Zotsatira za Insulin m'thupi

Zamkati

• Malo obayira insulini
• Pampu ya insulini
• Zimapangidwa m'matumbo
• Kupanga magetsi ndi kugawa
• Kusunga chiwindi
• Kusunga minofu ndi mafuta
• Shuga woyenera wamagazi
• Maselo athanzi
• M'magazi
• Kulamulira kwa ketone

Insulini ndimadzi achilengedwe opangidwa ndi kapamba wanu omwe amawongolera momwe thupi lanu limagwiritsira ntchito ndikusunga shuga wamagazi (shuga). Ili ngati kiyi yemwe amalola shuga kulowa m'maselo mthupi lanu lonse.

Insulini ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pama metabolism. Popanda izi, thupi lanu lidzaleka kugwira ntchito.

Mukamadya, kapamba wanu amatulutsa insulini kuti mthupi lanu lizipanga mphamvu kuchokera ku shuga, mtundu wa shuga womwe umapezeka mu chakudya. Zimathandizanso kuti musunge mphamvu.

Mu mtundu wa 1 shuga, kapamba sathanso kutulutsa insulin. Mu mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga, kapamba amayamba kupanga insulin, koma maselo amthupi lanu sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito insulin. Izi zimatchedwa insulin kukana.

Matenda ashuga osayang'aniridwa amalola kuti shuga uzikula m'magazi m'malo mogawidwa m'maselo kapena kusungidwa. Izi zitha kuwononga pafupifupi gawo lililonse la thupi lanu.

Kuyezetsa magazi kumatha kuwonetsa mwachangu ngati milingo yanu ya glucose ndiyokwera kwambiri kapena yotsika kwambiri.

Mavuto a matenda ashuga amaphatikizapo matenda a impso, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, mavuto amtima, mavuto amaso, komanso mavuto am'mimba.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba amafunikira mankhwala a insulin kuti akhale ndi moyo. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 amayeneranso kumwa mankhwala a insulini kuti athe kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi ndikupewa zovuta.

Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga, mankhwala a insulini amatha kugwira ntchito yomwe kapamba wanu sangathe. Mitundu yotsatirayi ya insulin ilipo:

• Insulini yogwira ntchito mwachangu imafika m'magazi pasanathe mphindi 15 ndipo imagwirabe ntchito mpaka maola 4.
• Insulini yochepa amalowa m'magazi mkati mwa mphindi 30 ndikugwira ntchito mpaka maola 6.
• Insulin wapakatikati imalowa m'magazi anu mkati mwa maola awiri kapena anayi ndipo imagwira ntchito pafupifupi maola 18.
• Insulini yotenga nthawi yayitali imayamba kugwira ntchito m'maola ochepa ndikusunga shuga ngakhale kwa maola 24.

Malo obayira insulini

Insulini nthawi zambiri imalowetsedwa m'mimba, koma amathanso kubayidwa m'manja, ntchafu, kapena matako.

Malo opangira jekeseni ayenera kusinthidwa pamalo omwewo. Majakisoni obwerezabwereza pamalo omwewo amatha kuyambitsa mafuta omwe amapangitsa kuti insulin izikhala yovuta kwambiri.

Pampu ya insulini

M'malo mobayira jakisoni pafupipafupi, anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito pampu yomwe imatulutsa timadzi tating'ono ta insulin tsiku lonse.

Mpopu umaphatikizapo katheteti kakang'ono kamene kamayikidwa munyama zamafuta pansi pa khungu la pamimba. Imakhalanso ndi malo osungira insulini ndi timachubu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timanyamula insulini kuchokera ku nkhokwe kupita ku catheter.

Insulini yosungira imayenera kuthiranso mafuta ngati kuli kofunikira. Pofuna kupewa matenda, malo olowetsera ayenera kusinthidwa masiku awiri kapena atatu aliwonse.

Zimapangidwa m'matumbo

Mukamadya, chakudya chimapita m'mimba mwanu ndi m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, momwe chimaswedwa kukhala michere yomwe imaphatikizira shuga. Zakudyazo zimalowetsedwa ndikugawidwa kudzera m'magazi anu.

Mphepete ndi gland yomwe ili kuseri kwa m'mimba mwanu yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakudya. Amapanga michere yomwe imaphwanya mafuta, sitashi, ndi shuga mu chakudya. Imatulutsanso insulini ndi mahomoni ena m'magazi anu.

Insulini imapangidwa m'maselo a beta a kapamba. Maselo a Beta ali ndi 75% yama cell a pancreatic hormone.

Mahomoni ena opangidwa ndi kapamba ndi awa:

• Kupanga magetsi ndi kugawa

  Ntchito ya insulini ndikuthandizira kusintha shuga kukhala mphamvu ndikuigawira thupi lanu lonse, kuphatikiza dongosolo lamanjenje chapakati ndi dongosolo lamtima.

