitiroko.

Kupeza matenda

Hyperlipidemia ilibe zisonyezo, chifukwa chake njira yokhayo yozindikira ndikuti dokotala wanu ayesedwe magazi otchedwa lipid panel kapena mbiri ya lipid. Kuyesaku kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yanu. Dokotala wanu amatenga zitsanzo zamagazi anu ndikuzitumiza ku labu kukayezetsa, kenako nkubwereranso kwa inu ndi lipoti lathunthu. Ripoti lanu liwonetsa milingo yanu ya:

• cholesterol yonse
• mafuta otsika kwambiri a lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol
• mkulu-osalimba lipoprotein (HDL) mafuta m'thupi
• triglycerides

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukupemphani kuti muzisala kudya kwa maola 8 mpaka 12 musanatenge magazi anu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kupewa kudya kapena kumwa china chilichonse kupatula madzi panthawiyi. Komabe, kafukufuku waposachedwapa akusonyeza kuti kusala kudya sikofunikira nthawi zonse, choncho tsatirani malangizo a dokotala pokhudzana ndi mavuto anu azaumoyo.

Nthawi zambiri, cholesterol yathunthu yoposa mamiligalamu 200 pa desilita iliyonse imawonedwa ngati yayikulu. Komabe, cholesterol yotetezeka imasiyana mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi mbiri yaumoyo komanso zovuta zomwe zilipo pakadali pano, ndipo dokotala wanu angakutsimikizireni bwino. Dokotala wanu amagwiritsa ntchito lipid yanu kuti apange matenda a hyperlipidemia.

Kodi muli pachiwopsezo cha hyperlipidemia?

Pali mitundu iwiri ya cholesterol, LDL ndi HDL. Mwinamwake mwamvapo iwo akutchedwa "zoipa" ndi "zabwino" cholesterol, motsatira. LDL ("yoyipa") cholesterol imamangika m'makoma anu amitsempha, kuwapangitsa kukhala olimba komanso opapatiza. HDL ("wabwino") cholesterol imatsuka cholesterol "yoyipa" yochulukirapo ndikusunthira kutali ndi mitsempha, kubwerera ku chiwindi. Hyperlipidemia imayamba chifukwa chokhala ndi cholesterol yambiri ya LDL m'magazi anu komanso cholesterol ya HDL yokwanira kuti muchotse.

Kusankha moyo wosakhala bwino kumatha kukweza cholesterol "choyipa" ndikuchepetsa "cholesterol" chabwino. Ngati mukulemera kwambiri, kudya zakudya zamafuta zambiri, kusuta, kapena kusachita zolimbitsa thupi zokwanira, ndiye kuti muli pachiwopsezo.

Zosankha pamoyo zomwe zimayika pachiwopsezo cha cholesterol yambiri ndi izi:

• kudya zakudya zokhutira ndi mafuta
• kudya mapuloteni a nyama, monga nyama ndi mkaka
• kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi okwanira
• osadya mafuta okwanira okwanira
• kunenepa kwambiri
• chiuno chachikulu
• kusuta
• kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso

Mafuta osadziwika a cholesterol amapezeka mwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda ena, kuphatikizapo:

• matenda a impso
• matenda ashuga
• matenda a polycystic ovary
• mimba
• chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito
• mikhalidwe yobadwa nayo

Komanso, mafuta anu angakhudzidwe ndi mankhwala ena:

• mapiritsi olera
• okodzetsa
• mankhwala ena okhumudwa

Wodziwika kuphatikiza hyperlipidemia

Pali mtundu wa hyperlipidemia womwe mungalandire kuchokera kwa makolo anu kapena agogo anu. Amatchedwa hyperlipidemia wapabanja. Hyperlipidemia yodziwika bwino imayambitsa cholesterol yambiri komanso triglycerides. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi cholesterol kapena ma triglyceride ambiri ali achinyamata ndipo amalandila matenda azaka 20 kapena 30. Matendawa amachulukitsa chiopsezo chamatenda oyambira m'mitsempha yamtima ndi matenda amtima.

