Kodi Ndingathandize Bwanji Wokondedwa Wanga Kupanga Zosankha Zazambiri Zokhudza Chithandizo Chawo cha Parkinson?

Zamkati

• Mankhwala a Dopamine
• Carbidopa-levodopa
• Agonist a Dopamine
• MAO B zoletsa
• COMT zoletsa
• Mankhwala ena a Parkinson
• Wotsutsa
• Amantadine
• Kutsatira ndandanda yamankhwala
• Zomwe zimachitika mankhwala a Parkinson akasiya kugwira ntchito
• Tengera kwina

Ofufuza sanapeze chithandizo cha matenda a Parkinson, koma chithandizo chachokera kutali m'zaka zaposachedwa. Masiku ano, mankhwala osiyanasiyana ndi njira zina zochiritsira zilipo kuti muchepetse zizindikilo monga kunjenjemera ndi kuuma.

Ndikofunika kuti wokondedwa wanu amwe mankhwala awo chimodzimodzi monga adanenera dokotala. Muthanso kupereka chithandizo ndikukumbutsani modekha.

Kuti mukhale othandiza, muyenera kudziwa mankhwala omwe amachiza matenda a Parkinson, komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito.

Mankhwala a Dopamine

Anthu omwe ali ndi Parkinson ali ndi vuto la dopamine, lomwe ndi mankhwala amubongo omwe amathandizira kuti mayendedwe azisunthika. Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amayenda pang'onopang'ono ndikukhala ndi minofu yolimba. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira ntchito ya Parkinson poonjezera kuchuluka kwa dopamine muubongo.

Carbidopa-levodopa

Mankhwala otchedwa levodopa, kapena L-DOPA, akhala akuchiritsa matenda a Parkinson kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1960. Imapitilizabe kukhala mankhwala othandiza kwambiri chifukwa imalowa m'malo mwa kusowa kwa dopamine muubongo.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson amatenga levodopa kwakanthawi pochiza. Levodopa amasandulika dopamine muubongo.

Mankhwala ambiri amaphatikiza levodopa ndi carbidopa. Carbidopa imalepheretsa levodopa kusweka m'matumbo kapena mbali zina za thupi ndikusandutsa dopamine isanafike kuubongo. Kuonjezera carbidopa kumathandizanso kupewa zovuta zina monga kunyansidwa ndi kusanza.

Carbidopa-levodopa amabwera m'njira zingapo:

• piritsi (Parcopa, Sinemet)
• piritsi lomwe limatulutsa pang'onopang'ono kuti zotsatira zake zizikhala motalika (Rytary, Sinemet CR)
• kulowetsedwa komwe kumatumizidwa m'matumbo kudzera mu chubu (Duopa)
• mpweya wopumira (Inbrija)

Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa ndi monga:

• nseru
• chizungulire
• chizungulire poimirira (orthostatic hypotension)
• nkhawa
• zamatsenga kapena zosuntha zina zachilendo (dyskinesia)
• chisokonezo
• kuwona kapena kumva zinthu zomwe sizili zenizeni (kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo)
• kugona

Agonist a Dopamine

Mankhwalawa samasintha kukhala dopamine muubongo. M'malo mwake, amachita ngati dopamine. Anthu ena amatenga ma dopamine agonists limodzi ndi levodopa kuti zidziwitso zawo zisabwerere nthawi yomwe levodopa imatha.

Dopamine agonists ndi awa:

• pramipexole (Mirapex, Mirapex ER), piritsi ndi piritsi lotulutsa
• ropinirole (Requip, Requip XL), piritsi ndi piritsi lotulutsa
• apomorphine (Apokyn), jakisoni wochita zinthu mwachidule
• rotigotine (Neupro), chigamba

Mankhwalawa amachititsa zovuta zina monga carbidopa-levodopa, kuphatikizapo kunyoza, chizungulire, ndi kugona. Zitha kupanganso zizolowezi zokakamiza, monga kutchova juga komanso kudya kwambiri.

MAO B zoletsa

Gulu la mankhwalawa limagwira ntchito mosiyana ndi levodopa kuti iwonjezere milingo ya dopamine muubongo. Amatseka enzyme yomwe imaphwanya dopamine, yomwe imatalikitsa zovuta za dopamine mthupi.

Mao B inhibitors ndi awa:

• selegiline (Zelapar)
• rasagiline (Chidziwitso)
• safinamide (Xadago)

Mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa mavuto monga:

• kuvuta kugona (kusowa tulo)
• chizungulire
• nseru
• kudzimbidwa
• kukhumudwa m'mimba
• kusuntha kosazolowereka (dyskinesia)
• kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo
• chisokonezo
• mutu

MaO B inhibitors atha kulumikizana ndi ena:

• zakudya
• mankhwala owonjezera
• mankhwala akuchipatala
• zowonjezera

Onetsetsani kuti mumalankhula ndi adotolo zamankhwala onse komanso zowonjezera zomwe wokondedwa wanu amatenga.