  Popanda insulini, maselo amafa ndi njala ndipo amafunika kufunafuna gwero lina. Izi zitha kubweretsa zovuta zowopsa pamoyo.

  Kusunga chiwindi

  Insulini imathandiza chiwindi chanu kutenga shuga wochuluka m'magazi anu. Ngati muli ndi mphamvu zokwanira, chiwindi chimasunga shuga yemwe simukufuna nthawi yomweyo kuti mugwiritse ntchito mphamvu pambuyo pake.

  Kenako, chiwindi chimatulutsa shuga wochepa pawokha. Izi zimapangitsa kuti magazi anu azikhala ndi magazi ambiri. Chiwindi chimatulutsa shuga pang'ono m'magazi anu pakati pa chakudya kuti shuga wanu wamagazi azikhala bwino.

  Kusunga minofu ndi mafuta

  Insulini imathandizira minofu yanu ndi maselo amafuta kusungira shuga wowonjezera kuti asapitirire magazi anu.

  Imawonetsa ma cell anu a minofu ndi mafuta kuti musiye kuthyolako shuga kuti ikuthandizeni kukhazikika mumwazi wamagazi.

  Kenako maselowo amayamba kupanga glycogen, glucose wosungidwa. Glycogen imapatsa mphamvu thupi lanu mphamvu mukamatsika shuga.

  Chiwindi chikasakabe ndi glycogen, insulin imayambitsa ma cell anu amafuta kuti atenge shuga. Amasungidwa monga triglycerides, mtundu wamafuta m'magazi anu, omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mphamvu pambuyo pake.

  Shuga woyenera wamagazi

  Shuga wamagazi, kapena glucose, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thupi lanu ngati mphamvu. Mukamadya, zimapangidwa ndi zakudya zambiri zomwe mumadya. Glucose imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo kapena kusungidwa m'maselo anu. Insulini imathandiza kuti shuga m'magazi anu azikhala bwino.

  Imachita izi potulutsa shuga m'magazi anu ndikusunthira m'maselo mthupi lanu lonse. Maselowo amagwiritsira ntchito shuga kuti akhale ndi mphamvu ndikusunga mopitirira muyeso mu chiwindi, minofu, ndi minofu ya mafuta.

  Kuchuluka kapena kusungunuka kwa magazi m'magazi anu kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto akulu azaumoyo. Kupatula shuga, imatha kubweretsa mavuto amtima, impso, diso, komanso zotengera magazi.

  Maselo athanzi

  Maselo m'mbali zonse za thupi lanu amafunika mphamvu kuti agwire ntchito ndikukhala athanzi. Insulin imapereka shuga yomwe maselo amagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu.

  Popanda insulini, shuga imakhalabe m'magazi anu, zomwe zingayambitse zovuta monga hyperglycemia.

  Pamodzi ndi shuga, insulin imathandizira ma amino acid kulowa m'maselo amthupi, omwe amalimbitsa minofu. Insulini imathandizanso kuti maselo atenge ma electrolyte ngati potaziyamu, yomwe imapangitsa kuti madzi amthupi lanu azitha.

  M'magazi

  Insulini ikalowa m'magazi anu, imathandizira maselo mthupi lanu lonse - kuphatikizanso dongosolo lanu lamanjenje ndi mtima wamitsempha - kuyamwa shuga. Ndi ntchito ya circulatory kuti mupereke insulin.

  Malingana ngati kapamba amapanga insulin yokwanira ndipo thupi lanu likhoza kuigwiritsa ntchito moyenera, milingo ya shuga m'magazi imasungidwa bwino.

  Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi (hyperglycemia) kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta monga kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha (neuropathy), kuwonongeka kwa impso, ndi mavuto amaso.Zizindikiro za shuga wambiri wamagazi zimaphatikizapo ludzu lokwanira komanso kukodza pafupipafupi.

  Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi (hypoglycemia) kumatha kukupangitsani kukwiya, kutopa, kapena kusokonezeka. Shuga wamagazi ochepa amatha kutaya chidziwitso.

  Kulamulira kwa ketone

  Insulini imathandizira ma cell anu kugwiritsa ntchito glucose yamphamvu. Maselo akamagwiritsa ntchito shuga wowonjezera, amayamba kuwotcha mafuta kuti akhale ndi mphamvu. Izi zimapanga mankhwala owopsa omwe amatchedwa ketoni.

  Thupi lanu limayesetsa kuchotsa ma ketoni kudzera mumkodzo wanu, koma nthawi zina sungathe kupitilira. Izi zitha kubweretsa kuopsa koopsa kotchedwa matenda ashuga ketoacidosis (DKA). Zizindikiro zake zimaphatikizira mpweya wonunkhira, mkamwa wouma, nseru, ndi kusanza.