Mosiyana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi hyperlipidemia, anthu omwe ali ndi mabanja omwe ali ndi hyperlipidemia amatha kukhala ndi zizindikilo za matenda amtima pambuyo pazaka zingapo, monga:

• kupweteka pachifuwa (ali wamng'ono)
• matenda a mtima (ali aang'ono)
• kuponda mwa ana ang'ombe mukuyenda
• zilonda zakumiyendo zomwe sizichira bwino
• Zizindikiro za sitiroko, kuphatikiza kuyankhula molakwika, kugwera mbali imodzi ya nkhope, kapena kufooka kumapeto

Momwe mungachiritse matenda a hyperlipidemia kunyumba

Kusintha kwa moyo ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera hyperlipidemia kunyumba. Ngakhale hyperlipidemia yanu idatengera (banja limodzi kuphatikiza hyperlipidemia), kusintha kwa moyo ndi gawo lofunikira pakuthandizira. Kusintha kokha kungakhale kokwanira kuti muchepetse ziwopsezo monga matenda amtima ndi sitiroko. Ngati mukumwa kale mankhwala, kusintha kwa moyo kumatha kusintha kuchepa kwa cholesterol.

Idyani chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Kusintha pazakudya zanu kumatha kutsitsa mafuta anu "oyipa" a cholesterol ndikuwonjezera mafuta "abwino" anu. Nazi kusintha pang'ono komwe mungapange:

• Sankhani mafuta athanzi. Pewani mafuta okhutira omwe amapezeka makamaka mu nyama yofiira, nyama yankhumba, soseji, ndi mkaka wamafuta wathunthu. Sankhani mapuloteni owonda ngati nkhuku, Turkey, ndi nsomba ngati kuli kotheka. Pitani ku mkaka wopanda mafuta ambiri kapena wopanda mafuta. Ndipo gwiritsani ntchito mafuta a monounsaturated monga maolivi ndi mafuta a canola kuphika.
• Dulani mafuta opatsirana. Mafuta a Trans amapezeka mu zakudya zokazinga ndi zakudya zosinthidwa, monga makeke, zotsekemera, ndi zakudya zina. Fufuzani zosakaniza pamakalata azogulitsa. Lemberani chilichonse chomwe chili ndi mafuta ochepa.
• Idyani omega-3s ochulukirapo. Omega-3 fatty acids amakhala ndi maubwino ambiri amtima. Mutha kuwapeza mumitundu ina ya nsomba, kuphatikiza nsomba, mackerel, ndi hering'i. Amathanso kupezeka mtedza ndi mbewu zina, monga mtedza ndi mbewu za fulakesi.
• Lonjezerani chakudya chanu cha fiber. Zida zonse zimakhala ndi thanzi lamtima, koma zosungunuka, zomwe zimapezeka mu oats, ubongo, zipatso, nyemba, ndi ndiwo zamasamba, zimatha kutsitsa cholesterol chanu cha LDL.
• Phunzirani maphikidwe athanzi. Onani tsamba lazakudya la American Heart Association kuti mupeze maupangiri pazakudya zokoma, zokhwasula-khwasula, ndi maswiti omwe sangakulitse cholesterol.
• Idyani zipatso zambiri ndi zophika. Amakhala ndi michere yambiri ndi mavitamini komanso mafuta ochepa.

Kuchepetsa thupi

Ngati mukulemera kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri, kuonda kungakuthandizeni kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwama cholesterol. Ngakhale mapaundi 5 mpaka 10 atha kusintha.

Kuchepetsa thupi kumayamba ndikazindikira kuchuluka kwama calories omwe mukutenga komanso kuchuluka kwa zomwe mukuwotcha. Zimatengera kudula makilogalamu 3,500 pazakudya zanu kuti muchepetse kilogalamu.

Kuti muchepetse kunenepa, tengani zakudya zamafuta ochepa ndikuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi kuti muwotche zopatsa mphamvu kuposa zomwe mumadya. Zimathandizira kudula zakumwa zotsekemera ndi mowa, ndikuwongolera magawo.