COMT zoletsa

Mankhwalawa entacopine (Comtan) ndi tolcapone (Tasmar) amaletsanso enzyme yomwe imawononga dopamine muubongo. Stalevo ndi mankhwala osakaniza omwe amaphatikizapo carbidopa-levodopa komanso COMT inhibitor.

Ma inhibitors a COMT amayambitsa zovuta zambiri monga carbidopa-levodopa. Zikhozanso kuwononga chiwindi.

Mankhwala ena a Parkinson

Ngakhale mankhwala omwe amachulukitsa milingo ya dopamine ndizofunikira pachithandizo cha Parkinson, mankhwala ena ochepa amathandizanso kuwongolera zizindikilo.

Wotsutsa

Trihexyphenidyl (Artane) ndi benztropine (Cogentin) amachepetsa kunjenjemera kwa matenda a Parkinson. Zotsatira zake zoyipa zimaphatikizapo:

• maso owuma ndi pakamwa
• kudzimbidwa
• zovuta kutulutsa mkodzo
• mavuto okumbukira
• kukhumudwa
• kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo

Amantadine

Mankhwalawa atha kuthandiza anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson omwe samangoyamba kumene omwe ali ndi zizindikilo zochepa chabe. Itha kuphatikizidwanso ndi mankhwala a carbidopa-levodopa kumapeto kwa matendawa.

Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo:

• kutupa kwa mwendo
• chizungulire
• mawanga pakhungu
• chisokonezo
• maso owuma ndi pakamwa
• kudzimbidwa
• kugona

Kutsatira ndandanda yamankhwala

Chithandizo choyambirira cha matenda a Parkinson chimatsatira njira yosavuta. Wokondedwa wanu atenga carbidopa- levodopa kangapo patsiku panthawi yake.

Pambuyo pazaka zochepa kuchipatala, ma cell amubongo amalephera kusunga dopamine ndikukhala omvera kwambiri pamankhwalawa. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti mankhwala oyamba asamayende bwino isanakwane nthawi yotsatira, yomwe imatchedwa "kutha."

Izi zikachitika, dokotala wa wokondedwa wanu adzagwira nawo ntchito kuti asinthe kuchuluka kwa mankhwala kapena kuwonjezera mankhwala ena kuti ateteze nthawi "yopuma". Zimatha kutenga nthawi komanso kuleza mtima kuti mtundu wa mankhwalawo uzikhala woyenera.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson omwe akhala akutenga levodopa kwa zaka zingapo amathanso kukhala ndi dyskinesia, yomwe imayambitsa mayendedwe osadzipangitsa. Madokotala amatha kusintha mankhwala kuti achepetse dyskinesia.

Kusunga nthawi ndikofunikira pankhani yakumwa mankhwala a Parkinson. Pofuna kuchepetsa zizindikiro, wokondedwa wanu ayenera kumwa mankhwala ake muyezo woyenera komanso nthawi yoyenera tsiku lililonse. Mutha kuthandizira pakusintha kwamankhwala powakumbutsa kuti amwe mapiritsi awo panthawi yatsopano, kapena mwa kuwagulira makina ogwiritsira ntchito mapiritsi kuti mankhwala azikhala osavuta.

Zomwe zimachitika mankhwala a Parkinson akasiya kugwira ntchito

Masiku ano, madokotala ali ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana kuti athetse matenda a Parkinson. Zikuwoneka kuti wokondedwa wanu apeza mankhwala amodzi - kapena kuphatikiza mankhwala - omwe amagwira ntchito.

Mitundu ina yamankhwala imapezekanso, kuphatikiza kukondoweza kwa ubongo (DBS). Pachifukwa ichi, waya wotchedwa lead amatenga opaleshoni mbali ina ya ubongo yomwe imayendetsa kayendetsedwe kake. Waya imalumikizidwa ndi chida chokhala ngati pacemaker chotchedwa impulse generator chomwe chimayikidwa pansi pa kolala. Chipangizocho chimatumiza zikoka zamagetsi kuti zikongoletse ubongo ndikuimitsa zikhumbo zachilendo zaubongo zomwe zimayambitsa zisonyezo za Parkinson.

Tengera kwina

Mankhwala a Parkinson ndiabwino kwambiri pakulamulira zizindikiritso. Mitundu yamankhwala ndi momwe wokondedwa wanu amatengera angafunikire kusintha pazaka zambiri. Mutha kuthandiza ndi izi pophunzira za mankhwala omwe alipo, komanso popereka chithandizo kuti muthandize wokondedwa wanu kutsatira njira zake zamankhwala.