Khalani achangu

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikofunikira pamoyo wathu wonse, kuchepa thupi, komanso kuchuluka kwama cholesterol. Pamene simukuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi okwanira, milingo yanu ya HDL cholesterol imatsika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti palibe cholesterol "chabwino" chokwanira chonyamula cholesterol "yoyipa" kutali ndi mitsempha yanu.

Mumangofunika mphindi 40 zokha zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi katatu kapena kanayi pa sabata kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwama cholesterol. Cholinga chizikhala zolimbitsa thupi mphindi 150 sabata iliyonse. Zina mwa zotsatirazi zingakuthandizeni kuwonjezera masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku:

• Yesani kupalasa njinga kuti mugwire ntchito.
• Yendani mwachangu ndi galu wanu.
• Kusambira kumadumpha padziwe lapafupi.
• Lowani nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Kukwera masitepe m'malo chikepe.
• Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito zoyendera pagulu, pitani paimani kapena ziwiri mwachangu.

Siyani kusuta

Kusuta mafuta anu "abwino" a cholesterol ndikukweza ma triglycerides anu. Ngakhale simunapezeke ndi hyperlipidemia, kusuta kumatha kukulitsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kusiya kapena yesani chikonga cha chikonga. Zigamba za chikonga zimapezeka ku pharmacy popanda mankhwala. Muthanso kuwerenga malangizo awa kuchokera kwa anthu omwe asiya kusuta.

Mankhwala a Hyperlipidemia

Ngati kusintha kwa moyo wanu sikokwanira kuchiza matenda anu a hyperlipidemia, dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala. Mankhwala othandiza kuchepetsa cholesterol komanso triglyceride ndi awa:

• ma statins, monga:
  • atorvastatin (Lipitor)
  • fluvastatin (Lescol XL)
  • lovastatin (Altoprev)
  • pitavastatin (Livalo)
  • pravastatin (Pravachol)
  • rosuvastatin (Crestor)
  • simvastatin (Zocor)
• mabotolo amtundu wa bile-acid, monga:
  • cholestyramine (Prevalite)
  • colemoyam (WelChol)
  • chotsitsa (Colestid)
• cholesterol absorption inhibitors, monga asezetimibe (Zetia)
• mankhwala ojambulidwa, monga alirocumab (Ofunika) kapena evolocumab (Repatha)
• mafinya, monga fenofibrate (Fenoglide, Tricor, Triglide) kapena gemfibrozil (Lopid)
• mphepo (Niacor)
• Omega-3 mafuta acid amawonjezera
• mafuta ena otsitsa cholesterol

Chiwonetsero

Anthu omwe ali ndi hyperlipidemia osachiritsidwa ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matenda amtima kuposa anthu wamba. Matenda amtima ndimikhalidwe yomwe chikwangwani chimamangirira mkati mwa mitsempha yamtima. Mitsempha yolimba, yotchedwa atherosclerosis, imachitika pakakhoma kakang'ono pamakoma amitsempha. Popita nthawi, zolembera zimachepetsa mitsempha ndipo imatha kuimitsa kwathunthu, kupewa magazi. Izi zitha kubweretsa matenda amtima, stroko, kapena mavuto ena.

Momwe mungapewere cholesterol yambiri

Mutha kusintha zina ndi zina pamoyo wanu kuti muchepetse cholesterol kapena kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi hyperlipidemia:

• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi masiku angapo pamlungu.
• Idyani chakudya chochepa kwambiri.
• Phatikizani zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, nyemba, mtedza, mbewu zonse, ndi nsomba zambiri nthawi zonse pazakudya zanu. (Zakudya zaku Mediterranean ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yodyera ndi mtima wathanzi.)
• Lekani kudya nyama yofiira ndikudya nyama monga nyama yankhumba, soseji, ndi kudula kozizira.
• Imwani mkaka wopaka kapena wopanda mafuta.
• Pitirizani kulemera bwino.
• Idyani mafuta ambiri athanzi, monga avocado, maamondi, ndi mafuta.